Types/lymphoma/patient/adult-nhl-treatment-pdq

Maganin Lymphoma na -ananan-Hodgkin ( –) –Patient Version

Janar Bayani Game da Manyan Wadanda Ba Hodgkin Lymphoma ba

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Cutar non-Hodgkin lymphoma wata cuta ce wacce mugayen ƙwayoyin cuta (keɓaɓɓun ƙwayoyin cuta) ke kamawa a cikin tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta.

• Cutar lymphoma da ba ta Hodgkin ba na iya zama taurin kai ko tashin hankali.

• Yawan tsufa, kasancewa namiji, da kuma rashin karfin garkuwar jiki na iya ƙara haɗarin balagaggun wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma ba.

• Alamomi da alamun cutar lymphoma ba ta Hodgkin ba sun hada da kumburin lymph, zazzabi, zufa mai zafin dare, rage nauyi, da kasala.

• Gwaje-gwajen da ke bincikar tsarin lymph da sauran sassan jiki ana amfani da su don taimakawa wajen tantancewa da kuma gabatar da balagaggun wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma ba.

• Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Cutar non-Hodgkin lymphoma wata cuta ce wacce mugayen ƙwayoyin cuta (keɓaɓɓun ƙwayoyin cuta) ke kamawa a cikin tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta.

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma wani nau'in cutar kansa ne wanda ke samarwa a cikin tsarin lymph. Lymph system wani bangare ne na garkuwar jiki. Yana taimakawa kare jiki daga kamuwa da cuta.

Lymph system ya kunshi abubuwa masu zuwa:

• Lymph: Ba shi da launi, ruwa mai ruwa wanda ke bi ta hanyoyin ruwan lymph kuma yana ɗauke da ƙwayoyin lymphocytes (fararen ƙwayoyin jini). Akwai nau'ikan lymphocytes guda uku:

• B lymphocytes wanda ke yin rigakafi don taimakawa yaƙi da kamuwa da cuta. Hakanan ana kiransa ƙwayoyin B. Yawancin nau'ikan lymphoma wadanda ba Hodgkin suna farawa a cikin B lymphocytes.

• T lymphocytes masu taimakawa B lymphocytes suna yin ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke taimakawa yaƙi da kamuwa da cuta. Hakanan ana kiransa ƙwayoyin T.

• Kwayoyin kisa na halitta wadanda ke kai hari kan ƙwayoyin daji da ƙwayoyin cuta. Hakanan ana kiransa ƙwayoyin NK.

• Magungunan Lymph: Hanyar sadarwar bututu na bakin ciki wanda ke tattara lymph daga sassa daban-daban na jiki kuma ya mayar dashi zuwa hanyoyin jini.

• Magungunan Lymph: Smallananan, sifofi irin na wake waɗanda ke tace lymph da adana farin ƙwayoyin jini waɗanda ke taimakawa yaƙi da kamuwa da cuta. Ana samo ƙwayoyin lymph tare da cibiyar sadarwar lymph ta cikin jiki. Foundungiyoyin lymph nodes ana samun su a cikin wuya, underarm, mediastinum, ciki, ƙashin ƙugu, da kuma makwancin gwaiwa.

• Spleen: Wani sashin jiki ne wanda yake samar da lymphocytes, yana adana jajayen kwayoyin jini da na lymphocytes, yana tace jinin, sannan yana lalata tsoffin kwayoyin jini. Saifa yana gefen hagu na ciki kusa da ciki.

• Thymus: Gabar da T lymphocytes ke girma da ninka a ciki. Thymus yana cikin kirji a bayan kashin ƙirji.

• Tonsils: smallananan ƙwayoyin lymph biyu a bayan makogwaro. Akwai tanji daya a kowane gefen makogwaro.

• Kashin kashin jiki: Theaushi mai taushi, mai soso a tsakiyar wasu kasusuwa, kamar ƙashin ƙugu da ƙashin ƙirji. Ana yin farin ƙwayoyin jini, da jajayen ƙwayoyin jini, da platelet a cikin ɓarin kashi.

Anatomy na tsarin lymph, yana nuna tasoshin lymph da gabobin lymph gami da ƙwayoyin lymph, tonsils, thymus, sppleen, da kuma kashin ƙashi. Lymph (ruwa mai tsabta) da lymphocytes suna tafiya ta cikin jiragen ruwan lymph kuma zuwa cikin ƙwayoyin lymph inda ƙwayoyin lymphocytes ke lalata abubuwa masu cutarwa. Lymph yana shiga cikin jini ta wata babbar jijiya kusa da zuciya.

Hakanan ana samun sinadarin lymph a wasu sassan jiki kamar rufin abin narkewar abinci, mashako, da fata. Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa zuwa hanta da huhu.

Akwai nau'ikan lymphomas iri biyu: Hodgkin lymphoma da wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma. Wannan taƙaitaccen bayani game da maganin tsofaffin ƙwayoyin lymphoma ba na Hodgkin ba, gami da lokacin ɗaukar ciki.

Don bayani game da wasu nau'ikan kwayar lymphoma, duba taƙaitattun masu zuwa:

• Adult Aciki mai saurin cutar sankarar bargo (lymphoblastic lymphoma)

• Adult Hodgkin Lymphoma Jiyya

• Maganin Lymphoma mai alaƙa da cutar kanjamau

• Kula da Lymphoma na Nonananan yara ba

• Kullum Lymphocytic Cutar sankarar bargo (ƙananan lymphocytic lymphoma)

• Mycosis Fungoides (Ciki har da Ciwon Sézary Syndrome) Jiyya (cututtukan T-cell lymphoma)

• Jiyya na CNS Lymphoma na farko

Cutar lymphoma da ba ta Hodgkin ba na iya zama taurin kai ko tashin hankali.

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma yana girma kuma yana yaɗuwa a matakai daban-daban kuma yana iya zama mara ƙarfi ko m. Cutar lymphoma mai lalacewa tana neman girma da yaduwa a hankali, kuma yana da 'yan alamu da alamomi. Lymphoma mai saurin tashin hankali yana girma kuma yana yaɗuwa da sauri, kuma yana da alamu da alamomin da zasu iya zama masu tsanani. Jiyya don rashin kwazo da hadadden cutar lymphoma sun bambanta.

Wannan taƙaitaccen bayani game da nau'ikan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta ne marasa Hodgkin:

Indolent ba Hodgkin lymphomas ba

Maganin kwayar halitta. Tsarin kwayar cutar follicular shine mafi yawan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma ba. Yana da saurin saurin girma wanda ba na Hodgkin lymphoma wanda ke farawa a cikin B lymphocytes. Yana shafar ƙwayoyin lymph kuma yana iya yaɗuwa zuwa ɓarke ​​ko baƙin ciki. Yawancin marasa lafiya tare da lymphoma follicular suna da shekaru 50 da haihuwa lokacin da aka gano su. Lymphoma na follicular na iya wucewa ba tare da magani ba. Mai haƙuri yana sa ido sosai don alamu ko alamomin cewa cutar ta dawo. Ana buƙatar magani idan alamu ko alamomi sun faru bayan ciwon kansa ya ɓace ko bayan maganin kansar na farko. Wasu lokuta kwayar cutar kwayar cutar ta kwayar cuta na iya zama nau'in kwayar cuta mai saurin tashin hankali, kamar yada babban kwayar B-cell lymphoma.

Lymphoma na lymphoplasmacytic. A mafi yawan lokuta na lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, B lymphocytes da ke juyawa zuwa cikin ƙwayoyin plasma suna yin babban furotin da ake kira monoclonal immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody. Babban matakin kwayar cutar IgM a cikin jini yana haifar da jinin jini ya yi kauri. Wannan na iya haifar da alamu ko alamomi irin su matsalar gani ko ji, matsalolin zuciya, rashin numfashi, ciwon kai, jiri, da dimaucewa ko kuncin hannu da kafa. Wani lokaci babu alamun alamu ko alamun cutar lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Ana iya samun shi lokacin da aka yi gwajin jini don wani dalili. Lymphoma na lymphoplasmacytic sau da yawa yana yadawa zuwa kashin ƙashi, lymph nodes, da sppleen. Ya kamata a duba marasa lafiya da ke da lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma don kamuwa da cutar hepatitis C. Ana kiran shi Waldenström macroglobulinemia.

Ginananan yankin lymphoma. Wannan nau'in lymphoma ba Hodgkin yana farawa a cikin B lymphocytes a cikin wani ɓangaren ƙwayar lymph da ake kira yankin gefe. Hannun na iya zama mafi muni ga marasa lafiya masu shekaru 70 ko sama da haka, waɗanda ke da mataki na III ko na huɗu na cuta, da waɗanda suke da matakan lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Akwai nau'ikan lymphoma na yanki na gefe guda biyar. An haɗa su ta nau'in nau'in nama inda lymphoma ya kafa:

• Yankin yanki na yankin Nodal. Nodal gefen yankin lymphoma a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph. Wannan nau'in lymphoma ba Hodgkin ba kasada bane. An kuma kira shi monocytoid B-cell lymphoma.

• Tashin lymphoid mai hade da mucosa mai hade da ciki (MALT) lymphoma. Gastric MALT lymphoma yawanci yakan fara ne a cikin ciki. Wannan nau'in kwayar cutar lymphoma a cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta wanda ke taimakawa yin rigakafi. Marasa lafiya tare da lymphoma MALT na ciki na iya samun Helicobacter gastritis ko wata cuta ta jiki, kamar Hashimoto thyroiditis ko Sjögren syndrome.

• Raarin lymphoma MALT. Extragastric MALT lymphoma yana farawa a waje da ciki a kusan kowane ɓangare na jiki gami da sauran sassan ɓangaren hanji, gland na gishiri, thyroid, huhu, fata, da kewaye ido. Wannan nau'in kwayar cutar lymphoma a cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta wanda ke taimakawa yin rigakafi. Extragastric MALT lymphoma na iya dawowa shekaru da yawa bayan jiyya.

• Lymphoma na ciki na Rum. Wannan nau'in lymphoma na MALT ne wanda ke faruwa a cikin samari a ƙasashen gabashin Bahar Rum. Sau da yawa yakan zama ciki a ciki kuma marasa lafiya na iya kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta da ake kira Campylobacter jejuni. Wannan nau'in kwayar cutar kwayar cutar ana kiranta da cututtukan cikin hanji da ke hana yaduwar cutar.

• Yankin yanki na yanki Splenic. Wannan nau'in kwayar cutar yankin lymphoma yana farawa a cikin saifa kuma yana iya yaduwa zuwa gefen gefe da bargon kashi. Alamar da aka fi sani da ita ta irin wannan nau'in kwayar cutar lmphoma ita ce taifa wadda ta fi girma fiye da al'ada.

Primary cutaneous anaplastic babban cell lymphoma. Wannan nau'in lymphoma ba Hodgkin yana cikin fata kawai. Zai iya zama nodule mara kyau (ba ciwon daji ba) wanda zai iya wucewa da kansa ko kuma zai iya yaɗuwa zuwa wurare da yawa akan fata kuma yana buƙatar magani.

M lymphomas ba na Hodgkin ba

Yada babban kwayar B-cell. Yada babban kwayar B-cell lymphoma shine mafi yawan nau'in lymphoma ba Hodgkin. Yana girma da sauri a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph kuma sau da yawa ma saifa, hanta, bargon ƙashi, ko wasu gabobin ana shafa su. Alamomi da alamomin yaduwar babban kwayar B-cell lymphoma na iya haɗawa da zazzaɓi, zafin zufa na dare, da rage nauyi. Wadannan ana kiran su alamun B.

• Matsakaicin matsakaici na babban B-cell lymphoma. Wannan nau'in lymphoma ba Hodgkin ba wani nau'in yaduwa ne mai girman kwayar B-cell. An yi alamarsa ta ƙaruwar ɓarkewar ƙwayar lymph. Wani ƙari shine mafi yawan lokuta yake bayan bayan ƙashin ƙirji. Yana iya matsawa kan hanyoyin iska da haifar da tari da matsalar numfashi. Yawancin marasa lafiya tare da babban kwayar cutar B-cell lymphoma sune mata waɗanda shekarunsu ke tsakanin 30 zuwa 40.

Babban kwayar cutar kwayar halitta, mataki na III. Babban kwayar cutar kwayar halitta ta follicular, mataki na III, wani nau'ine ne mai matukar wahala irin na lymphoma ba Hodgkin ba. Jiyya na irin wannan nau'in kwayar cutar ta kwayar cutar ta fi dacewa da maganin NHL mai tsananin tashin hankali fiye da rashin ƙarfi na NHL.

Anaplastic babban cell lymphoma. Anaplastic babban cell lymphoma shine nau'in lymphoma ba Hodgkin wanda yawanci yakan fara a cikin T lymphocytes. Kwayoyin cutar kansa suna da alama da ake kira CD30 a saman tantanin halitta.

Akwai nau'ikan kwayar lymphoma mai girma wacce take dauke da kwayoyin cuta guda biyu:

• Cutaccen ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Irin wannan kwayar cutar ta kwayar cutar kwayar cutar da ke yaduwa galibi tana shafar fata, amma kuma sauran sassan jiki na iya shafa. Alamomin cututtukan fata na manyan ƙwayoyin cuta sun haɗa da kumburi ɗaya ko fiye ko ulce a kan fata. Wannan nau'in lymphoma ba safai ba ne kuma ba shi da fa'ida.

• Tsarin kwayar cutar kwayar halitta mai dauke da anaplastic. Wannan nau'in kwayar cutar kwayar halitta mai dauke da anaplastic tana farawa a cikin kwayar lymph kuma tana iya shafar wasu sassan jiki. Wannan nau'in kwayar cutar ta lymphoma ta fi karfi. Marasa lafiya na iya samun furotin na lymphoma kinase (ALK) masu yawa a cikin ƙwayoyin lymphoma. Waɗannan marasa lafiya suna da kyakkyawar magana fiye da marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su da ƙarin furotin na ALK. Tsarin kwayar cutar kwayar halitta mai saurin yaduwa yafi yaduwa ga yara fiye da manya. (Dubi taƙaitaccen bayanin game da Maganin Lymphoma na Yara ba na Hodgkin don ƙarin bayani ba.)

• Extranodal NK- / T-cell lymphoma. Extranodal NK- / T-cell lymphoma yawanci yana farawa a yankin da ke kusa da hanci. Hakanan yana iya shafar sinadarin paranasal (ramuka a cikin ƙasusuwa a ƙasan hanci), rufin bakin, trachea, fata, ciki, da hanji. Mafi yawan lokuta na extranodal NK- / T-cell lymphoma suna da kwayar Epstein-Barr a cikin ƙwayoyin tumo. Wani lokaci ciwo na hemophagocytic na faruwa (yanayi mai tsanani wanda a ciki akwai masu yawan tarihi da ƙwayoyin T da ke haifar da mummunan kumburi a jiki). Ana buƙatar magani don hana tsarin rigakafi. Wannan nau'in lymphoma ba Hodgkin ba sananne bane a Amurka.

• Lymphomatoid granulomatosis. Lymphomatoid granulomatosis galibi yana shafar huhu. Hakanan yana iya shafar sinadaran paranasal (ɓoye a cikin ƙasusuwan ƙashi a hanci), fata, kodan, da kuma tsarin juyayi na tsakiya. A cikin lymphomatoid granulomatosis, ciwon daji ya mamaye magudanar jini kuma ya kashe nama. Saboda ciwon daji na iya yaɗuwa zuwa cikin kwakwalwa, ana ba da intrathecal chemotherapy ko kuma maganin furewa zuwa kwakwalwa.

• Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma. Wannan nau'in lymphoma ba Hodgkin yana farawa a cikin ƙwayoyin T. Kumburin lymph node alama ce ta gama gari. Sauran alamomin na iya haɗawa da kumburin fata, zazzaɓi, rage nauyi, ko zufar dare mai dumi. Hakanan ƙila akwai matakan gamma globulin (antibodies) a cikin jini. Har ila yau, marasa lafiya na iya samun cututtukan dama saboda tsarin garkuwar jikinsu ya yi rauni.

• T-cell lymphoma na gefe. Kwayar kwayar halitta ta T-cell ta fara ne a cikin manyan kwayar T lymphocytes. Wannan nau'in kwayar lymphocyte na T ya balaga a cikin gwaiwar thymus kuma yana tafiya zuwa wasu shafuka na lymphatic a cikin jiki kamar ƙwayoyin lymph, ƙashin ƙashi, da baƙin ciki. Akwai nau'ikan nau'i uku na kwayar T-cell lymphoma:

• Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma. Wannan nau'in nau'in kwayar T-cell ne wanda yake faruwa galibi a cikin samari. Yana farawa a hanta da saifa kuma ƙwayoyin kansa suna da mai karɓar kwayar T da ake kira gamma / delta a saman tantanin halitta.

• Subcutaneous panniculitis-kamar T-cell lymphoma. Subcutaneous panniculitis-kamar T-cell lymphoma farawa a cikin fata ko mucosa. Yana iya faruwa tare da ciwo na hemophagocytic (wani mummunan yanayi wanda akwai masu yawan tarihin tarihi da ƙwayoyin T waɗanda ke haifar da kumburi mai ƙarfi a cikin jiki). Ana buƙatar magani don hana tsarin rigakafi.

• Cutar kwayar cutar T-cell ta kwayar halitta. Wannan nau'in kwayar T-cell lymphoma yana faruwa a cikin ƙananan hanji na marasa lafiya tare da cututtukan celiac da ba a kula da su ba (amsawar rigakafi ga gluten da ke haifar da rashin abinci mai gina jiki). Magunguna waɗanda aka bincikar su da cutar celiac a lokacin ƙuruciya kuma suna kasancewa akan abinci mara-yalwar abinci ba sa samun ci gaban kwayar cutar T-cell lymphoma.

• Lymphoma babban-kwayar B-intravascular. Wannan nau'in lymphoma ba Hodgkin yana shafar jijiyoyin jini, musamman ma kananan jijiyoyin jini a kwakwalwa, koda, huhu, da fata. Ana haifar da alamu da alamomin babban lymphoma-B na kwayar halitta ta toshewar jijiyoyin jini. An kuma kira shi intramvascular lymphomatosis.

• Burkitt lymphoma.Burkitt lymphoma wani nau'in B-cell ne wanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma wanda yake girma da yaduwa cikin sauri. Zai iya shafar muƙamuƙi, ƙasusuwa na fuska, hanji, kodoji, ƙwai, ko wasu gabobin. Akwai manyan nau'ikan guda uku na kwayar cutar Burkitt (cututtukan zuciya, na yau da kullun, da rashin kariya). Endemic Burkitt lymphoma galibi yana faruwa a Afirka kuma yana da alaƙa da kwayar Epstein-Barr, kuma kwayar cutar Burkitt lymphoma tana faruwa a duk duniya. Rashin lafiyar rashin lafiyar rashin lafiyar Burkitt lymphoma galibi ana ganin ta ga marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da cutar kanjamau. Burkitt lymphoma na iya yaduwa zuwa kwakwalwa da lakar kashin baya kuma za a bayar da magani don hana yaduwar sa. Burkitt lymphoma yana faruwa mafi yawanci a cikin yara da matasa (Dubi taƙaitaccen akan Kula da mpananan yara na Magungunan Lymphoma don ƙarin bayani.) Ana kuma kiran kwayar cutar Burkitt ta yaduwa ƙananan ƙwayoyin lymphoma marasa ƙwayar cuta.

• Kwayar lymphoblastic. Lymphoma Lymphoblastic na iya farawa a cikin ƙwayoyin T ko ƙwayoyin B, amma yawanci yana farawa ne a cikin ƙwayoyin T. A cikin wannan nau'in lymphoma ba na Hodgkin ba, akwai sinadarin lymphoblast da yawa (ƙwayoyin jinin farin da ba su balaga ba) a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph da thymus gland. Wadannan lymphoblasts na iya yaduwa zuwa wasu wurare a cikin jiki, kamar su kashin kashi, kwakwalwa, da laka. Lymphoma lymphoblastic ya fi dacewa a cikin samari da matasa. Yana da yawa kamar cutar sankarar ƙwayoyin lymphoblastic mai saurin gaske (lymphoblasts galibi ana samun su a cikin ɓacin kashi da jini). (Dubi taƙaitaccen bayanin akan Ciwon Cutar Lymphoblastic Cutar sankarar jini don ƙarin bayani.)

• Ad-T-cell cutar sankarar bargo / lymphoma. T-cell cutar sankarar bargo / lymphoma ta samo asali ne daga kwayar T-cell ta cutar sankarar bargo ɗan adam nau'in 1 (HTLV-1). Alamomin sun hada da raunin kashi da na fata, yawan sinadarin calcium, da lymph nodes, saifa, da hanta wadanda suka fi karfin al'ada.

• Kwayar kwayar halitta ta Mantle cell. Mantle cell lymphoma wani nau'i ne na kwayar B-ba ta Hodgkin ba wanda yawanci ke faruwa a cikin manya ko tsofaffi. Yana farawa ne a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph kuma yana yaɗuwa zuwa baƙin ciki, ƙashin kashin jini, jini, da kuma wani lokacin maƙogwaron ciki, ciki, da hanji. Marasa lafiya tare da kwayar cutar kwayar halitta suna da yawa na furotin da ake kira cyclin-D1 ko wani canjin kwayar halitta a cikin ƙwayoyin lymphoma. A wasu marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su da alamu ko alamomin cutar lymphoma da ke jinkirta fara magani ba ya shafar hangen nesa.

• Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative cuta. Wannan cuta tana faruwa ne ga marasa lafiya waɗanda suka sami zuciya, huhu, hanta, koda, ko dasawa a cikin ƙura kuma suna buƙatar maganin rigakafin rayuwa na tsawon rai. Yawancin rikice-rikice na lymphoproliferative suna tallata ƙwayoyin B kuma suna da kwayar Epstein-Barr a cikin ƙwayoyin. Ana magance cututtukan Lymphoproliferative kamar cutar kansa.

• Gaskiya ta tarihi. Wannan nau'ikan nau'in lymphoma ne wanda ba safai ba, mai saurin tashin hankali. Ba a sani ba ko yana farawa a cikin ƙwayoyin B ko kuma ƙwayoyin T. Ba ya amsa da kyau game da magani tare da daidaitaccen ilimin kimiya.

• Kwayar cutar lymphoma ta farko. Kwayar cutar ta kwayar cutar ta farko tana farawa ne a cikin kwayoyin B wadanda ake samu a wani yanki inda ake samun tarin ruwa mai yawa, kamar su yankunan dake tsakanin rufin huhu da bangon kirji (pleural effusion), jakar kusa da zuciya da zuciya (malalar jijiyoyin jiki), ko a cikin rami na ciki. Yawanci babu wani ƙari wanda za'a iya gani. Wannan nau'in kwayar cutar ta lymphoma galibi tana faruwa ne ga marasa lafiyar da ke ɗauke da kwayar cutar HIV.

• Kwayar plasmablastic. Plasmablastic lymphoma wani nau'in babban kwayar B ne wanda ba Hodgkin ba wanda yake da matukar tashin hankali. Mafi yawancin lokuta ana ganinta a marasa lafiya masu dauke da kwayar cutar HIV.

Yawan tsufa, kasancewa namiji, da kuma rashin karfin garkuwar jiki na iya ƙara haɗarin balagaggun wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma ba.

Duk wani abu da zai kara maka hadarin kamuwa da cuta to ana kiran sa mai hadari. Samun haɗari ba ya nufin cewa za ku kamu da cutar kansa; ba tare da haɗarin abubuwan haɗari ba yana nufin cewa ba zaku sami cutar kansa ba. Yi magana da likitanka idan kuna tsammanin kuna iya fuskantar haɗari.

Wadannan da sauran abubuwan haɗarin na iya ƙara haɗarin wasu nau'ikan balagaggun ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma ba:

• Da tsufa, namiji, ko fari.

• Samun ɗayan ɗayan yanayin kiwon lafiya masu zuwa wanda ke raunana garkuwar jiki:

• Ciwon rigakafi da aka gada (kamar su hypogammaglobulinemia ko cuta ta Wiskott-Aldrich).

• Cutar rashin lafiyar jiki (kamar cututtukan zuciya na rheumatoid, psoriasis, ko ciwo na Sjögren).

• HIV / AIDs.

• Nau'in T-lymphotrophic virus na I ko na kwayar cutar Epstein-Barr.

• Cutar Helicobacter pylori.

• Shan magungunan rigakafin rigakafi bayan dashen wani gabobi.

Alamomi da alamun cutar lymphoma ba ta Hodgkin ba sun hada da kumburin lymph, zazzabi, zufa mai zafin dare, rage nauyi, da kasala.

Wadannan alamomi da alamomin na iya haifar da kwayar cutar lymphoma ba ta Hodgkin ba ko ta wasu yanayi. Duba tare da likitanka idan kuna da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Kumburawa a cikin kumburin lymph a cikin wuya, maras kyau, makwancin gwaiwa, ko ciki.

• Zazzabi ba tare da sananne dalili ba.

• Zafin zufa na dare.

• Jin kasala sosai.

• Rashin nauyi ba tare da wani dalili da aka sani ba.

• Fushin fata ko fata mai kaushi.

• Jin zafi a kirji, ciki, ko ƙashi ba tare da sanin dalili ba.

• Lokacin da zazzabi, zufa mai dumi na dare, da rashi nauyi suka faru tare, ana kiran wannan rukuni na alamun cutar B.

Sauran alamu da alamomi na tsofaffin ƙwayoyin lymphoma ba Hodgkin na iya faruwa kuma sun dogara da masu zuwa:

• Inda ciwon daji yake a jiki.

• Girman kumburin.

• Yaya saurin ciwon ƙari.

Gwaje-gwajen da ke bincikar tsarin lymph da sauran sassan jiki ana amfani da su don taimakawa wajen tantancewa da kuma gabatar da balagaggun wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma ba.

Za a iya amfani da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da hanyoyin:

• Jarabawa ta jiki da tarihin lafiya: Jarabawa ta jiki don bincika alamomin lafiya gaba ɗaya, gami da bincika alamun cuta, kamar kumburi ko wani abu da kamar baƙon abu. Za a kuma ɗauki tarihin lafiyar mai haƙuri, gami da zazzaɓi, zufar dare, da raunin nauyi, halaye na kiwon lafiya, da cututtukan da suka gabata da magunguna.

• Cikakken ƙidayar jini (CBC): Hanyar da za'a zana samfurin jini kuma a bincika ta mai zuwa:

• Adadin jajayen ƙwayoyin jini, fararen ƙwayoyin jini, da platelets.

• Adadin haemoglobin (furotin da ke ɗauke da iskar oxygen) a cikin ƙwayoyin jinin jini.

• Yankin samfurin ya kunshi jajayen ƙwayoyin jini.

Kammala lissafin jini (CBC). Ana tattara jini ta hanyar sanya allura a cikin jijiya da kuma barin jini ya kwarara cikin bututu. Ana aika samfurin jini zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje kuma ana kidaya ƙwayoyin jinin jini, fararen ƙwayoyin jini, da kuma platelets. Ana amfani da CBC don gwadawa, gano asali, da kuma lura da yanayi daban-daban.

• Nazarin ilimin sunadarai na jini: Hanya ce wacce ake bincikar samfurin jini don auna adadin wasu abubuwa da aka saki a cikin jini ta gabobi da kayan aiki a jiki. Adadin abu na yau da kullun (mafi girma ko ƙasa da al'ada) na iya zama alamar cuta.

• Gwajin LDH: Hanya ce wacce ake bincika samfurin jini don auna adadin lactic dehydrogenase. Yawan LDH a cikin jini na iya zama alamar lalacewar nama, lymphoma, ko wasu cututtuka.

• Hepatitis B da gwajin hepatitis C: Hanya ce wacce ake bincika samfurin jini don auna yawan antigens na musamman na hepatitis B da / ko ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma yawan ƙwayoyin cutar ta hepatitis C. Wadannan antigens ko antibodies ana kiran su alamomi. Ana amfani da alamomi daban daban ko haɗuwa da alamomi don tantance ko mai haƙuri yana da cutar hepatitis B ko C, ya riga ya kamu da cuta ko riga-kafi, ko kuma mai saukin kamuwa da cutar. Marasa lafiya waɗanda aka ba su magani don cutar hepatitis B a baya suna buƙatar ci gaba da kulawa don bincika ko ya sake aiki. Sanin ko mutum yana da ciwon hanta na B ko C na iya taimakawa wajen shirya magani.

• Gwajin HIV: Gwaji don auna matakin kwayar cutar HIV a cikin samfurin jini. Ana yin maganin rigakafin jiki yayin da wani abu daga waje ya mamaye ta. Babban matakin kwayar cutar kanjamau na iya nufin jiki ya kamu da HIV.

• CT scan (CAT scan): Hanya ce wacce ke yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, kamar wuya, kirji, ciki, ƙashin ƙugu, da kumburin lymph, waɗanda aka ɗauka daga kusurwa daban-daban. Ana yin hotunan ne ta wata kwamfuta da aka haɗa ta da na'urar da ke ɗauke da x-ray. Ana iya yin allurar fenti a cikin jijiya ko haɗiye don taimakawa gabobin ko kyallen takarda su fito fili karara. Wannan hanya ana kiranta yanayin ƙididdigar lissafi, ƙirar kwamfuta, ko ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar kwamfuta.

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): Hanya ce don gano ƙwayoyin cuta masu illa a jiki. An sanya ƙwayar glucose mai ƙarancin rediyo (sukari) a cikin jijiya. Na'urar daukar hoton PET tana juyawa a jiki kuma tana yin hoto inda ake amfani da glucose a jiki. Kwayoyin cuta masu illa suna nuna haske a hoton saboda suna aiki kuma suna ɗaukar glucose fiye da ƙwayoyin al'ada.

• Burin kasusuwan kasusuwa da biopsy: Cire kasusuwan kasusuwa da wani dan karamin kashi ta hanyar sanya allura a cikin kashin hanji ko kashin mama Wani masanin ilimin cututtukan fata yana kallon kasusuwan kasusuwa da ƙashi a ƙarƙashin microscope don neman alamun cutar kansa.

Burin kasusuwa da biopsy. Bayan an lasafta wani karamin yanki na fata, ana saka allurar kasusuwa ta kashin a cikin kashin hancin mara lafiyar. Ana cire samfurorin jini, kashi, da kashin nama don bincike a karkashin wani madubin likita.

• Lymph node biopsy: Cire duka ko ɓangaren kumburin lymph. Wani masanin ilimin ɗan adam ya kalli nama a ƙarƙashin madubin likita don bincika ƙwayoyin kansa. Ofaya daga cikin nau'ikan biopsies na iya yi:

• Excisional biopsy: Cire dukkanin kumburin lymph.

• Gwajin halittar jikinka: Cire wani bangare na kumburin lymph.

• Core biopsy: Cire ɓangaren wani ƙwayar kumburi ta amfani da babban allura.

Idan an sami kansar, ana iya yin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa don nazarin ƙwayoyin kansar:

• Immunohistochemistry: Gwajin gwaje-gwaje wanda ke amfani da kwayoyin cuta don bincika wasu antigens (alamomi) a cikin samfurin jikin mai haƙuri. Magungunan rigakafi yawanci suna da alaƙa da enzyme ko fenti mai kyalli. Bayan kwayoyin sun kunshi wani takamaiman antigen a cikin samfurin, sai a kunna enzyme ko rini, sannan za a iya ganin antigen a karkashin wani madubin likita. Ana amfani da irin wannan gwajin don taimakawa wajen gano kansar da kuma taimakawa gaya ga wani nau'in cutar kansa daga wani nau'in cutar kansa.

• Nazarin Cytogenetic: Gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje wanda aka kirga chromosomes na kwayoyi a cikin samfurin jini ko jiji da kashi don bincika kowane canje-canje, kamar karye, ɓacewa, sake gyarawa, ko ƙarin ƙwanƙwanni. Canje-canje a cikin wasu chromosomes na iya zama alamar cutar kansa. Ana amfani da nazarin Cytogenetic don taimakawa gano cutar kansa, shirya magani, ko gano yadda magani ke aiki.

• Immunophenotyping: Gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje da ke amfani da kwayoyin cuta don gano kwayoyin cutar kansar dangane da nau'ikan antigens ko alamomi a saman sel. Ana amfani da wannan gwajin don taimakawa wajen tantance takamaiman nau'in lymphoma.

• KIFI (haske a cikin yanayin haɗuwa): Gwajin gwaje-gwaje da ake amfani dashi don kallo da ƙididdigar kwayoyin halitta ko chromosomes a cikin ƙwayoyin halitta da kyallen takarda. Ana yin sassan DNA wanda ke ɗauke da launuka masu kyalli a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje kuma an ƙara su zuwa samfurin ƙwayoyin marasa lafiya ko kyallen takarda. Lokacin da wadannan sassan jikin DNA din da aka rina suka hade da wasu kwayoyin halittu ko bangarorin chromosomes a cikin samfurin, suna haskakawa idan aka kalleshi a karkashin madubin hangen nesa. Ana amfani da gwajin FISH don taimakawa wajen gano kansar da kuma taimakawa shirya magani.

Sauran gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin ana iya yin su dangane da alamomi da alamun da aka gani da kuma inda ciwon kansa yake a jiki.

Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Hanyoyin hangen nesa da zaɓuɓɓukan magani sun dogara da masu zuwa:

• Alamun mara lafiya da alamomin, gami da cewa ko suna da alamun B (ko zazzabi ba gaira ba dalili, rage nauyi ba ga wani dalili ba, ko zuzugar dare).

• Matakin kansar (girman kansar kansa da kuma ko kansar ta bazu zuwa wasu sassan jiki ko lymph nodes).

• Nau'in lymphoma ba na Hodgkin ba.

• Adadin lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) a cikin jini.

• Ko akwai wasu canje-canje a cikin kwayoyin halittar.

• Mai haƙuri da shekaru, jima'i, da kuma general kiwon lafiya.

• Ko lymphoma ne sabon bincike, ci gaba da girma yayin jiyya, ko ya sake dawowa (dawo).

Ga lymphoma ba Hodgkin a lokacin daukar ciki, zaɓuɓɓukan magani sun dogara da:

• Burin mara lafiya.

• Wanne watanni uku na ciki mai haƙuri ke ciki.

• Ko za'a iya haihuwa da wuri.

Wasu nau'ikan lymphoma ba Hodgkin suna yaduwa da sauri fiye da yadda wasu sukeyi. Yawancin ƙwayoyin lymphomas waɗanda ba Hodgkin waɗanda ke faruwa a lokacin daukar ciki suna da rikici. Jinkirta maganin cutar lymphoma har sai bayan an haifi jariri na iya rage damar mahaifiya ta rayuwa. Ana bada shawarar saurin gaggawa nan da nan, koda lokacin ciki.

Matakai na Nonananan Nonan-Hodgkin Lymphoma

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Bayan an binciko balagaggun wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma ba, ana yin gwaje-gwaje don gano ko kwayoyin cutar kansa sun yadu cikin tsarin kwayar halitta ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

• Ana amfani da matakai masu zuwa don balagagge wanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma:

• Mataki Na

• Mataki na II

• Mataki na III

• Mataki na IV

• Maimaita Balagaggun wadanda ba Hodgkin Lymphoma

• Ana iya tara tarin kwayar cutar da ba ta Hodgkin ta manya don magani ba dangane da ko kansar ba ta da kuzari ko tashin hankali, ko magungunan lymph da ke dauke da cutar suna kusa da juna a cikin jiki, kuma ko an gano sabon ciwon kansa ko kuma ya sake dawowa.

Bayan an binciko balagaggun wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma ba, ana yin gwaje-gwaje don gano ko kwayoyin cutar kansa sun yadu cikin tsarin kwayar halitta ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Hanyar da ake amfani da ita don gano nau'in cutar kansa kuma idan ƙwayoyin kansar sun bazu a cikin tsarin lymph ko kuma zuwa wasu sassan jiki ana kiran sa staging. Bayanin da aka tattara daga tsarin daukar matakan tantance matakin cutar. Yana da mahimmanci a san matakin cutar domin shirya magani. Ana amfani da sakamakon gwaje-gwajen da hanyoyin da aka bi don gano ƙwayoyin cuta wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma ba don taimakawa yanke shawara game da magani.

Hakanan za'a iya amfani da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da hanyoyin a cikin tsarin ɗaukar hoto:

• MRI (hoton maganadisu ) tare da gadolinium: Hanya ce da ke amfani da maganadisu, raƙuman rediyo, da kuma kwamfuta don yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, kamar ƙwaƙwalwa da laka. Ana yiwa wani abu mai suna gadolinium allura a cikin mara lafiyar ta wata jijiya. Gadolinium yana tattarawa a kusa da ƙwayoyin cutar kansa don haka sun ƙara haske a hoton. Wannan hanya ana kiranta kuma ana kiranta hoton maganadisu na maganadisu (NMRI).

• Lumbar puncture: Hanyar da ake amfani da ita don tara ruwa mai ruɓar ciki (CSF) daga sashin kashin baya Ana yin wannan ta sanya allura tsakanin ƙasusuwa biyu a cikin kashin baya da kuma cikin CSF a kewayen ƙashin baya da cire samfurin ruwan. Ana bincikar samfurin CSF a ƙarƙashin microscope don alamun da ke nuna cewa ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa kwakwalwa da laka. Wannan hanyar ana kiranta LP ko taɓar kashin baya.

Lumbar huda Mai haƙuri yana kwance a cikin lankwasawa akan tebur. Bayan an kidaya wani karamin yanki a kasan baya, sai a saka allura ta kashin baya (dogon, siririn sirara) a cikin sashin kasan kashin kashin baya don cire ruwan ciki na kwakwalwa (CSF, wanda aka nuna a shudi). Ana iya aika ruwan zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don gwaji.

Ga mata masu juna biyu masu cutar lymphoma wadanda ba Hodgkin ba, ana amfani da gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin da ke kare jaririn da ba a haifa daga cutarwar radiation ba. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen da hanyoyin sun hada da MRI (ba tare da bambanci ba), hujin lumbar, da duban dan tayi.

Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki. Ciwon daji na iya yadawa ta hanyar nama, tsarin lymph, da jini:

• Nama. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta girma zuwa yankuna na kusa.

• Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya faro ta hanyar shiga cikin ƙwayoyin cuta. Ciwon daji yana bi ta cikin jirgin ruwan lymph zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Jini. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta hanyar shiga cikin jini. Ciwon daji yana bi ta hanyoyin jini zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Ana amfani da matakai masu zuwa don balagagge wanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma:

Mataki Na

Mataki na na girma lymphoma. Ana samun kansa a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph ɗaya ko fiye a cikin ƙungiyar ƙwayoyin lymph ko kuma, a wasu lokuta ba safai ba, ana samun kansar a cikin zobe na Waldeyer, thymus, ko saifa. A cikin matakin IE (ba a nuna ba), ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa yanki ɗaya a waje da tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta.

Mataki na babba wanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma ya kasu kashi-kashi I da IE.

A cikin mataki na I, ana samun kansar a ɗayan waɗannan wurare masu zuwa a cikin tsarin lymph:

• Oraya ko fiye da ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin ƙungiyar ƙwayoyin lymph.

• Zoben Waldeyer.

• Thymus.

• Saifa

A cikin matakin IE, ana samun ciwon daji a wani yanki a waje da tsarin kwayar halitta.

Mataki na II

Matsayi na II wanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma ya kasu kashi biyu cikin II da IIE.

• A mataki na II, ana samun kansar a cikin rukuni biyu ko fiye na ƙwayoyin lymph waɗanda suke ko dai sama da diaphragm ko kuma a ƙasa da diaphragm.

Mataki na biyu lymphoma. Ana samun kansar a cikin rukuni biyu ko fiye na ƙwayoyin lymph waɗanda suke sama da diaphragm ko ƙasa da diaphragm.

• A cikin mataki na IIE, ciwon daji ya bazu daga rukuni na ƙwayoyin lymph zuwa wani yanki na kusa wanda ke waje da tsarin lymph. Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa zuwa sauran rukunin kumburin lymph a gefe guda na diaphragm.

Mataki IIE balagagge. Ciwon daji ya yadu daga rukuni na ƙwayoyin lymph zuwa wani yanki na kusa wanda ke waje da tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta. Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa zuwa sauran rukunin kumburin lymph a gefe guda na diaphragm.

A mataki na II, kalmar babbar cuta tana nufin babban ƙwayar tumo. Girman ƙwayar tumo wanda ake kira da babbar cuta ya bambanta dangane da nau'in lymphoma.

Mataki na III

Mataki na III girma lymphoma. Ana samun kansa a cikin ƙungiyoyin lymph nodes duka sama da ƙasa da diaphragm; ko a cikin ƙungiyar lymph node sama da diaphragm kuma a cikin saifa.

A cikin matakan III wanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma ba, ana samun kansa:

• a cikin ƙungiyoyin lymph nodes duka sama da ƙasa da diaphragm; ko

• a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph a sama da diaphragm kuma a cikin saifa.

Mataki na IV

Mataki na IV girma lymphoma. Ciwon daji (a) ya yadu ko'ina cikin gabobi ɗaya ko fiye a wajen tsarin kwayar halitta; ko (b) ana samunsa a cikin ƙungiyoyi biyu ko fiye na ƙwayoyin lymph waɗanda suke ko dai a sama da diaphragm ko a ƙasa da diaphragm kuma a cikin wani sashin jiki wanda yake wajen tsarin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta kuma ba kusa da ƙwayoyin lymph ba; ko (c) ana samunsa a cikin ƙungiyoyin lymph node sama da diaphragm da ƙasan diaphragm kuma a cikin kowane gabobin da yake waje da tsarin lymph; ko (d) ana samun sa a cikin hanta, da kashin ƙashi, fiye da wuri ɗaya a cikin huhu, ko kuma ruwar sanyin jiki (CSF). Ciwon kansa bai bazu kai tsaye cikin hanta, jijiyar ƙashi, huhu, ko CSF ​​daga ƙwayoyin lymph da ke kusa ba.

A cikin mataki na IV babba wanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma, ciwon daji:

• ya yadu ko'ina cikin ɗaya ko fiye da gabobin a wajen tsarin kwayar halitta; ko

• ana samunsa a cikin rukuni biyu ko fiye na ƙwayoyin lymph waɗanda suke ko dai sama da diaphragm ko a ƙasa da diaphragm kuma a cikin wani sashin jiki wanda yake wajen tsarin ƙwayoyin cuta kuma ba kusa da ƙwayoyin lymph ɗin da abin ya shafa ba; ko

• ana samunsa a rukunin lymph nodes duka sama da ƙasa da diaphragm kuma a cikin kowane gabobin da yake wajen tsarin kwayar; ko

• ana samun sa a cikin hanta, kashin kashi, sama da wuri daya a cikin huhu, ko kuma kwayar halittar kwakwalwa (CSF). Ciwon kansa bai bazu kai tsaye cikin hanta, jijiyar ƙashi, huhu, ko CSF ​​daga ƙwayoyin lymph da ke kusa ba.

Maimaita Balagaggun wadanda ba Hodgkin Lymphoma

Yawan balagaggun wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma shine cutar kansa da ta sake dawowa (dawo) bayan an warke ta. Lymphoma na iya dawowa cikin tsarin kwayar halitta ko kuma a wasu sassan jiki. Lymphoma na Indolent na iya dawowa azaman ƙwayar lymphoma. Lymphoma mai zafin rai na iya dawowa kamar lymphoma mara kyau.

Ana iya tara tarin kwayar cutar da ba ta Hodgkin ta manya don magani ba dangane da ko kansar ba ta da kuzari ko tashin hankali, ko magungunan lymph da ke dauke da cutar suna kusa da juna a cikin jiki, kuma ko an gano sabon ciwon kansa ko kuma ya sake dawowa.

Dubi Babban Bayanin Bayani don ƙarin bayani game da nau'ikan indolent (mai saurin girma) da tashin hankali (saurin-girma) ba-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Hakanan za'a iya bayyana lymphoma ba-Hodgkin a matsayin mai haɗuwa ko mai haɗuwa:

• Kwayoyin cuta masu rikida: Lymphomas wanda lymph nodes tare da ciwon daji suna kusa da juna.

• Kwayoyin cutar da ba a san su ba: Lymphomas wanda ƙwayoyin lymph tare da ciwon daji ba su kusa da juna, amma suna gefe ɗaya na diaphragm.

Bayanin Zaɓin Jiyya

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Akwai nau'ikan magani iri daban-daban ga marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar lymphoma wadanda ba Hodgkin ba.

• Marasa lafiya tare da non-Hodgkin lymphoma ya kamata a shirya maganin su ta ƙungiyar masu ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya waɗanda ƙwararru ne a jiyya

• lymphomas.

• Jiyya don balagaggun wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa.

• Radiation far

• Chemotherapy

• Immunotherapy

• Ciwon da aka yi niyya

• Plasmapheresis

• Jiran jira

• Maganin rigakafi

• Tiyata

• Dasawar dasa kara

• Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

• Maganin rigakafi

• Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

• Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

• Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Akwai nau'ikan magani iri daban-daban ga marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar lymphoma wadanda ba Hodgkin ba.

Akwai nau'ikan magani daban-daban ga marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar lymphoma ba ta Hodgkin ba. Wasu jiyya suna daidaito (magani da ake amfani dashi yanzu), kuma wasu ana gwada su a gwajin asibiti. Gwajin gwajin magani shine binciken bincike wanda aka tsara don taimakawa inganta ingantattun jiyya na yanzu ko samun bayanai kan sababbin jiyya ga marasa lafiya da ciwon daji. Lokacin da gwaji na asibiti ya nuna cewa sabon magani ya fi magani na yau da kullun, sabon magani na iya zama daidaitaccen magani. Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti. Wasu gwaji na asibiti ana buɗe su ne kawai ga marasa lafiyar da basu fara magani ba.

Ga mata masu juna biyu waɗanda ke da ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma ba, ana zaɓar magani a hankali don kare jaririn da ke cikin. Shawarwarin magancewa sun dogara ne da buƙatun mahaifiya, matakin ƙwayar lymphoma ba Hodgkin, da shekarun jaririn da ba a haifa ba. Tsarin jiyya na iya canzawa yayin alamu da alamomin, ciwon daji, da canjin ciki. Zaɓin mafi dacewa maganin cutar kansa shine yanke shawara wanda ya dace da haƙuri, iyali, da ƙungiyar kiwon lafiya.

Marasa lafiya tare da wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma ya kamata a shirya maganin su ta hanyar ƙungiyar masu ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya waɗanda ƙwararru ne wajen kula da ƙwayar lymphomas.

Kulawa zai kasance daga likitan ilimin likitan kan, likitan da ya kware kan kula da cutar kansa, ko likitan jini, likita wanda ya kware wajen kula da cutar kansa. Masanin ilimin likita na likita na iya tura ka zuwa wasu masu ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya waɗanda ke da ƙwarewa kuma ƙwararru ne wajen kula da manya-manya waɗanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma kuma waɗanda suka kware a wasu fannonin magani. Wadannan na iya hada da kwararru masu zuwa:

• Neurosurgeon.

• Neurologist.

• Radiation oncologist

• Masanin ilimin likita.

• Gwanayen gyarawa.

• Sauran kwararrun likitocin kanko.

Jiyya don balagaggun wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa.

Don bayani game da illolin da ke farawa yayin magani don cutar kansa, duba shafin Gurbinmu.

Hanyoyi masu illa daga maganin ciwon daji wanda zai fara bayan jiyya kuma ya ci gaba tsawon watanni ko shekaru ana kiransa sakamako na ƙarshe. Jiyya tare da chemotherapy, radiation radiation, ko dashen dashen ƙwayoyin cuta don lymphoma ba na Hodgkin na iya ƙara haɗarin sakamakon ƙarshe.

Sakamakon sakamako na maganin kansa na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Matsalar zuciya.

• Rashin haihuwa (rashin iya haihuwa).

• Rashin yawan kashi.

• Neuropathy (lalacewar jijiyoyin da ke haifar da rauni ko matsalar tafiya).

• Ciwon daji na biyu, kamar:

• Ciwon huhu.

• Ciwon kwakwalwa.

• Ciwon koda.

• Ciwon daji na mafitsara.

• Melanoma.

• Hodgkin lymphoma.

• Ciwan Myelodysplastic.

• Myeloid cutar sankarar bargo

Wasu maganganun ƙarshen ana iya magance su ko sarrafa su. Yana da mahimmanci a yi magana da likitanka game da tasirin da cutar sankara ke iya yi a kan ku. Bin-lokaci akai-akai don bincika ƙarshen tasirin yana da mahimmanci.

Ana amfani da nau'ikan daidaitaccen magani guda tara:

Radiation far

Radiation therapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda yake amfani da hasken rana mai ƙarfi ko wasu nau'ikan radiation don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa ko hana su girma.

Magungunan radiation na waje yana amfani da wata na'ura a wajen jiki don aika jujjuyawar zuwa jikin jiki da cutar kansa. Wani lokaci ana ba da hasken iska gaba daya kafin dasawar kwayar halitta.

Proton beam radiation therapy yana amfani da rafuka na proton (ƙananan ƙwayoyi tare da caji mai kyau) don kashe ƙwayoyin tumo. Irin wannan maganin na iya rage yawan lalacewar radiation ga lafiyayyen nama kusa da ƙari, kamar zuciya ko nono.

Ana amfani da maganin radiation na waje don kula da balagaggun wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma ba, kuma ana iya amfani dashi azaman maganin jinƙai don magance alamomi da haɓaka ƙimar rayuwa.

Ga mace mai ciki da ba ta Hodgkin lymphoma ba, ya kamata a ba da magani na radiation bayan haihuwa, idan za ta yiwu, don kauce wa haɗari ga jaririn da ba a haifa ba. Idan ana buƙatar magani nan da nan, matar na iya yanke shawarar ci gaba da ɗaukar ciki kuma ta karɓi raunin fitila. Ana amfani da garkuwar gubar don rufe ciki mai ciki don taimakawa kare jaririn da ke ciki daga haskakawa kamar yadda ya kamata.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda ke amfani da magunguna don dakatar da haɓakar ƙwayoyin kansa, ko dai ta hanyar kashe ƙwayoyin ko ta hana su rarraba. Lokacin da ake shan chemotherapy ta baki ko allura a cikin jijiya ko tsoka, magungunan suna shiga cikin jini kuma zasu iya kaiwa ga kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin jiki duka (systemotherapy chemotherapy). Lokacin da aka sanya chemotherapy kai tsaye zuwa cikin ruwa mai ruɓaɓɓen ciki (intrathecal chemotherapy), wani sashin jiki, ko rami na jiki kamar ciki, magungunan yawanci suna shafar ƙwayoyin cutar kansa a waɗancan yankuna (yankin yanki). Haɗuwa da cutar sankara ta hanyar magani ta amfani da magunguna biyu ko sama da haka. Za a iya ƙara magungunan ƙwayoyi, don rage kumburi da rage amsawar garkuwar jiki.

Ana amfani da haɗin haɗin ƙwayar cuta don magance tsofaffin ƙwayoyin lymphoma ba Hodgkin.

Intrathecal chemotherapy kuma ana iya amfani dashi don maganin lymphoma wanda ya fara samuwa a cikin kwayoyi ko sinus (ƙananan wurare) a kusa da hanci, yada babban kwayar B-cell, Burkitt lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma, da wasu ƙananan ƙwayoyin T-cell. An bayar da shi ne don rage damar da ƙwayoyin lymphoma za su yaɗu zuwa kwakwalwa da laka. Wannan ana kiran sa prophylaxis na CNS.

Intrathecal chemotherapy. Magungunan anticancer ana allurarsu a cikin sararin samaniya, wanda shine sararin da ke riƙe da ruwan sanyin jiki (CSF, wanda aka nuna a shuɗi). Akwai hanyoyi daban-daban guda biyu don yin wannan. Wata hanya, da aka nuna a saman ɓangaren adadi, ita ce a yi amfani da allurar ƙwayoyin a cikin wani tafki na Ommaya (akwati mai kama da dome wanda aka sanya shi a ƙarƙashin fatar kan mutum yayin aikin tiyata; yana riƙe da magungunan yayin da suke shiga ta cikin ƙaramin bututu zuwa cikin kwakwalwa ). Wata hanyar, wanda aka nuna a cikin ɓangaren ƙasa na adadi, shine a yi allurar ƙwayoyi kai tsaye zuwa CSF a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren kashin baya, bayan an lasafta wani ƙaramin yanki a ƙasan baya.

Lokacin da aka kula da mace mai ciki tare da chemotherapy don non-Hodgkin lymphoma, jaririn da ba a haifa ba za a iya kiyaye shi daga fuskantar cutar sankara ba. Wasu ka'idoji na chemotherapy na iya haifar da lahani na haihuwa idan aka ba su a farkon farkon watanni uku.

Duba Magungunan da aka Amince da Lymphoma ba Hodgkin don ƙarin bayani.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy magani ne wanda ke amfani da garkuwar jikin mara lafiya don yaƙar kansa. Abubuwan da jiki ya yi ko aka yi a dakin gwaje-gwaje ana amfani da su don haɓaka, kai tsaye, ko maido da kariya ta jiki daga cutar kansa. Immunomodulators da CAR T-cell far sune nau'ikan immunotherapy.

• Immunomodulators: Lenalidomide sigar immunomodulator ne da ake amfani dashi don kula da balagaggun wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma ba.

• CAR T-cell therapy: Ana canza ƙwayoyin T mai haƙuri (wani nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta ne) don haka zasu afkawa wasu sunadarai akan ƙwayoyin kansa. Ana ɗaukar ƙwayoyin T daga mai haƙuri kuma an ƙara masu karɓa na musamman zuwa saman su a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Sel ɗin da aka canza ana kiran su ƙwayoyin chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T. Kwayoyin CAR T suna girma a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje kuma ana ba mai haƙuri ta hanyar jiko. Kwayoyin CAR T suna ninka cikin jinin mai haƙuri kuma suna kai wa ƙwayoyin kansa hari. CAR T-cell far (kamar su axicabtagene ciloleucel ko tisagenlecleucel) ana amfani dashi don kula da babban lymphoma B-cell wanda bai amsa magani ba.

CAR T-cell far. Wani nau'in magani wanda ake canza ƙwayoyin T mai haƙuri (wani nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta na rigakafi) a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje don haka zasu haɗu da ƙwayoyin kansa kuma su kashe su. Jini daga wata jijiya a hannun mara lafiyan yana gudana ta wani bututu zuwa na’urar apheresis (ba a nuna ba), wanda ke cire fararen ƙwayoyin jinin, gami da ƙwayoyin T, sa’annan ya mai da sauran jinin ga mai haƙuri. Bayan haka, an shigar da kwayar halitta ga mai karba na musamman da ake kira mai karbar sinadarin antim na chimeric (CAR) a cikin kwayoyin T a cikin dakin binciken. Miliyoyin ƙwayoyin CAR T suna girma a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje sannan kuma a ba wa mai haƙuri ta hanyar jiko. Kwayoyin CAR T suna iya ɗaure kan antigen akan ƙwayoyin kansa kuma su kashe su.

Duba Magungunan da aka Amince da Lymphoma ba Hodgkin don ƙarin bayani.

Ciwon da aka yi niyya

Targeted therapy wani nau'in magani ne wanda yake amfani da magunguna ko wasu abubuwa don ganowa da afkawa takamaiman ƙwayoyin cutar kansa ba tare da cutar ƙwayoyin halitta ba. Magungunan rigakafi na monoclonal, maganin hana yaduwar proteasome, da magungunan kinase sune nau'ikan maganin da aka yi niyya don kula da balagaggun marasa Hodgkin lymphoma.

Magungunan antibody na Monoclonal magani ne na ciwon daji wanda ke amfani da kwayar cutar da aka yi a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje daga nau'in kwayar halitta guda ɗaya. Wadannan kwayoyin cuta na jikin mutum na iya gano abubuwan da ke jikin kwayoyin cutar kansar ko kuma wasu abubuwa na yau da kullun wadanda zasu iya taimakawa kwayoyin cutar kansa. Kwayoyin rigakafin suna haɗuwa da abubuwan kuma suna kashe ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, toshe haɓakar su, ko kiyaye su daga yaɗuwa. Ana iya amfani da su su kaɗai ko ɗaukar ƙwayoyi, gubobi, ko kayan aikin rediyo kai tsaye zuwa ƙwayoyin kansa. Ana ba da ƙwayoyin cuta na Monoclonal ta hanyar jiko.

Nau'o'in cututtukan kwayoyin cuta sun hada da:

• Rituximab, ana amfani dashi don magance yawancin nau'ikan lymphoma ba Hodgkin.

• Obinutuzumab, ana amfani dashi don magance lymphoma follicular.

• Brentuximab vedotin, wanda ke dauke da sinadarin monoclonal wanda ke hade da furotin da ake kira CD30 wanda ake samu akan wasu kwayoyin lymphoma. Hakanan yana ƙunshe da maganin kansar wanda zai iya taimakawa kashe ƙwayoyin kansa.

• Yttrium Y 90-ibritumomab tiuxetan, misali ne na antibody wanda yake da radiolabeled.

Magungunan hanawa na proteasome yana toshe aikin proteasomes a cikin ƙwayoyin kansa. Proteasomes suna cire sunadaran da kwayar halitta take buƙata. Lokacin da aka toshe proteasomes, sunadaran suna ginawa a cikin tantanin halitta kuma yana iya haifar da kwayar cutar kansa ta mutu. Ana amfani da Bortezomib don rage yawan immunoglobulin M da yake cikin jini bayan maganin kansa don lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma. Hakanan ana nazarinsa don magance ƙwayar lymphoma ta ruɓaɓɓen rigar jini.

Kinase inhibitor far ya toshe wasu sunadarai, wanda na iya taimakawa kiyaye ƙwayoyin lymphoma daga girma kuma zai iya kashe su. Hanyoyin kwantar da hankali ta Kinase sun haɗa da:

• Copanlisib, idelalisib, da duvelisib, waɗanda ke toshe furotin na P13K kuma suna iya taimakawa kiyaye ƙwayoyin lymphoma daga girma. Ana amfani da su don magance ƙwayoyin cuta wadanda ba Hodgkin waɗanda suka sake dawowa (dawowa) ko basu sami sauki ba bayan jiyya tare da aƙalla wasu hanyoyin kwantar da hankali guda biyu.

• Ibrutinib da acalabrutinib, nau'ikan maganin rigakafin cutar Bruton tyrosine kinase. Ana amfani da su don magance lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma da mantsel cell lymphoma.

Hakanan za'a iya amfani da Venetoclax don magance lymphoma cell alkyabbar. Yana toshe aikin wani furotin da ake kira B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) kuma yana iya taimakawa kashe ƙwayoyin kansa.

Duba Magungunan da aka Amince da Lymphoma ba Hodgkin don ƙarin bayani.

Plasmapheresis

Idan jini ya zama mai kauri tare da karin sunadaran antibody kuma yana shafar wurare dabam dabam, ana yin plasmapheresis don cire karin plasma da sunadaran antibody daga jini. A wannan aikin, ana cire jini daga majiyyacin kuma a aika ta wata na’ura da ta raba jini (ɓangaren jini na jini) da ƙwayoyin jinin. Plasma na mai haƙuri ya ƙunshi ƙwayoyin cuta da ba a bukata kuma ba a mayar da shi ga mai haƙuri. Ana dawo da kwayoyin jinin al'ada zuwa jini tare da gudummawar jini ko maye gurbin plasma. Plasmapheresis baya kiyaye sabbin kwayoyin cuta daga samuwar su.

Jiran jira

Tsayawa a hankali yana lura da yanayin mai haƙuri ba tare da ba da wani magani ba har sai alamu ko alamu sun bayyana ko canzawa.

Maganin rigakafi

Magungunan rigakafi magani ne wanda ke amfani da kwayoyi don magance cututtuka da kansar da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.

Duba Magungunan da aka Amince da Lymphoma ba Hodgkin don ƙarin bayani.

Tiyata

Ana iya amfani da tiyata don cire lymphoma a cikin wasu marasa lafiya tare da laulayi ko zafin rai wanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma ba.

Nau'in tiyatar da aka yi amfani da ita ya dogara da inda kwayar cutar ta kwayar halitta ta samar a jiki:

• Yankewar gida don wasu marasa lafiya tare da kwayar cutar lymphoid mai alaƙa (MALT) lymphoma, PTLD, da ƙananan ƙwayoyin T-cell lymphoma.

• Splenectomy ga marasa lafiya tare da yankin lymphoma na gefe.

Marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da zuciya, huhu, hanta, koda, ko dasawa na yawanci yawanci suna buƙatar shan ƙwayoyi don hana garkuwar jikinsu har tsawon rayuwarsu. Rigakafin rigakafin rigakafi na dogon lokaci bayan dasawa da gabobin jiki na iya haifar da wani nau'in kwayar cutar lymphoma da ba Hodgkin ba da ake kira cututtukan kwayar cutar bayan fure (PLTD).

Surgeryananan aikin tiyata ana buƙata sau da yawa don bincika cutar celiac a cikin manya waɗanda suka ci gaba da nau'in T-cell lymphoma.

Dasawar dasa kara

Dasawar sel wata hanya ce ta bayar da allurai masu yawan gaske na chemotherapy da / ko sakawa a jiki baki daya sannan maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta masu jini wanda cutar kansa ta lalata. Ana cire ƙwayoyin kara (ƙwayoyin jinin da basu balaga ba) daga jini ko ƙashin kashin majiyyaci (dasawar autologous) ko mai ba da gudummawa (dashen dashen allogeneic) kuma a daskarar da shi kuma a adana shi. Bayan an gama amfani da chemotherapy da / ko radiation radiation, ana narke ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin da aka adana kuma a mayar dasu ga mai haƙuri ta hanyar jiko. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin magungunan za a ɗibar

Dasawar dasa kara (Mataki na 1): Ana ɗaukar jini daga jijiya a hannun mai bayarwa. Mai haƙuri ko wani mutum na iya zama mai ba da gudummawa. Jinin yana gudana ta cikin injin da ke cire ƙwayoyin sel. Sannan jinin yana dawowa ga mai bayarwa ta wata jijiya a daya hannun. (Mataki 2): Mai haƙuri yana karɓar magani don kashe ƙwayoyin halitta. Mai haƙuri na iya karɓar maganin radiation (ba a nuna ba). (Mataki na 3): Mai haƙuri yana karɓar ƙwayoyin sel ta hanyar catheter da aka sanya a cikin jijiyoyin jini a cikin kirji.

Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

Wannan ɓangaren taƙaitaccen bayani yana bayanin jiyya waɗanda ake nazarin su a gwajin asibiti. Yana iya ba ambaci kowane sabon magani ana nazarin. Ana samun bayani game da gwaji na asibiti daga gidan yanar gizon NCI.

Maganin rigakafi

Maganin riga-kafi magani ne na ciwon daji wanda ke amfani da wani abu ko rukuni na abubuwa don haɓaka ƙwayoyin cuta don gano ƙwayar cuta da kashe shi.

Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

Ga wasu marasa lafiya, shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya zama mafi kyawun zaɓin magani. Gwajin gwaji wani bangare ne na aikin binciken cutar kansa. Ana yin gwaje-gwajen asibiti don gano ko sabbin maganin cutar daji suna da lafiya da tasiri ko kuma sun fi magani na yau da kullun.

Yawancin yau da kullun na yau da kullun don cutar kansa sun dogara ne akan gwajin asibiti na farko. Marasa lafiya da ke cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya karɓar daidaitaccen magani ko kuma su kasance cikin farkon waɗanda za su karɓi sabon magani.

Marasa lafiya da ke shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti suma suna taimakawa inganta hanyar da za a bi da kansar a nan gaba. Koda lokacin gwajin asibiti bai haifar da sababbin magunguna ba, sau da yawa sukan amsa mahimman tambayoyi kuma suna taimakawa ci gaba da bincike gaba.

Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

Wasu gwaji na asibiti kawai sun haɗa da marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su sami magani ba tukuna. Sauran gwaje-gwajen suna gwada jiyya ga marasa lafiya waɗanda cutar kansa ba ta samu sauki ba. Hakanan akwai gwaji na asibiti da ke gwada sabbin hanyoyin dakatar da cutar kansa daga sake dawowa (dawowa) ko rage tasirin maganin kansar.

Gwajin gwaji na gudana a sassa da yawa na ƙasar. Bayani game da gwajin asibiti wanda NCI ke tallafawa ana iya samun shi akan shafin binciken gwaji na NCI. Ana iya samun gwajin gwaji na asibiti wanda wasu kungiyoyi ke tallafawa akan gidan yanar gizon ClinicalTrials.gov.

Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Za a iya maimaita wasu gwaje-gwajen da aka yi don gano cutar kansa ko don gano matakin cutar kansa. Za a maimaita wasu gwaje-gwaje don ganin yadda magani ke aiki. Shawarwari game da ci gaba, canji, ko dakatar da magani na iya dogara ne da sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.

Wasu daga cikin gwaje-gwajen za a ci gaba da yi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci bayan an gama jiyya. Sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya nuna idan yanayin ku ya canza ko kuma idan kansar ta sake dawowa (dawo). Wadannan gwaje-gwajen wasu lokuta ana kiran su gwaje-gwaje na gaba ko dubawa.

Jiyya na mpananan -ananan Hodgkin Lymphoma

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Jiyya na indolent mataki na da indolent, rikice-rikice mataki na II ba na Hodgkin lymphoma na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Radiation far.
• Magungunan rigakafi na Monoclonal (rituximab) da / ko chemotherapy.
• Jiran jira.

Idan ƙari ya yi yawa da za a iya amfani da shi ta hanyar maganin fuka-fuka, za a yi amfani da zaɓuɓɓukan magani don rashin ƙarfi, ba mataki ba II, III, ko IV manya waɗanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma.

Jiyya na rashin ƙarfi, ba matsala a mataki na II, III, ko IV wanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Fulararrawa jiran marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su da alamu ko alamu.

• Monoclonal antibody far (rituximab) tare da ko ba tare da chemotherapy.

• Kulawa da kulawa tare da rituximab.

• Magungunan rigakafi na Monoclonal (obinutuzumab).

• PI3K maganin hanawa (copanlisib, idelalisib, ko duvelisib).

• Lenalidomide da rituximab.

• Radiolabeled maganin cutar kanjamau.

• Gwajin gwaji na babban maganin cutar shan magani tare da ko ba tare da sanyaya a jiki ba ko kuma maganin rigakafi na monoclonal,

• autologous ko allogeneic kara cell dashi.

• Gwajin gwaji na ilimin kimiya tare da ko ba tare da maganin alurar rigakafi ba.

• Gwajin gwaji na sababbin nau'o'in kwayoyin cuta na monoclonal.

• Gwajin gwaji na maganin radiation wanda ya haɗa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin lymph, don marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da cutar mataki na III.

• Gwajin gwaji na ƙananan ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, don taimakawa bayyanar cututtuka da haɓaka ƙimar rayuwa.

Sauran jiyya don ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma sun dogara da nau'in lymphoma ba Hodgkin. Jiyya na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Don lymphoma na follicular, magani na iya kasancewa a cikin gwajin asibiti na sabon maganin rigakafi na monoclonal, sabon tsarin chemotherapy, ko kara

dasawar kwaya

• Don kwayar cutar kwayar cutar da ta koma baya (ko dawowa) ko kuma ba ta sami sauki ba bayan jiyya, magani na iya haɗawa da mai hana PI3K

(copanlisib, idelalisib, ko duvelisib).

• Don lymphomalasmacytic lymphoma, Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor far da / ko plasmapheresis ko maganin hanawa na proteasome (idan an buƙata

don yin sirancin jini) ana amfani da shi. Sauran jiyya waɗanda suke kamar waɗanda aka yi amfani da su don kwayar cutar kwayar cutar ta kwayar cutar za a iya ba su.

• Don ƙwayar ƙwayar lymphoid mai hade da ƙwayoyin cuta (MALT) lymphoma, maganin rigakafi don magance cutar Helicobacter pylori ana ba da farko.

Ga ciwace-ciwacen da ba su amsa maganin maganin rigakafi, magani shi ne maganin fuka, tiyata, ko rituximab tare da ko ba tare da ilimin kimiya ba.

• Don ƙwayar lymphoma ta MALT mai ƙyamar ido da Rum ta ciki, ana amfani da maganin rigakafi don magance kamuwa da cuta.

• Don ƙwayar lymphoma na yanki mai tsattsauran ra'ayi, rituximab tare da ko ba tare da chemotherapy ba kuma ana amfani da maganin karɓar mai karɓar B a matsayin magani na farko. Idan ƙari bai amsa ga magani ba, ana iya yin splenectomy.

Jiyya na Lymphoma mai saurin tashin hankali

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Jiyya na mummunan mataki na I da tashin hankali, rikice-rikice mataki na II wanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Magungunan rigakafi na Monoclonal (rituximab) da haɗuwa da ƙwayar cuta. Wani lokaci ana ba da magungunan radiation daga baya.

• Gwajin gwaji na sabon tsari na maganin rigakafi na monoclonal da hadewar magani.

Jiyya na tashin hankali, ba matsala ba II, III, ko IV tsofaffi wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Monoclonal antibody far (rituximab) tare da hade chemotherapy.

• Hade chemotherapy.

• Gwajin gwaji na maganin cutar kanjamau tare da hadewar chemotherapy wanda aka biyo baya ta hanyar radiation.

Sauran jiyya sun dogara da nau'in cutar lymphoma ba Hodgkin ba. Jiyya na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Don ƙwararrun ƙwayoyin cuta na NK- / T-cell, maganin wutan lantarki wanda za'a iya bayarwa kafin, yayin, ko bayan chemotherapy da CNS prophylaxis.

• Don kwayar cutar kwayar halitta ta jikin mutum, maganin cutar kankara na monoclonal tare da hadewar hadewar jiki, sannan dasawar kwayar halitta ta biyo baya. Za a iya ba da maganin kanjamau na Monoclonal daga baya a matsayin maganin kiyayewa (magani da ake bayarwa bayan farkewar farko don taimakawa kiyaye kansar daga dawowa).

• Don cutar lymphoproliferative posttransplantation, magani tare da ƙwayoyin rigakafi na iya dakatarwa. Idan wannan ba ya aiki ko ba za a iya yi ba, za a iya ba da maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta shi kaɗai ko kuma tare da maganin ƙwaƙwalwa. Don ciwon daji wanda bai bazu ba, ana iya amfani da tiyata don cire kansar ko kuma maganin fitila.

• Don lymphoma plasmablastic, jiyya suna kama da waɗanda ake amfani da su don lymphoma lymphoma na lymphoblastic ko Burkitt lymphoma.

Don bayani game da maganin lymphoblastic lymphoma, duba Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don Lymphoma na Lymphoblastic da kuma bayani game da maganin Burkitt lymphoma, duba Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don Burkitt Lymphoma.

Jiyya na Lymphoblastic Lymphoma

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Jiyya na lymphoblastic lymphoma na manya na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Haɗakar chemotherapy da CNS prophylaxis. Wani lokaci kuma ana ba da magungunan fitila don taƙure babban ƙari.

• Anyi niyya tare da wani mai cutar monoclonal shi kaɗai (rituximab) ko haɗe shi tare da maganin hana maganin kinase (ibrutinib).

• Gwajin gwaji na dasawar kwayar halitta bayan farawar farko.

Jiyya na Burkitt Lymphoma

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Yin jiyya na babban burkitt lymphoma na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Hade chemotherapy tare ko ba tare da monoclonal antibody far.

• Tsarin CNS.

Jiyya na Maimaita Ciwon Hodgkin Lymphoma

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Jiyya na indolent, mai saurin girma wanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Chemotherapy tare da ɗaya ko fiye da kwayoyi.

• Magungunan rigakafi na Monoclonal (rituximab ko obinutuzumab).

• Lenalidomide.

• Radiolabeled maganin cutar kanjamau.

• Radiation therapy as palliative far don taimakawa bayyanar cututtuka da haɓaka ƙimar rayuwa.

• Gwajin gwaji na daskararren kwayar halitta ta atomatik.

Jiyya na tashin hankali, mai saurin girma wanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Chemotherapy tare da ko ba tare da dasawa ba.

• Monoclonal antibody far tare da ko ba tare da hade chemotherapy bi ta autologous kara cell dasawa.

• Radiation therapy as palliative far don taimakawa bayyanar cututtuka da haɓaka ƙimar rayuwa.

• Radiolabeled maganin cutar kanjamau.

• CAR T-cell far.

• Don kwayar cutar kwayar halitta ta jiki, magani na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor far.

• Lenalidomide.

• Gwajin gwaji na lenalidomide tare da maganin antibody monoclonal.

• Gwajin gwaji da ke gwada lenalidomide zuwa sauran far.

• Gwajin gwaji na maganin hana yaduwar proteasome (bortezomib).

• Gwajin gwaji game da daskararwar kwayar halitta ta atomatik ko allogeneic.

Yin jiyya na kwayar cutar kwayar cutar da ke dawowa kamar lymphoma mai haɗari ya dogara da nau'in lymphoma ba Hodgkin kuma yana iya haɗawa da maganin fuka-fuka a matsayin maganin kwantar da hankali don magance alamomi da haɓaka ƙimar rayuwa. Jiyya na lymphoma mai saurin tashin hankali wanda ya dawo kamar lymphoma mai lalacewa na iya haɗawa da chemotherapy.

Jiyya na Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Yayin Ciki

A Wannan Sashin

• Lymphoma ba na Hodgkin ba lokacin ciki

• Tashin hankali na Lymphoma ba na Hodgkin ba yayin Ciki

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Lymphoma ba na Hodgkin ba lokacin ciki

Matan da ke da ƙwazo (sannu-sannu) ba kwayar Hodgkin a lokacin daukar ciki za a iya kula da su da kulawa har sai sun haihu. (Duba Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don sectionananan Nonananan Hodananan Hodungiyoyin Lymphoma don ƙarin bayani.)

Tashin hankali na Lymphoma ba na Hodgkin ba yayin Ciki

Jiyya na lymphoma ba na Hodgkin ba yayin tashin ciki na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Jiyya da aka bayar yanzunnan bisa ga nau'in lymphoma ba Hodgkin don ƙarawa mahaifiya damar tsira. Jiyya na iya haɗawa da hadewar chemotherapy da rituximab.

• Isowar jariri da wuri biye da magani dangane da nau'in lymphoma ba Hodgkin.

• Idan a farkon farkon watanni uku na ciki, likitocin ilimin kankara zasu ba da shawarar kawo karshen ciki don farawa magani. Jiyya ya dogara da nau'in lymphoma ba Hodgkin.

Don Morearin Koyo Game da Balagaggun Maɗaukakiyar Cutar Lymphoma

Don ƙarin bayani daga Cibiyar Cancer ta cerasa game da balagaggun ƙwayoyin cuta wadanda ba Hodgkin lymphoma, duba masu zuwa:

• Shafin Gida na Lymphoma wanda ba Hodgkin ba

• An Amince da Magunguna don Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

• Magungunan Ciwon Cutar da Aka Yi niyya

• Immunotherapy don Kula da Ciwon daji

Don cikakkun bayanai game da cutar kansa da sauran albarkatu daga Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa, duba mai zuwa:

• Game da Ciwon daji

• Tsayawa

• Chemotherapy da ku: Tallafi ga Mutanen da ke Ciwon daji

• Radiation Far da Kai: Taimako ga Mutane Tare da Ciwon daji

• Yin fama da Ciwon daji

• Tambayoyi don Tambayar Doctor game da Ciwon daji

• Don Tsira da Kulawa