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Maganin Ciwon Cutar Hanta na Matasa

Janar Bayani Game da Ciwon Cutar Matasa na Matasa

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Cutar sankarar hanta ta farko wata cuta ce wacce ƙwayoyin cuta masu saurin kamuwa da cuta a cikin ƙwayoyin hanta.

• Akwai nau'ikan cutar kansa na hanta na manya manya guda biyu.

• Samun hepatitis ko cirrhosis na iya shafar haɗarin babban ciwon kansar hanta.

• Alamomi da alamomin cutar kansar hanta ta manya sun hada da dunkule ko ciwo a gefen dama.

• Ana amfani da gwaje-gwajen da ke bin hanta da jini don ganowa (gano) da kuma tantance kansar hanta mafi girma ta manya.

• Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Cutar sankarar hanta ta farko wata cuta ce wacce ƙwayoyin cuta masu saurin kamuwa da cuta a cikin ƙwayoyin hanta.

Hantar hanta ita ce ɗayan manyan gabobi a jiki. Yana da lobes biyu kuma ya cika gefen dama na ciki na ciki a cikin keji. Uku daga cikin manyan ayyuka masu hanta sune:

• Tace abubuwa masu cutarwa daga jini don su sami izinin wucewa daga jiki a cikin baro da fitsari.

• Don yin bile don taimakawa narkewar kitse wanda ya fito daga abinci.

• Don adana glycogen (sukari), wanda jiki ke amfani dashi don kuzari.

Anatomy na hanta. Hanta yana cikin ciki na sama kusa da ciki, hanji, gallbladder, da kuma pancreas. Hantar tana da ƙugu na dama da na hagu. Kowane lobe ya kasu kashi biyu (ba a nuna ba).

Akwai nau'ikan cutar kansa na hanta na manya manya guda biyu.

Nau'o'in manya na ciwon hanta na farko sune:

• Ciwon daji na hanta

• Cholangiocarcinoma (cutar bile bututu). (Dubi taƙaitaccen akan Bile Duct Cancer (Cholangiocarcinoma) Jiyya don ƙarin bayani.)

Mafi yawancin nau'in babban ciwon hanta na hanta shine ciwon sankara na hanta. Irin wannan cutar sankarar hanta ita ce ta uku wajen haifar da mutuwar masu alaƙa da cutar kansa a duniya.

Wannan taƙaitaccen bayani ne game da maganin kansar hanta na farko (kansar da ke farawa a cikin hanta). Ba a rufe maganin kansar da ke farawa a wasu sassan jiki kuma ya bazu zuwa hanta a cikin wannan taƙaitaccen bayani.

Ciwon hanta na farko zai iya faruwa ga manya da yara. Koyaya, magani ga yara ya bambanta da na manya. (Dubi taƙaitaccen bayanin game da Kula da Ciwon Cutar Cancer na Yara don ƙarin bayani.)

Samun hepatitis ko cirrhosis na iya shafar haɗarin babban ciwon kansar hanta.

Duk wani abu da zai kara muku damar kamuwa da cuta to ana kiransa mai hadari. Samun haɗari ba ya nufin cewa za ku kamu da cutar kansa; ba tare da haɗarin abubuwan haɗari ba yana nufin cewa ba zaku sami cutar kansa ba. Yi magana da likitanka idan kuna tunanin kuna iya fuskantar haɗarin cutar hanta.

Hanyoyin haɗari ga ciwon hanta sun haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Samun ciwon hepatitis B ko cutar hepatitis C. Samun duka hepatitis B da hepatitis C yana ƙara haɗarin sosai.

Samun ciwan ciki.

• Yin amfani da giya mai yawa. Yin amfani da giya mai yawa da kuma kamuwa da cutar hepatitis B yana ƙara haɗarin sosai.

• Cin abinci mai ƙazanta da aflatoxin (guba daga naman gwari wanda zai iya girma akan abinci, kamar hatsi da kwayoyi, waɗanda ba a adana su da kyau ba).

• Samun cututtukan steatohepatitis mara ƙamshi (NASH), yanayin da kitse ke tasowa a cikin hanta kuma yana iya ci gaba zuwa kumburin hanta da lalacewar kwayar hanta.

• Yin amfani da taba, kamar shan sigari.

• Samun wasu cututtukan gado ko na wuya waɗanda ke lalata hanta, gami da waɗannan masu zuwa:

• Hemone hemochromatosis, wata cuta ce ta gado wacce cikin jiki ke ajiyar baƙin ƙarfe fiye da yadda yake buƙata. Ironarin baƙin ƙarfe galibi an adana shi a cikin hanta, zuciya, pancreas, fata, da haɗin gwiwa.

• Rashin ƙwayar antitrypsin na Alpha-1, rikicewar gado wanda zai iya haifar da hanta da cutar huhu.

• Cutar cututtukan Glycogen, cuta ce ta gado wacce a ciki akwai matsaloli game da yadda ake adana da amfani da wani nau'in glucose (sukari) wanda ake kira glycogen a jiki.

• Porphyria cutanea tarda, cuta ce da ba ta taɓa faruwa ba wanda ke shafar fata kuma yana haifar da ƙuraje masu raɗaɗi a sassan jikin da ke fuskantar rana, kamar hannu, hannu, da fuska. Hakanan matsalolin hanta na iya faruwa.

• Cutar Wilson, cuta ce ta gado wacce ba kasafai ake samun ta ba wanda jiki ke adana tagulla fiye da yadda yake buƙata. Storedarin jan ƙarfen ana ajiye shi a cikin hanta, kwakwalwa, idanu, da sauran gabobin.

Yawan tsufa shine babban haɗarin haɗari ga yawancin cutar kansa. Samun damar kamuwa da cutar kansa yana ƙaruwa yayin da kuka tsufa.

Alamomi da alamomin cutar kansar hanta ta manya sun hada da dunkule ko ciwo a gefen dama.

Wadannan da sauran alamu da alamu na iya haifar da cutar kansa ta hanta ta farko ko ta wasu yanayi. Duba tare da likitanka idan kuna da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Aunƙarar wuya a gefen dama kusa da kejin haƙarƙarin.

• Rashin jin daɗi a cikin babba na sama a gefen dama.

• Ciki ya kumbura.

• Jin zafi kusa da hannun dama na kafaɗa ko a baya.

• Jaundice (raunin fata da fararen idanu).

• Aramar rauni ko zubar jini.

• Gajiya ko rashin ƙarfi.

• Tashin zuciya da amai.

• Rashin cin abinci ko jin cikewar abinci bayan cin ƙaramin abinci.

• Rashin nauyi ba tare da wani dalili da aka sani ba.

• Launi, hancin hanji da fitsari mai duhu.

• Zazzaɓi.

Ana amfani da gwaje-gwajen da ke bin hanta da jini don ganowa (gano) da kuma tantance kansar hanta mafi girma ta manya.

Za a iya amfani da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da hanyoyin:

• Jarabawa ta jiki da tarihi: Jarabawa ce ta jiki don bincika alamomin lafiya gaba ɗaya, gami da bincika alamun cuta, kamar kumburi ko wani abu da kamar baƙon abu. Za a kuma ɗauki tarihin al'adun lafiyar marasa lafiya da cututtukan da suka gabata da magunguna.

• Gwajin alamar cutar ƙwayar cuta: Hanya ce wacce ake bincika samfurin jini don auna adadin wasu abubuwan da aka saki a cikin jini ta ɓangarorin jiki, kyallen takarda, ko ƙwayoyin ƙari a jiki. Wasu abubuwa suna da alaƙa da takamaiman nau'ikan cutar daji idan aka same su cikin ƙaruwa a cikin jini. Wadannan ana kiran su alamun tumor. Increasedara yawan ƙwayar alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) a cikin jini na iya zama alamar cutar kansa. Sauran cututtukan daji da wasu yanayin marasa ciwo, gami da cirrhosis da hepatitis, na iya ƙara matakan AFP. Wani lokaci matakin AFP na al'ada ne koda kuwa akwai cutar hanta.

• Gwajin aikin hanta: Hanya ce wacce ake bincika samfurin jini don auna adadin wasu abubuwa da hanta ke fitarwa cikin jini. Mafi yawan adadin abu na yau da kullun na iya zama alamar cutar hanta.

• CT scan (CAT scan): Hanya ce da ke yin jerin hotuna daki-daki na wurare a cikin jiki, kamar ciki, an ɗauke shi daga kusurwa daban-daban. Ana yin hotunan ne ta wata kwamfuta da aka haɗa ta da na'urar da ke ɗauke da x-ray. Ana iya yin allurar fenti a cikin jijiya ko haɗiye don taimakawa gabobin ko kyallen takarda su fito fili karara. Wannan hanyar ana kiranta kuma aikin sarrafa hoto, tsarin kimiyyar kwamfuta, ko kuma gwada ilimin kimiyyar kwamfuta. Ana iya ɗaukar hotuna a lokuta daban-daban sau uku bayan an yi allurar fenti, don samun kyakkyawan hoto na wuraren da ba su da kyau a cikin hanta. Wannan ana kiran sa sau uku CT. A karkace ko CT scan yana yin jerin hotuna sosai daki-daki na wurare a cikin jiki ta amfani da injin x-ray wanda yake sikanin jiki a cikin karkace.

• MRI (hoton maganadisu ): Hanya ce wacce ke amfani da maganadisu, raƙuman rediyo, da kuma kwamfuta don yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, kamar hanta. Wannan hanya ana kiranta kuma ana kiranta hoton maganadisu na maganadisu (NMRI). Don ƙirƙirar cikakkun hotuna na jijiyoyin jini a ciki da kusa da hanta, ana yin fenti a jijiya. Wannan hanya ana kiranta MRA (magnetic resonance angiography). Ana iya ɗaukar hotuna a lokuta daban-daban sau uku bayan an yi allurar fenti, don samun kyakkyawan hoto na wuraren da ba su da kyau a cikin hanta. Ana kiran wannan MRI sau uku.

• Gwajin duban dan tayi: Hanya ce wacce ake fitar da igiyar sauti mai karfi (duban dan tayi) daga kyallen ciki ko gabobin ciki kuma suna yin kuwwa. Eararrawa ta haifar da hoton kayan jikin da ake kira sonogram. Ana iya buga hoton don a kalleshi daga baya.

• Biopsy: Cirewar ƙwayoyin halitta ko kyallen takarda don a iya kallon su ta hanyar microscope ta hanyar masanin ilimin ɗan adam don bincika alamun kansar. Hanyoyin da ake amfani dasu don tattara samfurin ƙwayoyin halitta ko kyallen takarda sun haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Kwayar halittar fata mai ƙyamar allura mai kyau: Cire ƙwayoyin halitta, nama ko ruwa ta amfani da ƙaramin allura.

• Kwayar biopsy mai mahimmanci: Cire ƙwayoyin halitta ko nama ta amfani da allura mai ɗan faɗi kaɗan.

• Laparoscopy: Tsarin tiyata ne don duba gabobin da ke cikin ciki don bincika alamun cuta. Incananan raɗaɗɗu (yanka) ana yin su a bangon ciki kuma an saka laparoscope (na bakin ciki, bututu mai haske) cikin ɗayan wuraren. An saka wani kayan aiki ta hanyar ɗaya ko wani ɓangaran don cire samfurin nama.

Ba koyaushe ake buƙatar nazarin halittu ba don bincika babban ciwon hanta na hanta.

Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Halin hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani sun dogara da masu zuwa:

• Matakin ciwon daji (girman ƙari, ko ya shafi wani ɓangare ko duk hanta, ko ya bazu zuwa wasu wurare a cikin jiki).

• Yaya hanta ke aiki.

• Babban lafiyar mai haƙuri, gami da ko akwai cirrhosis na hanta.

Matakai na Ciwon Cutar Matasa na Matasa

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Bayan an binciko kansar hanta ta farko, ana yin gwaji don gano ko ƙwayoyin kansa sun bazu cikin hanta ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

• Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa daga inda ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki.

• Ana iya amfani da Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Ciwon Ciwon Ciwon Kankara na Barcelona don matakin babban ciwon kansa na hanta.

• Ana amfani da ƙungiyoyi masu zuwa don tsara magani.

• BCLC matakai 0, A, da B

• BCLC matakai C da D.

Bayan an binciko kansar hanta ta farko, ana yin gwaji don gano ko ƙwayoyin kansa sun bazu cikin hanta ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Hanyar da ake amfani da ita don gano ko cutar daji ta bazu cikin hanta ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki ana kiranta staging. Bayanin da aka tattara daga tsarin daukar matakan tantance matakin cutar. Yana da mahimmanci a san matakin don shirya magani. Za'a iya amfani da gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin masu zuwa a cikin aikin tsayarwa:

• CT scan (CAT scan): Hanya ce da ke yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, kamar kirji, ciki, da ƙashin ƙugu, waɗanda aka ɗauka daga kusurwa daban-daban. Ana yin hotunan ne ta wata kwamfuta da aka haɗa ta da na'urar da ke ɗauke da x-ray. Ana iya yin allurar fenti a cikin jijiya ko haɗiye don taimakawa gabobin ko kyallen takarda su fito fili karara. Wannan hanya ana kiranta yanayin ƙididdigar lissafi, ƙirar kwamfuta, ko ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar kwamfuta.

• MRI (hoton maganadisu ): Hanya ce wacce ke amfani da maganadisu, raƙuman rediyo, da kuma kwamfuta don yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki. Wannan hanya ana kiranta kuma ana kiranta hoton maganadisu na maganadisu (NMRI).

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): Hanya ce don gano ƙwayoyin cuta masu illa a jiki. An sanya ƙwayar glucose mai ƙarancin rediyo (sukari) a cikin jijiya. Na'urar daukar hoton PET tana juyawa a jiki kuma tana yin hoto inda ake amfani da glucose a jiki. Kwayoyin cuta masu illa suna nuna haske a hoton saboda suna aiki kuma suna ɗaukar glucose fiye da ƙwayoyin al'ada.

Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

• Ciwon daji na iya yadawa ta hanyar nama, tsarin lymph, da jini:

• Nama. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta girma zuwa yankuna na kusa.

• Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya faro ta hanyar shiga cikin ƙwayoyin cuta. Ciwon daji yana tafiya ta cikin jirgin ruwa na lymph zuwa wasu sassan jiki.Blood. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta hanyar shiga cikin jini. Ciwon daji yana bi ta hanyoyin jini zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa daga inda ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki.

Lokacin da cutar daji ta bazu zuwa wani sashin jiki, akan kira shi metastasis. Kwayoyin sankara suna ɓata daga inda suka fara (asalin ƙwayar cuta) kuma suna tafiya ta cikin tsarin lymph ko jini.

• Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji ya shiga cikin tsarin laminin, ya ratsa ta cikin jiragen ruwan lymph, kuma ya samar da ƙari (metastatic tumo) a wani ɓangaren jiki.

• Jini. Ciwon kansa ya shiga cikin jini, ya bi ta hanyoyin jini, ya samar da ƙari (ƙwayar metastatic) a wani ɓangaren jiki.

Ciwon ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta shine irin ciwon daji kamar asalin farko. Misali, idan kansar hanta ta farko ta bazu zuwa huhun, ƙwayoyin kansar da ke cikin huhun ainihin ƙwayoyin kansa ne. Cutar ita ce cutar kansa ta hanta, ba ta huhun huhu ba.

Ana iya amfani da Tsarin Tsarin Tsarin Ciwon Ciwon Ciwon Kankara na Barcelona don matakin babban ciwon kansa na hanta.

Akwai tsarin tsaruwa da yawa don ciwon hanta. Ana amfani da Tsarin Tsarin Ciwon Ciwon Ciwon Kankara na Barcelona (BCLC) kuma ana bayyana shi a ƙasa. Ana amfani da wannan tsarin don hango hangen nesan mara lafiyar da kuma shirya magani, gwargwadon masu zuwa:

• Ko ciwon daji ya yadu a cikin hanta ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Yaya hanta ke aiki.

• Babban lafiyar da lafiyar mai haƙuri.

• Alamomin cutar sankara.

Tsarin talla na BCLC yana da matakai guda biyar:

• Mataki na 0: Da wuri sosai

• Mataki na A: Da wuri

• Mataki B: Matsakaici

• Mataki na C: Na ci gaba

• Mataki D: Mataki na ƙarshe

Ana amfani da ƙungiyoyi masu zuwa don tsara magani.

BCLC matakai 0, A, da B

Ana ba da magani don warkar da ciwon daji don matakan BCLC 0, A, da B.

BCLC matakai C da D.

Ana ba da magani don taimakawa bayyanar cututtukan da cutar sankarar hanta ta haifar da haɓaka rayuwar mai haƙuri don matakan BCLC C da D. Ba za a iya warkar da cutar kansa ba.

Maimaita Ciwon Priman Ciwon Cutar Farko

Maimaita kansar hanta mafi girma shine ciwon daji wanda ya sake dawowa (dawo) bayan an warke shi. Ciwon kansa na iya dawowa cikin hanta ko a wasu sassan jiki.

Bayanin Zaɓin Jiyya

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Akwai nau'ikan magani daban-daban ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar sankarar hanta ta farko.

• Marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar hanta wata ƙungiyar kwararru ce ke kula da su wanda ke ƙwararru kan kula da cutar kansar hanta.

• Ana amfani da nau'i takwas na daidaitaccen magani:

• Kulawa

• Tiyata

• Sanya hantar mutum

• Zubar da ciki

• Embolization far

• Ciwon da aka yi niyya

• Immunotherapy

• Radiation far

• Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

• Jiyya don cutar kansar hanta na manya na iya haifar da illa.

• Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

• Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

• Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Akwai nau'ikan magani daban-daban ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar sankarar hanta ta farko.

Akwai nau'ikan jiyya iri daban-daban ga marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar hanta ta farko. Wasu jiyya suna daidaito (magani da ake amfani dashi yanzu), kuma wasu ana gwada su a gwajin asibiti. Gwajin gwajin magani shine binciken bincike wanda aka tsara don taimakawa inganta ingantattun jiyya na yanzu ko samun bayanai game da sababbin jiyya ga marasa lafiya da ciwon daji. Lokacin da gwaji na asibiti ya nuna cewa sabon magani ya fi magani na yau da kullun, sabon magani na iya zama daidaitaccen magani. Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti. Wasu gwaji na asibiti ana buɗe su ne kawai ga marasa lafiyar da basu fara magani ba.

Marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar hanta wata ƙungiyar kwararru ce ke kula da su wanda ke ƙwararru kan kula da cutar kansar hanta.

Magungunan marasa lafiyar za su kula da likitan ilimin likita, likita wanda ya kware wajen kula da mutanen da ke fama da cutar kansa. Masanin ilimin likita na likita na iya tura mai haƙuri zuwa wasu ƙwararrun likitocin da ke da horo na musamman game da kula da marasa lafiya da ciwon hanta. Wadannan na iya hada da kwararru masu zuwa:

• Hepatologist (kwararre a cutar hanta).

• Masanin ilimin likita mai ilimin likita.

• Likitan dasawa

• Radiation oncologist

• Mai ba da labari game da rediyo (ƙwararren masanin da ke bincikowa da magance cututtuka ta amfani da hoto da ƙaramar haɗarin da zai yiwu).

• Masanin ilimin cututtuka.

Ana amfani da nau'i takwas na daidaitaccen magani:

Kulawa

Kulawa don raunin da bai fi santimita 1 da aka samo yayin binciken ba. Ana bin diddigin duk bayan watanni uku.

Yin tiyata Za a iya yin wani ɓangaren huɗar hanta (tiyata don cire ɓangaren hanta inda aka samu kansar). An cire wani yanki na nama, gaba ɗaya lobe, ko kuma wani ɓangare mafi girma na hanta, tare da wasu lafiyayyun nama kusa da shi an cire su. Ragowar kayan hanta suna daukar ayyukan hanta kuma suna iya sakewa.

Sanya hantar mutum

A cikin dashen hanta, an cire dukkan hanta kuma an maye gurbin ta da lafiyayyen hanta da aka bayar. Ana iya yin dashen hanta lokacin da cutar ta kasance a cikin hanta kawai kuma ana iya samun hanta da aka ba da gudummawa. Idan mai haƙuri dole ne ya jira hanta da aka bayar, ana ba da sauran magani kamar yadda ake buƙata.

Zubar da ciki

Maganin cire ciki yana cire ko lalata nama. Ana amfani da nau'ikan maganin zubar da ciki don cutar hanta:

• Rushewar radiyo: Amfani da allurai na musamman waɗanda aka saka kai tsaye ta fata ko ta hanyar ragi a ciki don isa ƙari. Rediyon mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi na zafi da allura da ƙari wanda ke kashe ƙwayoyin kansa.

• Maganin Microwave: Wani nau'in magani ne wanda ake fama da kumburin zuwa yanayin zafi mai zafi wanda microwaves ya ƙirƙira. Wannan na iya lalatawa da kashe ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta ko sanya su cikin damuwa da tasirin raɗaɗi da wasu ƙwayoyi masu hana yaduwar cutar kansa.

• Allurar ethanol mai percutaneous: Maganin cutar kansa wanda ake amfani da ƙaramin allura don allurar ethanol (tsarkakakken giya) kai tsaye cikin ƙari don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa. Za a iya buƙatar jiyya da yawa. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da maganin sa barci na cikin gida, amma idan mai haƙuri yana da ƙari da yawa a cikin hanta, ana iya amfani da maganin rigakafi na gaba ɗaya.

• Cryoablation: Magani ne wanda ke amfani da kayan aiki don daskare da lalata ƙwayoyin kansa. Wannan nau'in magani ana kiransa cryotherapy da cryosurgery. Dikita na iya amfani da duban dan tayi don jagorantar kayan aikin.

• Magungunan lantarki: Magani ne wanda ke tura bugun jini ta hanyar lantarki wanda aka sanya shi a cikin ƙari don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa. Ana nazarin ilimin lantarki a cikin gwajin asibiti.

Embolization far

Farfaɗowar embolization shine amfani da abubuwa don toshe ko rage magudanar jini ta jijiyoyin hanta zuwa ƙari. Lokacin da kumburin baya samun iskar oxygen da abubuwan da yake bukata, ba zai ci gaba da girma ba. Ana amfani da farfajiyar haɓaka don marasa lafiya waɗanda ba za su iya yin tiyata ba don cire ƙari ko ɓarkewar maganin wanda ƙarirsa bai bazu a wajen hanta ba.

Hanta yana karɓar jini daga jijiyoyin hanta da jijiyoyin hanta. Jinin da ke shigowa cikin hanta daga hanta mai hanta hanta yawanci yakan tafi lafiyayyen hanta. Jinin da ke fitowa daga jijiyoyin hanta yawanci yana zuwa ƙari. Lokacin da aka toshe jijiyoyin hanta yayin maganin kewayawa, lafiyayyen hanta na ci gaba da karbar jini daga jijiyoyin hanta.

Akwai manyan nau'ikan maganin embolization guda biyu:

• Transarterial embolization (TAE): An sanya karamin yanki (yanka) a cikin cinya ta ciki kuma an saka catheter (na bakin ciki, roba mai sassauƙa) kuma a lika shi a cikin jijiyoyin hanta. Da zarar an sanya catheter din, to sai a sanya wani abu wanda yake toshe jijiyoyin hanta kuma ya dakatar da jini zuwa ciwan.

• Transmoterial chemoembolization (TACE): Wannan aikin kamar TAE ne sai dai kuma an bayar da maganin cutar kansa. Ana iya yin aikin ta hanyar haɗa maganin ƙarancin kansa zuwa ƙananan beads waɗanda aka yi wa allura a cikin jijiyoyin hanta ko ta hanyar allurar maganin ta hanyar kwantar da jijiyoyin cikin hanta sannan kuma a yi amfani da allurar don toshe jijiyoyin hanta. Mafi yawa daga cikin maganin anta sun makale a kusa da kumburin kuma karamin magani ne kawai ya isa sauran sassan jiki. Wannan nau'in magani ana kuma kiransa kimiyyar ingantawa.

Ciwon da aka yi niyya

Targeted therapy wani magani ne wanda yake amfani da magunguna ko wasu abubuwa don ganowa da afkawa takamaiman ƙwayoyin kansa ba tare da cutar ƙwayoyin halitta ba. Tyrosine kinase masu hanawa wani nau'i ne na maganin warkewa da aka yi amfani da shi don maganin babban ciwon hanta na hanta.

Tyrosine kinase masu hanawa ƙananan ƙwayoyi ne waɗanda ke ratsa cikin membrane kuma suna aiki a cikin ƙwayoyin kansa don toshe siginar cewa ƙwayoyin kansar suna buƙatar girma da rarraba. Wasu masu hana cin hanci da rashawa na tyrosine kinase suma suna da tasirin maganin angiogenesis. Sorafenib, lenvatinib, da regorafenib nau'ikan masu hanawa ne na tyrosine kinase.

Duba Magungunan da aka Amince da Ciwon Cutar Hanta don ƙarin bayani.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy magani ne wanda ke amfani da garkuwar jikin mara lafiya don yaƙar kansa. Abubuwan da jiki ya yi ko aka yi a dakin gwaje-gwaje ana amfani da su don haɓaka, kai tsaye, ko maido da kariya ta jiki daga cutar kansa. Wannan nau'in maganin cutar kansa ana kiransa biotherapy ko biologic therapy.

Maganin hana hana ruwa rigakafi wani nau'in rigakafi ne na rigakafi.

• Maganin hana mai hana shiga jiki: PD-1 furotin ne akan saman ƙwayoyin T wanda ke taimakawa kiyaye martani na garkuwar jiki a cikin bincike. Lokacin da PD-1 ke haɗuwa da wani furotin da ake kira PDL-1 akan kwayar sankara, yakan dakatar da kwayar T daga kashe kwayar cutar kansa. Masu hana PD-1 sun haɗa zuwa PDL-1 kuma suna ba da ƙwayoyin T damar kashe ƙwayoyin kansa. Nivolumab wani nau'in mai hana kariya ne.

Mai hana shigowar shinge Binciken sunadarai, kamar PD-L1 akan ƙwayoyin tumo da PD-1 akan ƙwayoyin T, suna taimakawa kiyaye maganganun rigakafi a cikin bincike. Ofaurin PD-L1 zuwa PD-1 yana kiyaye ƙwayoyin T daga kashe ƙwayoyin tumo a jiki (ɓangaren hagu). Katange ɗaurin PD-L1 zuwa PD-1 tare da mai hana kariya na kariya (anti-PD-L1 ko anti-PD-1) yana ba wa ƙwayoyin T damar kashe ƙwayoyin tumor (ɓangaren dama)

Duba Magungunan da aka Amince da Ciwon Cutar Hanta don ƙarin bayani.

Radiation far

Radiation therapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda yake amfani da hasken rana mai ƙarfi ko wasu nau'ikan radiation don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa ko hana su girma. Akwai nau'o'in maganin radiation guda biyu:

• Magungunan radiation na waje yana amfani da inji a waje don aika radiation zuwa ga cutar kansa. Wasu hanyoyi na ba da maganin fitila na iya taimakawa kiyaye radiation daga lalata lafiyar nama mai kusa. Waɗannan nau'ikan maganin radiation na waje sun haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Magungunan radiation na yau da kullun: Maganin ƙwayar cuta ta zamani shine nau'in maganin fure na waje wanda yake amfani da komputa don yin hoto mai girman 3 (3-D) na ƙari kuma yana tsara katangar fitila don dacewa da ƙari. Wannan yana ba da babban adadin radiation don isa ga ƙari kuma yana haifar da ƙananan lalacewa ga ƙoshin lafiya na kusa.

• Magungunan radiation na jiki na Stereotactic: Raunin raunin jikin mutum shine nau'in maganin radiation na waje. Ana amfani da kayan aiki na musamman don sanya mai haƙuri a wuri ɗaya don kowane maganin radiation. Sau ɗaya a rana don kwanaki da yawa, injin radiation yana nufin ya fi girma fiye da yadda ake amfani da radiation kai tsaye a ƙari. Ta hanyar sanya mai haƙuri a cikin matsayi ɗaya don kowane magani, akwai ƙaramin lalacewa ga nama mai lafiya kusa. Wannan hanyar ana kiranta kwayar cututtukan steraotactic na waje-katako na radiation da kuma kula da hasken stereotaxic.

• Proton beam radiation therapy: Proton-beam therapy wani nau'i ne na ƙarfin kuzari, maganin raɗaɗɗen waje. Na'urar maganin fuka-fuka tana nufin rafuka na proton (ƙarami, marar ganuwa, ƙwaƙƙwaran caji) a cikin ƙwayoyin cutar kansa don kashe su. Irin wannan maganin yana haifar da raunin lalacewa ga lafiyayyen nama.

• Magungunan radiation na ciki yana amfani da abu mai tasirin rediyo wanda aka rufe a cikin allurai, tsaba, wayoyi, ko catheters waɗanda aka sanya kai tsaye zuwa ko kusa da ciwon daji.

Hanyar da ake ba da maganin raɗarar ya dogara da nau'in da matakin cutar kansa. Ana amfani da maganin radiation na waje don magance babban ciwon hanta na hanta.

Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

Ana samun bayani game da gwaji na asibiti daga gidan yanar gizon NCI.

Jiyya don cutar kansar hanta na manya na iya haifar da illa.

Don bayani game da illolin da cutar ta kansar ta haifar, duba shafin mu na Side Side.

Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

Ga wasu marasa lafiya, shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya zama mafi kyawun zaɓin magani. Gwajin gwaji wani bangare ne na aikin binciken cutar kansa. Ana yin gwaje-gwajen asibiti don gano ko sabbin maganin cutar daji suna da lafiya da tasiri ko kuma sun fi magani na yau da kullun.

Yawancin yau da kullun na yau da kullun don cutar kansa sun dogara ne akan gwajin asibiti na farko. Marasa lafiya da ke cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya karɓar daidaitaccen magani ko kuma su kasance cikin farkon waɗanda za su karɓi sabon magani.

Marasa lafiya da ke shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti suma suna taimakawa inganta hanyar da za a bi da kansar a nan gaba. Koda lokacin gwajin asibiti bai haifar da sababbin magunguna ba, sau da yawa sukan amsa mahimman tambayoyi kuma suna taimakawa ci gaba da bincike gaba.

Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

Wasu gwaji na asibiti kawai sun haɗa da marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su sami magani ba tukuna. Sauran gwaje-gwajen suna gwada jiyya ga marasa lafiya waɗanda cutar kansa ba ta samu sauki ba. Hakanan akwai gwaji na asibiti da ke gwada sabbin hanyoyin dakatar da cutar kansa daga sake dawowa (dawowa) ko rage tasirin maganin kansar.

Gwajin gwaji na gudana a sassa da yawa na ƙasar. Bayani game da gwajin asibiti wanda NCI ke tallafawa ana iya samun shi akan shafin binciken gwaji na NCI. Ana iya samun gwajin gwaji na asibiti wanda wasu kungiyoyi ke tallafawa akan gidan yanar gizon ClinicalTrials.gov.

Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Za a iya maimaita wasu gwaje-gwajen da aka yi don gano cutar kansa ko don gano matakin cutar kansa. Za a maimaita wasu gwaje-gwaje don ganin yadda magani ke aiki. Shawarwari game da ci gaba, canji, ko dakatar da magani na iya dogara ne da sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.

Wasu daga cikin gwaje-gwajen za a ci gaba da yi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci bayan an gama jiyya. Sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya nuna idan yanayin ku ya canza ko kuma idan kansar ta sake dawowa (dawo). Wadannan gwaje-gwajen wasu lokuta ana kiran su gwaje-gwaje na gaba ko dubawa.

Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don Ciwon Cutar Matasa na Matasa

A Wannan Sashin

• Matakai 0, A, da B Ciwon Cutar Ciwon Cutar Matasa na Farko

• Mataki na C da D Ciwan Ciwon Cutar na Matasa na Farko

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Matakai 0, A, da B Ciwon Cutar Ciwon Cutar Matasa na Farko

Jiyya na matakai na 0, A, da B babban ciwon hanta na hanta na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Kulawa don raunin da bai fi santimita 1 ba.

• Bangaren cututtukan hanta.

• Jimlar aikin hanta da dashen hanta.

• Cire ƙwayar cuta ta amfani da ɗayan hanyoyin masu zuwa:

• Rushewar yanayin rediyo.

• Maganin microwave.

• Allurar ethanol mai tsananin illa.

• Craddamarwa.

• Gwajin gwaji na maganin wutan lantarki.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Mataki na C da D Ciwan Ciwon Cutar na Matasa na Farko

Jiyya na matakai C da D ƙwararrun cutar hanta na hanta na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Magunguna ta amfani da ɗayan hanyoyin masu zuwa:

• Transarterial embolization (TAE).

• Transmoterial chemoembolization (TACE).

• Therapyaddamar da niyya tare da mai hana cin hanci da rashawa tyrosine kinase.

• Immunotherapy.

• Radiation far.

• Gwajin gwaji na asibiti da aka yi niyya bayan haɓakawa ko haɗe shi tare da chemotherapy.

• Gwajin gwaji na sababbin magungunan magani.

• Gwajin gwaji na rigakafi.

• Gwajin asibiti na rigakafin rigakafi hade da niyya farfadowa.

• Gwajin gwaji na maganin cututtukan cututtukan jikin mutum ko maganin fitila mai amfani da iska.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Jiyya na Ciwon Liveran Ciwon Cutar Farko na Matasa

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Zaɓuɓɓukan jiyya don cutar kansar hanta mai saurin girma na iya haɗa da mai zuwa:

• Jimlar aikin hanta da dashen hanta.

• Bangaren cututtukan hanta.

• Kashewa

• Transmoterial chemoembolization da niyya far tare da sorafenib, azaman kwantar da hankali don sauƙaƙe bayyanar cututtuka da haɓaka ƙimar rayuwa.

• Gwajin gwaji na sabon magani.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Don Moreara Koyo Game da Ciwon Cutar Matasa na Farko

Don ƙarin bayani daga Cibiyar Cancer ta aboutasa game da ƙarancin cutar hanta ta hanta, duba mai zuwa:

• Halin Gidan Ciwon Hanta da Bile

• Hanta (Hepatocellular) Rigakafin Ciwon kansa

• Hanta (Hepatocellular) Binciken Cancer

• Yin aikin tiyata a cikin Magungunan Cancer

• Magungunan da aka Amince da Ciwon Cutar Hanta

• Magungunan Ciwon Cutar da Aka Yi niyya

Don cikakkun bayanai game da cutar kansa da sauran albarkatu daga Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa, duba mai zuwa:

• Game da Ciwon daji

• Tsayawa

• Chemotherapy da ku: Tallafi ga Mutanen da ke Ciwon daji

• Radiation Far da Kai: Taimako ga Mutane Tare da Ciwon daji

• Yin fama da Ciwon daji

• Tambayoyi don Tambayar Doctor game da Ciwon daji

• Don Tsira da Kulawa