Nau'in / koda / mai haƙuri / wilms-treatment-pdq
Abubuwan da ke ciki
- 1 Ciwon Tumor na Wilms da Sauran Maganin Ciwon Todar Yara (®) –Patient Version
- 1.1 Janar Bayani Game da Ciwon Tumbin Wilms da Sauran Ciwon Childhoodan Yara
- 1.2 Matakan Wilms Tumor
- 1.3 Bayanin Zaɓin Jiyya
- 1.4 Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don Tumor na Wilms
- 1.5 Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don Sauran Tanƙarar Koda
- 1.6 Jiyya na Ciwon Kidan Ciwon Koda na Yara
- 1.7 Don Moreara Koyo Game da Tumbin Wilms da Sauran Ciwon Childhoodan Yara
Ciwon Tumor na Wilms da Sauran Maganin Ciwon Todar Yara (®) –Patient Version
Janar Bayani Game da Ciwon Tumbin Wilms da Sauran Ciwon Childhoodan Yara
MAGANAN MAGANA
- Ciwan ƙodar yara ƙanana cututtuka ne wanda ƙwayoyin mugu (kansar) ke samarwa a cikin kyallen ƙoda.
- Akwai nau'o'in cututtukan koda na yara.
- Wilms Tumor
- Ciwon Kwayar Kwayar Renal (RCC)
- Rhabdoid Tumo na Koda
- Clear Cell Sarcoma na Koda
- Haihuwa Mesoblastic Nephroma
- Ewing Sarcoma na Koda
- Primary Renal Myoepithelial Carcinoma
- Cystic Banbancin Nefroblastoma
- Multiystular Cystic Nephroma
- Primary Renal Synovial Sarcoma
- Sarpoma Anaplastic na Koda
- Nephroblastomatosis ba ciwon daji bane amma yana iya zama ƙari na Wilms.
- Samun wasu cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta ko wasu yanayi na iya ƙara haɗarin ƙwayar Wilms.
- Ana amfani da gwaje-gwaje don yin allo don ciwan Wilms.
- Samun wasu sharuɗɗa na iya ƙara haɗarin cutar sankara ta koda.
- Jiyya don ciwan Wilms da sauran cututtukan koda na yara na iya haɗawa da ba da shawara game da kwayoyin halitta.
- Alamomin ciwan Wilms da sauran cututtukan koda na yara sun hada da dunkulen ciki da jini a cikin fitsari.
- Ana amfani da gwaje-gwajen da ke bincikar koda da jinin don gano cutar Wilms da sauran cututtukan koda.
- Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.
Ciwan ƙodar yara ƙanana cututtuka ne wanda ƙwayoyin mugu (kansar) ke samarwa a cikin kyallen ƙoda.
Akwai koda biyu, daya a kowane gefen kashin baya, sama da kugu. Inyananan tubules a cikin kodan suna tacewa kuma su tsaftace jini. Suna fitar da kayan sharar gida suna yin fitsari. Fitsarin yana wucewa daga kowace koda ta wani dogon bututu da ake kira fitsari a cikin mafitsara. Miyasar fitsarin na rike fitsarin har sai ya ratsa ta cikin fitsarin sannan ya fita daga jiki.
Akwai nau'o'in cututtukan koda na yara.
Wilms Tumor
A cikin ƙwayar Wilms, ana iya samun ƙari ɗaya ko fiye a cikin koda ɗaya ko duka biyu. Ciwon ƙwayar Wilms na iya yaɗuwa zuwa huhu, hanta, ƙashi, kwakwalwa, ko ƙwayoyin lymph na kusa. A cikin yara da matasa matasa waɗanda shekarunsu suka gaza 15, yawancin cutar sankarar koda sune ƙwayar Wilms.
Ciwon Kwayar Kwayar Renal (RCC)
Ciwon ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ba safai ba ne a cikin yara da matasa matasa waɗanda shekarunsu suka gaza 15. Ya fi yawa a cikin matasa tsakanin shekaru 15 zuwa 19. Yara da matasa zasu iya bincikar su da babban ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar koda ko cutar kansa wanda ta bazu. Ciwon ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta na iya yadawa zuwa huhu, hanta, ko ƙwayoyin lymph. Hakanan ana iya kiran kansar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta.
Rhabdoid Tumo na Koda
Ciwon ƙwayar Rhabdoid na koda wani nau'in cutar kansa ne wanda ke faruwa galibi ga jarirai da ƙananan yara. Yana da yawa ci gaba a lokacin ganewar asali. Ciwon ƙwayar Rhabdoid na koda yana girma kuma yana yaɗuwa da sauri, sau da yawa zuwa huhu ko kwakwalwa.
Yaran da ke da wani sauyi a cikin kwayar SMARCB1 ana duba su akai-akai don ganin idan wani kumburin rhabdoid ya samu a cikin koda ko ya bazu zuwa kwakwalwa:
- Yaran da ke ƙasa da shekara ɗaya suna da duban dan tayi na ciki kowane wata biyu zuwa uku da kuma duban dan tayi na kai kowane wata.
- Yara daga shekara ɗaya zuwa huɗu suna da duban ciki na ciki da MRI na kwakwalwa da kashin baya kowane watanni uku.
Clear Cell Sarcoma na Koda
Bayyanannen ƙwayar sarcoma na koda wani nau'in ciwan koda ne wanda zai iya yaɗuwa zuwa huhu, ƙashi, kwakwalwa, ko nama mai laushi. Zai iya sake dawowa (ya dawo) har zuwa shekaru 14 bayan jiyya, kuma sau da yawa yakan sake komawa cikin kwakwalwa ko huhu.
Haihuwa Mesoblastic Nephroma
Hanyar cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta shine ƙwayar ƙwayar koda wanda yawanci ana gano shi a cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa. Yawanci ana iya warkewa.
Ewing Sarcoma na Koda
Sarcoma na Ewing (wanda a baya ake kira ciwon neuroepithelial) na koda ba safai ba kuma yawanci yakan faru ne a cikin samari. Wadannan ciwace-ciwacen suna girma suna yaduwa zuwa wasu sassan jiki da sauri.
Primary Renal Myoepithelial Carcinoma
Cutar sankara ta farko ta sankarau nau'ikan cutar kansa ne wanda yawanci yakan shafi laushin laushi, amma wani lokacin yakan zama cikin gabobin ciki (kamar ƙodar). Irin wannan ciwon daji yana girma kuma yana yaɗuwa da sauri.
Cystic Banbancin Nefroblastoma
Cystic wanda aka banbanta shi nephroblastoma wani nau'in nau'ikan ƙwayar Wilms ne wanda ba kasafai ake samun sa ba a ciki.
Multiystular Cystic Nephroma
Multiphular cystic nephromas sune ciwace-ciwacen da ba su da kyau kuma sun fi yawa ga jarirai, yara ƙanana, da manyan mata. Wadannan ciwace-ciwacen na iya faruwa a koda ɗaya ko duka biyu.
Yaran da ke da irin wannan ciwon kuma na iya kasancewa suna da cutar fashewa ta jiki, saboda haka ana yin gwaje-gwajen hotunan da ke duban huhu don cysts ko ciwace-ciwacen marurai. Tunda yawancin nephroma cystic nephroma na iya zama yanayin gado ne, ana iya yin la'akari da shawarwarin kwayoyin halitta da gwajin kwayar halitta. Dubi taƙaitaccen game da Kula da Ciwon Blastoma Yara don ƙarin bayani.
Primary Renal Synovial Sarcoma
Primary renal synovial sarcoma cuta ce mai kama da kumburin koda kuma ta fi yawa ga matasa. Wadannan ciwace-ciwacen suna girma kuma suna yaduwa da sauri.
Sarpoma Anaplastic na Koda
Sarpoma na Anaplastic na koda cuta ce mai saurin gaske wacce ta fi dacewa ga yara ko matasa masu ƙarancin shekaru 15 da haihuwa. Sarpoma anaplastic na koda yakan yadu zuwa huhu, hanta, ko ƙasusuwa. Ana iya yin gwaje-gwajen hotunan da ke bincika huhun huji ko ciwan ciwuka. Tunda sarcoma mai saurin tashin hankali na iya zama yanayin gado ne, ana iya yin la'akari da shawarwarin kwayoyin halitta da gwajin kwayar halitta.
Nephroblastomatosis ba ciwon daji bane amma yana iya zama ƙari na Wilms.
Wani lokaci, bayan kodan sun zama cikin tayi, kungiyoyin mahaukatan kwayoyin koda sun kasance a koda daya ko duka biyun. A cikin nephroblastomatosis (yaduwar hyperplastic perilobar nephroblastomatosis), waɗannan rukunin mahaukatan ƙwayoyin cuta na iya girma a wurare da yawa a cikin ƙodar ko yin kauri mai kauri a cikin koda. Lokacin da aka sami waɗannan rukunin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin koda bayan an cire shi don cutar Wilms, yaron yana da haɗarin ƙwayar Wilms a cikin ɗayan koda. Gwajin bin-bi-da-bi yana da mahimmanci aƙalla kowane wata 3, na aƙalla shekaru 7 bayan jinyar yaron.
Samun wasu cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta ko wasu yanayi na iya ƙara haɗarin ƙwayar Wilms.
Duk abin da ya kara kasadar kamuwa da cuta ana kiran sa mai hadari. Samun haɗari ba ya nufin cewa za ku kamu da cutar kansa; ba tare da haɗarin abubuwan haɗari ba yana nufin cewa ba zaku sami cutar kansa ba. Yi magana da likitan ɗanka idan kana tunanin ɗanka na iya kasancewa cikin haɗari.
Ciwon ƙwayar Wilms na iya zama wani ɓangare na cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke shafar girma ko ci gaba. Ciwon kwayar halitta saiti ne na alamomi da alamomi ko yanayin da ke faruwa tare kuma yana faruwa ne ta wasu canje-canje a cikin ƙwayoyin halittar. Hakanan wasu yanayi na iya ƙara haɗarin yaro na kamuwa da cutar Wilms. Wadannan da sauran cututtukan kwayoyin halitta da yanayi suna da alaƙa da cutar Wilms:
- Ciwon WAGR (Ciwon Wilms, aniridia, tsarin al'ada na al'ada, da raunin hankali).
- Denys-Drash ciwo (tsarin al'ada na al'ada).
- Ciwon Frasier (tsarin al'ada na al'ada).
- Beckwith-Wiedemann ciwo (haɓakar girma ta ɓangare ɗaya na jiki ko ɓangaren jiki, babban harshe, hernia cibiya a lokacin haihuwa, da kuma tsarin al'ada na al'ada).
- Tarihin iyali na cutar Wilms.
- Aniridia (iris, ɓangaren launi na ido, ya ɓace).
- Hemihyperplasia da aka keɓe (girman girma ɗaya gefen jiki ko ɓangaren jiki).
- Matsalar sashin fitsari irin su cryptorchidism ko hypospadias.
Ana amfani da gwaje-gwaje don yin allo don ciwan Wilms.
Ana yin gwajin gwaji a cikin yara tare da ƙarin haɗarin ƙwayar Wilms. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen na iya taimakawa gano kansar da wuri da rage damar mutuwa daga cutar kansa.
Gabaɗaya, yara da ke da ƙarin haɗarin ƙwayar Wilms ya kamata a bincikar su don cutar Wilms kowane watanni uku har sai sun kai akalla shekaru 8. Ana amfani da duban dan tayi na ciki domin dubawa. Ananan ƙwayoyin cuta na Wilms za a iya samo su kuma cire su kafin alamun bayyanar su faru.
Yaran da ke fama da ciwo na Beckwith-Wiedemann ko hemihyperplasia suma ana duba su don hanta da ƙwarjin adrenal waɗanda ke da alaƙa da waɗannan cututtukan kwayar halittar. Gwaji don bincika matakin alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) a cikin jini da kuma duban dan tayi na ciki ana yi har sai yaron ya kai shekaru 4. Ana yin duban dan tayi na kodan tsakanin shekara 4 zuwa 7. Gwajin jiki na gwani (masanin kwayar halitta ko likitan ilmin yara) ana yin sa sau biyu a kowace shekara. A cikin yara tare da wasu canje-canje na kwayar halitta, ana iya amfani da jadawalin daban don duban dan tayi na ciki.
Yaran da ke da cutar aniridia da wasu canjin halittar ana duba su don cutar Wilms kowane watanni uku har sai sun kai shekaru 8. Ana amfani da duban dan tayi na ciki domin dubawa.
Wasu yara suna kamuwa da cutar Wilms a cikin koda biyu. Wadannan galibi suna bayyana yayin da aka fara gano cutar Wilms, amma cutar ta Wilms na iya faruwa a koda ta biyu bayan an yi nasarar magance yaro a cikin ƙwayar Wilms a cikin koda ɗaya. Yaran da ke da ƙarin haɗarin ƙwayar Wilms ta biyu a cikin ɗayan koda ya kamata a bincikar su game da cutar ta Wilms kowane watanni uku har zuwa shekaru takwas. Ana iya amfani da duban dan tayi na ciki don dubawa.
Samun wasu sharuɗɗa na iya ƙara haɗarin cutar sankara ta koda.
Cancerwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta na iya danganta da yanayin masu zuwa:
- Von Hippel-Lindau cuta (yanayin gado wanda ke haifar da ƙarancin ciwan jijiyoyin jini). Yaran da ke da cutar Von Hippel-Lindau ya kamata a bincika kowace shekara don cutar kansar ƙwayar koda tare da duban dan tayi na ciki ko MRI (hoton maganadisu) farawa tun yana shekara 8 zuwa 11.
- Tuberous sclerosis (cututtukan da aka gada waɗanda alamomin keɓaɓɓen ƙwayoyin cuta ba su shafa a cikin koda).
- Ciwon ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar dan adam (yanayin gado wanda ke faruwa yayin da aka sauya wasu canje-canje a cikin ƙwayoyin halittar da ke haifar da cutar kansar koda daga iyaye zuwa yaro).
- Renal medullary cancer (cututtukan kansa da ba sa saurin girma).
- Gadon jini (cututtukan gado wanda ke ƙara haɗarin ciwon daji na koda, fata, da mahaifar).
Chemarar cutar sankara ta farko ko maganin fuka-fuka don ƙanƙarawar yara, kamar su neuroblastoma, sarcoma mai laushi, cutar sankarar bargo, ko ƙwayar Wilms na iya ƙara haɗarin cutar kansar ƙwayar koda. Duba sashin Cancer na Biyu a cikin taƙaitaccen bayanin game da atearshen tasirin Jiyya don Ciwon Childhoodan yara don ƙarin bayani.
Jiyya don ciwan Wilms da sauran cututtukan koda na yara na iya haɗawa da ba da shawara game da kwayoyin halitta.
Shawarwarin kwayoyin halitta (tattaunawa tare da ƙwararren ƙwararren masani game da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma ko ana buƙatar gwajin kwayar halitta) ana iya buƙata idan yaro yana da ɗayan abubuwan haɗuwa ko yanayi masu zuwa:
- Ciwon ƙwayar cuta ko yanayin da ke ƙara haɗarin ƙwayar Wilms.
- Yanayin gado wanda ke ƙara haɗarin cutar sankara ta koda.
- Rhabdoid ƙari na koda.
- Multiphular cystic nephroma.
Alamomin ciwan Wilms da sauran cututtukan koda na yara sun hada da dunkulen ciki da jini a cikin fitsari.
Wani lokaci cututtukan ƙwayar ƙuruciya ba sa haifar da alamu da alamomi kuma mahaifa na samun taro a ciki ba zato ba tsammani ko ana samun ɗimbin yayin binciken lafiyar yara sosai. Wadannan da sauran alamu da alamomin na iya haifar da ciwan koda ko ta wasu yanayi. Binciki likitan ɗanka idan ɗanka yana da ɗayan masu zuwa:
- Kura, kumburi, ko ciwo a ciki.
- Jini a cikin fitsari.
- Hawan jini (ciwon kai, jin kasala sosai, ciwon kirji, ko matsalar gani ko numfashi).
- Hypercalcemia (rasa ci, jiri da amai, rauni, ko jin kasala sosai).
- Zazzabi ba tare da sananne dalili ba.
- Rashin ci.
- Rashin nauyi ba tare da wani dalili da aka sani ba.
Ciwon ƙwayar Wilms wanda ya bazu zuwa huhu ko hanta na iya haifar da waɗannan alamu da alamomi masu zuwa:
- Tari.
- Jini a cikin tofa.
- Rashin numfashi.
- Jin zafi a ciki.
Ana amfani da gwaje-gwajen da ke bincikar koda da jinin don gano cutar Wilms da sauran cututtukan koda.
Za a iya amfani da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da hanyoyin:
- Jarabawa ta jiki da tarihin lafiya: Jarabawa ta jiki don bincika alamomin lafiya gaba ɗaya, gami da bincika alamun cuta, kamar kumburi ko wani abu da kamar baƙon abu. Za a kuma ɗauki tarihin al'adun lafiyar marasa lafiya da cututtukan da suka gabata da magunguna.
- Cikakken ƙidayar jini (CBC): Hanyar da za'a zana samfurin jini kuma a bincika ta mai zuwa:
- Adadin jajayen ƙwayoyin jini, fararen ƙwayoyin jini, da platelets.
- Adadin haemoglobin (furotin da ke ɗauke da iskar oxygen) a cikin ƙwayoyin jinin jini.
- Yankin samfurin jini ya kunshi jajayen ƙwayoyin jini.
- Nazarin ilimin sunadarai na jini: Hanya ce wacce ake bincikar samfurin jini don auna adadin wasu abubuwa da aka saki a cikin jini ta gabobi da kayan aiki a jiki. Adadin abu na yau da kullun (mafi girma ko ƙasa da al'ada) na iya zama alamar cuta. Ana yin wannan gwajin ne domin a duba yadda hanta da koda suke aiki.
- Gwajin aiki na koda: Hanya ce wacce ake bincika jini ko fitsari don auna adadin wasu abubuwa da kodan suka saki a cikin jini ko fitsarin. Yawan abu mafi girma ko ƙasa da al'ada na iya zama alama ce cewa kodan ba sa aiki kamar yadda ya kamata.
- Yin fitsari : Gwaji ne don tantance kalar fitsari da abubuwan da ke ciki, kamar su suga, furotin, jini, da kwayoyin cuta.
- Gwajin duban dan tayi: Hanya ce wacce ake fitar da igiyar sauti mai karfi (duban dan tayi) daga kyallen ciki ko gabobin ciki kuma suna yin kuwwa. Eararrawa ta haifar da hoton kayan jikin da ake kira sonogram. Ana yin duban dan tayi na ciki don tantance ciwon koda.
- CT scan (CAT scan): Hanya ce da ke yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, kamar kirji, ciki, da ƙashin ƙugu, waɗanda aka ɗauka daga kusurwa daban-daban. Ana yin hotunan ne ta wata kwamfuta da aka haɗa ta da na'urar da ke ɗauke da x-ray. Allurar fenti a jijiya ko haɗiye don taimakawa gaɓoɓi ko ƙwayoyin jiki su bayyana karara. Wannan hanya ana kiranta yanayin ƙididdigar lissafi, ƙirar kwamfuta, ko ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar kwamfuta.
- MRI (hoton maganadisu ) tare da gadolinium: Hanya ce da ke amfani da maganadisu, raƙuman rediyo, da kuma kwamfuta don yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, kamar ciki. Wani sinadari da ake kira gadolinium ne a cikin jijiya. Gadolinium yana tattarawa a kusa da ƙwayoyin cutar kansa don haka sun ƙara haske a hoton. Wannan hanya ana kiranta kuma ana kiranta hoton maganadisu na maganadisu (NMRI).
- X-ray: X-ray wani katako ne na katako wanda zai iya ratsa jiki zuwa fim, yana yin hoton wurare a cikin jiki, kamar kirji da ciki.
- PET-CT scan: Hanya ce wacce ta haɗu da hotuna daga sifar fitar sinadarin positron (PET) da kuma hoton da aka ƙididdiga (CT). Ana yin sikanin PET da CT a lokaci guda a kan inji ɗaya. Hotuna daga sikanin duka an haɗa su don yin cikakken hoto fiye da kowane gwajin da zai yi shi da kansa. Binciken PET hanya ce don nemo ƙwayoyin cuta masu illa a jiki. An sanya ƙwayar glucose mai ƙarancin rediyo (sukari) a cikin jijiya. Na'urar daukar hoton PET tana juyawa a jiki kuma tana yin hoto inda ake amfani da glucose a jiki. Kwayoyin cuta masu illa suna nuna haske a hoton saboda suna aiki kuma suna ɗaukar glucose fiye da ƙwayoyin al'ada.
- Biopsy: Cirewar ƙwayoyin halitta ko kyallen takarda don a iya kallon su ta hanyar microscope ta hanyar masanin ilimin ɗan adam don bincika alamun kansar. Shawarar ko ayi biopsy ya dogara da masu zuwa:
- Girman kumburin.
- Matakin ciwon daji.
- Ko ciwon daji yana cikin koda ɗaya ko duka biyu.
- Ko gwajin hoto a bayyane ya nuna ciwon daji.
- Ko za a iya cire kumburin ta hanyar tiyata.
- Ko mai haƙuri yana cikin gwajin asibiti.
Ana iya yin biopsy kafin a ba kowane magani, bayan chemotherapy don rage ƙwayar cuta, ko kuma bayan tiyata don cire ƙwayar.
Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.
Hanyoyin hangen nesa da zaɓuɓɓukan magani don ƙwayar Wilms ya dogara da waɗannan masu zuwa:
- Yaya bambancin ƙwayoyin tumo suka bambanta da ƙwayoyin koda na yau da kullun idan aka kalle su a ƙarƙashin madubin likita.
- Matakin ciwon daji.
- Nau'in ƙari.
- Shekarun yaron.
- Ko za a iya cire ƙwayar cutar gaba ɗaya ta hanyar tiyata.
- Ko akwai wasu canje-canje a cikin chromosomes ko kwayoyin halitta.
- Ko dai an gano cutar kansa ko kuma ta sake dawowa (dawo).
Hangen nesa game da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar koda ta dogara da masu zuwa:
- Matakin ciwon daji.
- Ko ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph.
Batun hangen nesa na cututtukan rhabdoid na koda ya dogara da masu zuwa:
- Shekarun yaro a lokacin ganewar asali.
- Matakin ciwon daji.
- Ko cutar daji ta bazu zuwa kwakwalwa ko laka.
Hannun hangen nesa na sarcoma na ƙwayar ƙwayar koda ya dogara da masu zuwa:
- Shekarun yaro a lokacin ganewar asali.
- Matakin ciwon daji.
Matakan Wilms Tumor
MAGANAN MAGANA
- An shirya cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta a lokacin tiyata da kuma gwajin hoto.
- Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.
- Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa daga inda ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki.
- Baya ga matakan, an bayyana ciwukan Wilms ta hanyar tarihin su.
- Ana amfani da matakai masu zuwa don ingantaccen tarihin tarihi da ciwan ƙwayoyin cuta na Wilms:
- Mataki Na
- Mataki na II
- Mataki na III
- Mataki na IV
- Mataki na V
- Jiyya na wasu cututtukan koda na yara sun dogara da nau'in ƙari.
- Wani lokaci ƙari na Wilms da sauran cututtukan koda na yara sukan dawo bayan jiyya.
An shirya cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta a lokacin tiyata da kuma gwajin hoto.
Hanyar da ake amfani da ita don gano ko cutar daji ta bazu a bayan ƙodar zuwa wasu sassan jiki ana kiranta staging. Bayanin da aka tattara daga tsarin daukar matakan tantance matakin cutar. Yana da mahimmanci a san matakin don shirya magani. Dikita zai yi amfani da sakamakon bincike da na gwaji don taimakawa gano matakin cutar.
Ana iya yin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa don ganin ko cutar kansa ta bazu zuwa wasu wurare a cikin jiki:
- Lymph node biopsy: Cire duka ko ɓangaren ƙwayar kumburin lymph a cikin ciki. Kwararren likitan kwalliya yana kallon narkar da kwayar lymph a karkashin madubin likita don duba kwayoyin cutar kansa. Ana kiran wannan aikin lymphadenectomy ko rarraba lymph node.
- Gwajin aikin hanta : Hanya ce wacce ake bincika samfurin jini don auna adadin wasu abubuwa da hanta ke fitarwa cikin jini. Mafi yawan adadin abu na yau da kullun na iya zama alama cewa hanta ba ta aiki kamar yadda ya kamata.
- X-ray na kirji da ƙashi: X-ray wani nau'in katako ne na ƙarfin kuzari wanda zai iya ratsa jiki zuwa fim, yana yin hoton wurare a cikin jiki, kamar kirji.
- CT scan (CAT scan): Hanya ce da ke yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, kamar ciki, ƙashin ƙugu, kirji, da kwakwalwa, waɗanda aka ɗauka daga kusurwa daban-daban. Ana yin hotunan ne ta wata kwamfuta da aka haɗa ta da na'urar da ke ɗauke da x-ray. Allurar fenti a jijiya ko haɗiye don taimakawa gaɓoɓi ko ƙwayoyin jiki su bayyana karara. Wannan hanyar ana kiranta kuma aikin sarrafa hoto, tsarin kimiyyar kwamfuta, ko kuma gwada ilimin kimiyyar kwamfuta.
- PET-CT scan: Hanya ce wacce ta haɗu da hotuna daga sifar fitar sinadarin positron (PET) da kuma hoton da aka ƙididdiga (CT). Ana yin sikanin PET da CT a lokaci guda a kan inji ɗaya. Hotuna daga sikanin duka an haɗa su don yin cikakken hoto fiye da kowane gwajin da zai yi shi da kansa. Binciken PET hanya ce don nemo ƙwayoyin cuta masu illa a jiki. An sanya ƙwayar glucose mai ƙarancin rediyo (sukari) a cikin jijiya. Na'urar daukar hoton PET tana juyawa a jiki kuma tana yin hoto inda ake amfani da glucose a jiki. Kwayoyin cuta masu illa suna nuna haske a hoton saboda suna aiki kuma suna ɗaukar glucose fiye da ƙwayoyin al'ada.
- MRI (hoton maganadisu ): Hanya ce da ke amfani da maganadisu, igiyar rediyo, da kuma kwamfuta don yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, kamar ciki, ƙashin ƙugu, da ƙwaƙwalwa. Wannan hanya ana kiranta kuma ana kiranta hoton maganadisu na maganadisu (NMRI).
- Binciken ƙashi: Hanya ce don bincika idan akwai ƙwayoyin halitta masu saurin rarrabawa, kamar ƙwayoyin kansa, a cikin ƙashi. Aramin abu kaɗan ne na rediyo ke shiga cikin jijiya kuma yana tafiya ta cikin jini. Kayan aikin radiyo yana tattarawa a cikin kasusuwa tare da cutar kansa kuma na'urar daukar hotan takardu ce ke gano shi.
- Gwajin duban dan tayi: Hanya ce wacce ake fitar da igiyar sauti mai karfi (duban dan tayi) daga kyallen ciki ko gabobin ciki kuma suna yin kuwwa. Eararrawa ta haifar da hoton kayan jikin da ake kira sonogram. Ana yin duban dan tayi na manyan tasoshin zuciya don matakin tumbin Wilms.
- Cystoscopy: Hanya ce don duba cikin mafitsara da mafitsara don bincika wuraren da ba na al'ada ba. Ana saka cystoscope ta cikin fitsarin cikin mafitsara. Cystoscope kayan aiki ne na bakin ciki, mai kama da bututu tare da haske da ruwan tabarau don kallo. Hakanan yana iya samun kayan aiki don cire samfuran nama, waɗanda aka bincika a ƙarƙashin microscope don alamun cutar kansa.
Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.
Ciwon daji na iya yadawa ta hanyar nama, tsarin lymph, da jini:
- Nama. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta girma zuwa yankuna na kusa.
- Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya faro ta hanyar shiga cikin ƙwayoyin cuta. Ciwon daji yana bi ta cikin jirgin ruwan lymph zuwa wasu sassan jiki.
- Jini. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta hanyar shiga cikin jini. Ciwon daji yana bi ta hanyoyin jini zuwa wasu sassan jiki.
Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa daga inda ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki.
Lokacin da cutar daji ta bazu zuwa wani sashin jiki, akan kira shi metastasis. Kwayoyin sankara suna ɓata daga inda suka fara (asalin ƙwayar cuta) kuma suna tafiya ta cikin tsarin lymph ko jini.
- Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji ya shiga cikin tsarin laminin, ya ratsa ta cikin jiragen ruwan lymph, kuma ya samar da ƙari (metastatic tumo) a wani ɓangaren jiki.
- Jini. Ciwon kansa ya shiga cikin jini, ya bi ta hanyoyin jini, ya samar da ƙari (ƙwayar metastatic) a wani ɓangaren jiki.
Ciwon ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta shine irin ciwon daji kamar asalin farko. Misali, idan ƙari na Wilms ya bazu zuwa huhun, ƙwayoyin kansa a cikin huhun ainihin ƙwayoyin ƙwayar Wilms ne. Cutar ita ce cututtukan Wilms, ba ciwon huhu ba.
Baya ga matakan, an bayyana ciwukan Wilms ta hanyar tarihin su.
Tarihin tarihin (yadda kwayoyin ke dubawa a karkashin microscope) na kumburin yana shafar hangen nesa da kuma maganin cutar Wilms. Tarihin tarihin na iya zama mai kyau ko na rashin ƙarfi (mara kyau). Umanƙara tare da kyakkyawar ilimin tarihi suna da kyakkyawan hangen nesa kuma sun fi dacewa da chemotherapy fiye da cututtukan anaplastic. Kwayoyin tarin fuka wadanda suke yaduwa da sauri kuma a karkashin madubin likita basuyi kama da irin kwayoyin halittar da suka fito ba. Ciwon cututtukan Anaplastic sun fi wuya a magance su tare da chemotherapy fiye da sauran ƙwayoyin Wilms a daidai matakin.
Ana amfani da matakai masu zuwa don ingantaccen tarihin tarihi da ciwan ƙwayoyin cuta na Wilms:
Mataki Na
A mataki na I, an cire kumburin gaba ɗaya ta hanyar tiyata kuma duk waɗannan masu gaskiya ne:
- An gano kansar ne kawai a cikin kodar kuma ba ta yadu zuwa jijiyoyin jini ba a cikin sinus na koda (bangaren koda a inda take tare da ureter) ko kuma zuwa sassanin lymph.
- Launin waje na koda bai fasa ba.
- Ciwan bai fashe ba.
- Ba a yi biopsy ba kafin a cire kumburin.
- Ba a sami ƙwayoyin cutar kansa a gefunan yankin da aka cire kumburin ba.
Mataki na II
A mataki na II, an cire kumburin gaba ɗaya ta hanyar tiyata kuma ba a sami ƙwayoyin kansa a gefunan yankin da aka cire cutar ba. Ciwon daji ba ya yadu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph. Kafin cire ƙwayar cutar, ɗayan masu zuwa gaskiya ne:
- Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa sinus na koda (ɓangaren koda inda yake haɗuwa da fitsari).
- Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa magudanar jini a wajen yankin koda inda ake yin fitsari, kamar su sinus na koda.
Mataki na III
A mataki na III, cutar kansa ta kasance a cikin ciki bayan tiyata kuma ɗayan masu zuwa na iya zama gaskiya:
- Ciwon daji ya yadu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin ciki ko ƙashin ƙugu (ɓangaren jiki tsakanin kwatangwalo).
- Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa ko ta cikin farfajiyar (layin nama wanda yake layin ciki da rufe mafi gabobin cikin ciki).
- Anyi gwajin kwayar halitta kafin a cire ta.
- Ciwan ya fashe kafin ko yayin tiyata don cire shi.
- An cire ƙari a cikin yanki fiye da ɗaya.
- Ana samun kwayoyin cutar kansa a gefunan yankin da aka cire kumburin.
- Ba za a iya cire duka kumburin ba saboda mahimman gabobi ko ƙwayoyin jiki a jiki za su lalace.
Mataki na IV
A mataki na huɗu, cutar kansa ta bazu cikin jini zuwa gaɓoɓi kamar su huhu, hanta, ƙashi, ko kwakwalwa, ko zuwa ga ƙwayoyin lymph a wajen ciki da ƙashin ƙugu.
Mataki na V
A mataki na V, ana samun ƙwayoyin kansa a cikin koda biyu lokacin da aka fara gano kansar.
Jiyya na wasu cututtukan koda na yara sun dogara da nau'in ƙari.
Wani lokaci ƙari na Wilms da sauran cututtukan koda na yara sukan dawo bayan jiyya.
Ciwon ƙwayar Wilms na yara na iya sake dawowa (dawowa) a cikin asalin shafin, ko a huhu, ciki, hanta, ko wasu wurare a cikin jiki.
Yara bayyanannu sarcoma na koda na iya sake dawowa a cikin asalin shafin, ko a cikin kwakwalwa, huhu, ko wasu wurare a cikin jiki.
Phananan haihuwa nephroma na haihuwa na iya sake dawowa a cikin koda ko a wasu wurare a cikin jiki.
Bayanin Zaɓin Jiyya
MAGANAN MAGANA
- Akwai nau'ikan magani iri daban-daban ga marasa lafiya da cutar Wilms da sauran cututtukan koda.
- Yaran da ke da ƙwayar Wilms ko wasu cututtukan koda na yara ya kamata a shirya maganin su ta hanyar ƙungiyar masu ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya waɗanda ƙwararru ne wajen kula da cutar kansa a cikin yara.
- Jiyya don ciwan Wilms da sauran cututtukan koda na yara na iya haifar da illa.
- Ana amfani da nau'i biyar na daidaitaccen magani:
- Tiyata
- Radiation far
- Chemotherapy
- Immunotherapy
- -Aramin magani mai ƙarfi tare da ceton kwayar halitta
- Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.
- Ciwon da aka yi niyya
- Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.
- Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.
- Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.
Akwai nau'ikan magani iri daban-daban ga marasa lafiya da cutar Wilms da sauran cututtukan koda.
Akwai nau'ikan magani daban-daban ga yara masu cutar Wilms da sauran cututtukan koda. Wasu jiyya suna daidaito (magani da ake amfani dashi yanzu), kuma wasu ana gwada su a gwajin asibiti. Gwajin gwajin magani shine binciken bincike wanda aka tsara don taimakawa inganta ingantattun jiyya na yanzu ko samun bayanai game da sababbin jiyya ga marasa lafiya da ciwon daji. Lokacin da gwaji na asibiti ya nuna cewa sabon magani ya fi magani na yau da kullun, sabon magani na iya zama daidaitaccen magani.
Saboda cutar kansa a cikin yara ba safai ba, ya kamata a yi la'akari da shiga cikin gwajin asibiti. Wasu gwaji na asibiti ana buɗe su ne kawai ga marasa lafiyar da basu fara magani ba.
Yaran da ke da ƙwayar Wilms ko wasu cututtukan koda na yara ya kamata a shirya maganin su ta hanyar ƙungiyar masu ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya waɗanda ƙwararru ne wajen kula da cutar kansa a cikin yara.
Kulawa da lafiyar yaranku zai kasance ne ta hannun likitan ilimin likitan yara, likita wanda ya ƙware kan kula da yara masu cutar kansa. Masanin ilimin likitancin yara yana aiki tare da sauran masu ba da kula da lafiya na yara waɗanda ƙwararru ne wajen kula da yara da cutar Wilms ko wasu cututtukan koda na yara kuma waɗanda suka kware a wasu fannonin magani. Wadannan na iya hada da kwararru masu zuwa:
- Likitan yara.
- Likitan likitan yara ko likitan mahaifa.
- Radiation oncologist
- Gwanayen gyarawa.
- Kwararren likitan yara.
- Ma'aikacin zamantakewa.
Jiyya don ciwan Wilms da sauran cututtukan koda na yara na iya haifar da illa.
Don bayani game da illolin da ke farawa yayin magani don cutar kansa, duba shafin Gurbinmu.
Hanyoyi masu illa daga maganin ciwon daji wanda zai fara bayan jiyya kuma ya ci gaba tsawon watanni ko shekaru ana kiransa sakamako na ƙarshe. Sakamakon sakamako na maganin kansa na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:
- Matsalolin jiki, kamar matsalolin zuciya, matsalolin koda, ko matsaloli yayin ciki.
- Canje-canje a cikin yanayi, ji, tunani, ilmantarwa, ko ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.
- Cancer na biyu (sababbin nau'ikan cutar kansa), kamar kansar maƙarƙashiyar hanji ko ciwon nono.
Wasu maganganun ƙarshen ana iya magance su ko sarrafa su. Yana da mahimmanci a yi magana da likitocin ɗanka game da illar da cutar kansa za ta iya yi wa ɗanka. (Dubi taƙaitaccen bayanin game da Gurbin Tasirin Maganin Ciwon Yara don ƙarin bayani).
Ana yin gwaji na asibiti don ganowa idan za'a iya amfani da ƙananan ƙwayoyi na chemotherapy da radiation don rage ƙarshen sakamakon magani ba tare da canza yadda maganin yake aiki ba.
Ana amfani da nau'i biyar na daidaitaccen magani:
Tiyata
Ana amfani da tiyata iri biyu don magance cututtukan koda:
- Nephrectomy: Ciwan Wilms da sauran cututtukan koda na yara yawanci ana bi dasu tare da nephrectomy (tiyata don cire dukkan ƙodar). Hakanan za'a iya cire ƙwayoyin lymph ɗin kusa da bincika alamun cutar kansa. Wani lokaci dashen koda (tiyatar cire koda da maye gurbinsa da koda daga mai bayarwa) ana yin sa a lokacin da cutar kansa ke cikin koda biyu kuma kodan ba su aiki sosai.
- Neangaren nephrectomy: Idan aka sami kansar a koda biyu ko kuma zai iya yaduwa zuwa duka kodar, aikin tiyata na iya haɗawa da wani ɓangaren nephrectomy (cire kansar a cikin ƙodar da ƙaramin ƙwayar al'ada a kusa da ita). Ana yin aikin nephrectomy don kiyaye koda da yawa yadda yake aiki. Hakanan ana kiran wani ɓangaren nephrectomy aikin tiyatar koda.
Bayan likita ya cire dukkan cutar daji da za a iya gani a lokacin tiyatar, wasu marasa lafiya za a iya ba su maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ko kuma maganin furewa bayan tiyata don kashe duk ƙwayoyin cutar kansa da suka rage. Maganin da ake bayarwa bayan tiyatar, don rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa zai dawo, ana kiran sa adjuvant therapy. Wani lokaci, ana yin aikin tiyata na biyu don ganin idan ciwon daji ya kasance bayan magani na chemotherapy ko radiation.
Radiation far
Radiation therapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda yake amfani da hasken rana mai ƙarfi ko wasu nau'ikan radiation don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa ko hana su girma. Akwai nau'o'in maganin radiation guda biyu:
- Magungunan radiation na waje yana amfani da inji a waje don aika radiation zuwa ga cutar kansa.
- Magungunan radiation na ciki yana amfani da abu mai tasirin rediyo wanda aka rufe a cikin allurai, tsaba, wayoyi, ko catheters waɗanda aka sanya kai tsaye zuwa ko kusa da ciwon daji.
Hanyar da ake ba da maganin ta radiation ya dogara da nau'in da matakin cutar kansa da ake kula da shi ko kuma an yi biopsy kafin aikin tiyata don cire kumburin. Ana amfani da magungunan fitila na waje don magance ƙwayar Wilms da sauran cututtukan koda.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda ke amfani da magunguna don dakatar da haɓakar ƙwayoyin kansa, ko dai ta hanyar kashe ƙwayoyin ko ta hana su rarraba. Lokacin da ake shan chemotherapy ta baki ko allura a cikin jijiya ko tsoka, magungunan suna shiga cikin jini kuma zasu iya kaiwa ga kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin jiki duka (systemotherapy chemotherapy). Lokacin da aka sanya chemotherapy kai tsaye zuwa cikin ruwa mai ruɓaɓɓen ciki, gaɓoɓi, ko rami na jiki kamar ciki, magungunan yawanci suna shafar ƙwayoyin kansa ne a waɗancan yankuna. Haɗuwa da cutar sankara ta hanyar magani ta amfani da magunguna biyu ko sama da haka.
Hanyar da ake ba da cutar sankara ta dogara da nau'in da matakin cutar kansa. Ana amfani da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta don magance ƙwayar Wilms da sauran cututtukan koda.
Wasu lokuta ba za a iya cire kumburin ta hanyar tiyata ba saboda ɗayan dalilai masu zuwa:
- Ciwon yana da kusanci da mahimman gabobin ko jijiyoyin jini.
- Ciwan yayi girma sosai don cirewa.
- Ciwon daji yana cikin koda biyu.
- Akwai raunin jini a cikin tasoshin kusa da hanta.
- Mai haƙuri yana da matsalar numfashi saboda cutar kansa ta bazu zuwa huhu.
A wannan yanayin, ana yin biopsy da farko. Sannan ana ba da magani don rage girman kumburin kafin tiyata, don adana lafiyayyar nama yadda ya kamata da rage matsaloli bayan tiyatar. Wannan ana kiransa neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Ana ba da aikin kashe radiyo bayan tiyata.
Duba Magungunan da Aka Amince da Ciwan tumɓin Wilms da Sauran Ciwon Childhoodanƙancin Childhoodan Yara don ƙarin bayani.
Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy magani ne wanda ke amfani da garkuwar jikin mara lafiya don yaƙar kansa. Abubuwan da jiki ya yi ko aka yi a dakin gwaje-gwaje ana amfani da su don haɓaka, kai tsaye, ko maido da kariya ta jiki daga cutar kansa. Wannan nau'in maganin cutar kansa ana kiransa biotherapy ko biologic therapy.
Interferon da interleukin-2 (IL-2) nau'ikan rigakafi ne da ake amfani da su don magance ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar yara. Interferon yana shafar rarrabuwa daga kwayoyin cutar kansa kuma zai iya rage ci gaban ƙari. IL-2 na haɓaka girma da aiyukan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta masu yawa, musamman lymphocytes (wani nau'in ƙwayoyin jini ne fari). Lymphocytes na iya kai hari kuma ya kashe ƙwayoyin kansa.
-Aramin magani mai ƙarfi tare da ceton kwayar halitta
Ana ba da magungunan allura don kashe kwayoyin cutar kansa. Kwayoyin lafiya, gami da ƙwayoyin halitta masu jini, suma ana lalata su ta hanyar maganin kansa. Cutar da ƙwaƙwalwa shine magani don maye gurbin ƙwayoyin halitta. Ana cire ƙwayoyin jiki (ƙwayoyin jinin da basu balaga ba) daga cikin jinin ko ƙashin ƙashin mara lafiyan kuma ana daskarar dasu ana adana su. Bayan mai haƙuri ya gama shan magani, sai a narke ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin da aka adana kuma a mayar da su ga mai haƙuri ta hanyar jiko. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin magungunan za a ɗibar
Mayila za a iya amfani da babban ƙwayar cutar sankara tare da ceton kwayar halitta don magance ciwan ƙwayar Wilms.
Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.
Ana samun bayani game da gwaji na asibiti daga gidan yanar gizon NCI.
Ciwon da aka yi niyya
Targeted therapy wani magani ne wanda yake amfani da magunguna ko wasu abubuwa don ganowa da afkawa takamaiman ƙwayoyin kansa ba tare da cutar ƙwayoyin halitta ba. Tsarin da aka yi niyya don magance cututtukan koda na yara zai iya haɗa da masu zuwa:
- Masu hana Kinase: Wannan maganin warkewa yana toshe alamun cewa ƙwayoyin kansar suna buƙatar girma da rarraba. LOXO-101 da entrectinib su ne masu hana hana motsi wadanda ake nazarin don magance cututtukan cikin gida na nephroma. Ana iya amfani da masu hana ƙwayar Tyrosine kinase, kamar su sunitinib ko cabozantinib don magance ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta Axitinib shine mai hana yaduwar kwayar cutar tyrosine kinase wanda ake karantar dashi don magance carcinoma na koda wanda ba za'a iya cire shi ta hanyar tiyata ba ko kuma ya yadu zuwa wasu sassan jiki.
- Tarihin methyltransferase masu hanawa: Wannan maganin da aka yi niyya yana jinkirta ikon kwayar cutar kanjamau don haɓaka da rarrabuwa. Tazemetostat shine mai hana maganin tari na methyltransferase wanda ake nazarin sa don magance cututtukan koda na rhabdoid.
- Magungunan rigakafi na Monoclonal: Wannan maganin da aka yi niyya yana amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta da aka yi a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje, daga nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta guda ɗaya. Wadannan kwayoyin cuta na jikin mutum na iya gano abubuwan da ke jikin kwayoyin cutar kansar ko kuma wasu abubuwa na yau da kullun wadanda zasu iya taimakawa kwayoyin cutar kansa. Kwayoyin rigakafin suna haɗuwa da abubuwan kuma suna kashe ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, toshe haɓakar su, ko kiyaye su daga yaɗuwa. Ana ba da ƙwayoyin cuta na Monoclonal ta hanyar jiko. Ana iya amfani da su su kaɗai ko ɗaukar ƙwayoyi, gubobi, ko kayan aikin rediyo kai tsaye zuwa ƙwayoyin kansa. Nivolumab wani maganin rigakafi ne wanda ake nazarin shi don magance carcinoma na ƙwayar koda wanda ba za a iya cire shi ta hanyar tiyata ba ko kuma ya bazu zuwa sauran sassan jiki.
Ana nazarin ilimin da aka tanada don magance cututtukan ƙwayar yara waɗanda suka sake dawowa (dawo).
Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.
Ga wasu marasa lafiya, shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya zama mafi kyawun zaɓin magani. Gwajin gwaji wani bangare ne na aikin binciken cutar kansa. Ana yin gwaje-gwajen asibiti don gano ko sabbin maganin cutar daji suna da lafiya da tasiri ko kuma sun fi magani na yau da kullun.
Yawancin yau da kullun na yau da kullun don cutar kansa sun dogara ne akan gwajin asibiti na farko. Marasa lafiya da ke cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya karɓar daidaitaccen magani ko kuma su kasance cikin farkon waɗanda za su karɓi sabon magani.
Marasa lafiya da ke shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti suma suna taimakawa inganta hanyar da za a bi da kansar a nan gaba. Koda lokacin gwajin asibiti bai haifar da sababbin magunguna ba, sau da yawa sukan amsa mahimman tambayoyi kuma suna taimakawa ci gaba da bincike gaba.
Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.
Wasu gwaji na asibiti kawai sun haɗa da marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su sami magani ba tukuna. Sauran gwaje-gwajen suna gwada jiyya ga marasa lafiya waɗanda cutar kansa ba ta samu sauki ba. Hakanan akwai gwaji na asibiti da ke gwada sabbin hanyoyin dakatar da cutar kansa daga sake dawowa (dawowa) ko rage tasirin maganin kansar.
Gwajin gwaji na gudana a sassa da yawa na ƙasar. Bayani game da gwajin asibiti wanda NCI ke tallafawa ana iya samun shi akan shafin binciken gwaji na NCI. Ana iya samun gwajin gwaji na asibiti wanda wasu kungiyoyi ke tallafawa akan gidan yanar gizon ClinicalTrials.gov.
Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.
Za a iya maimaita wasu gwaje-gwajen da aka yi don gano cutar kansa ko don gano matakin cutar kansa. Za a maimaita wasu gwaje-gwaje don ganin yadda magani ke aiki. Shawarwari game da ci gaba, canji, ko dakatar da magani na iya dogara ne da sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.
Wasu daga cikin gwaje-gwajen za a ci gaba da yi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci bayan an gama jiyya. Sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya nuna idan yanayin ɗanku ya canza ko kuma idan ciwon daji ya sake dawowa (dawo). Wadannan gwaje-gwajen wasu lokuta ana kiran su gwaje-gwaje na gaba ko dubawa.
Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don Tumor na Wilms
A Wannan Sashin
- Mataki na Wilms Tumor
- Mataki na II Wilms Tumor
- Mataki na III Wilms Tumor
- Mataki na IV Wilms Tumor
- Mataki na V Wilms Tumor da marasa lafiya da ke cikin haɗarin haɓaka ƙwayar Wilms
Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.
Mataki na Wilms Tumor
Jiyya na matakin I Wilms ƙari tare da kyakkyawar tarihin tarihi na iya haɗawa da:
- Nephrectomy tare da cire ƙwayoyin lymph, sa'annan hadewar chemotherapy.
- Gwajin gwaji na nephrectomy kawai.
Jiyya na matakin I anaplastic Wilms ƙari na iya haɗawa da:
- Nephrectomy tare da cire ƙwayoyin lymph sannan biye da hadewar chemotherapy da raɗaɗɗiyar fiska zuwa yankin gefen (gefen kowane ɓangare na jiki tsakanin haƙarƙari da ƙashin ƙugu).
Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.
Mataki na II Wilms Tumor
Jiyya na II II ƙwayar Wilms tare da ingantaccen tarihin tarihi na iya haɗawa da:
- Nephrectomy tare da cire ƙwayoyin lymph, sa'annan hadewar chemotherapy.
Jiyya na ƙwayar II mai cike da ƙwayar Wilms na iya haɗawa da:
- Nephrectomy tare da cire ƙwayoyin lymph, sannan biyewar radiation zuwa ciki da haɗuwa da cutar sankara.
Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.
Mataki na III Wilms Tumor
Jiyya na mataki na III Wilms ƙari tare da ingantaccen tarihin tarihi na iya haɗawa da:
- Nephrectomy tare da cire ƙwayoyin lymph, sannan biyewar radiation zuwa ciki da haɗuwa da cutar sankara.
Jiyya na mataki na III anaplastic Wilms ƙari na iya haɗawa da:
- Nephrectomy tare da cire ƙwayoyin lymph, sannan biyewar radiation zuwa ciki da haɗuwa da cutar sankara.
- Haɗakar chemotherapy wanda ke biye da nephrectomy tare da cire ƙwayoyin lymph, sannan biyewar radiation zuwa ciki.
Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.
Mataki na IV Wilms Tumor
Jiyya na matakin IV Wilms ƙari tare da ingantaccen tarihin na iya haɗawa da:
- Nephrectomy tare da cire ƙwayoyin lymph, sannan biyewar radiation zuwa ciki da haɗuwa da cutar sankara. Idan ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa wasu sassan jiki, marasa lafiya suma za a karɓi maganin furewa zuwa waɗancan yankuna.
Jiyya na ƙwayar IV anaplastic ƙari zai iya haɗawa da:
- Nephrectomy tare da cire ƙwayoyin lymph, sannan biyewar radiation zuwa ciki da haɗuwa da cutar sankara. Idan ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa wasu sassan jiki, marasa lafiya suma za a karɓi maganin furewa zuwa waɗancan yankuna.
- Haɗakar chemotherapy da aka bayar a gaban nephrectomy tare da cire ƙwayoyin lymph, sannan bi da bi zuwa ciki. Idan ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa wasu sassan jiki, marasa lafiya suma za a karɓi maganin furewa zuwa waɗancan yankuna.
Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.
Mataki na V Wilms Tumor da marasa lafiya da ke cikin haɗarin haɓaka ƙwayar Wilms
Jiyya na matakin V Wilms ƙari na iya zama daban ga kowane mai haƙuri kuma yana iya haɗawa da:
- Haɗakar chemotherapy don rage ƙwayar cuta, sannan biye da maimaitawa a makonni 4 zuwa 8 don yanke shawara kan ƙarin far (ɓangaren nephrectomy, biopsy, ci gaba da cutar sankara, da / ko radiation radiation).
- Ana gudanar da kwayar halittar kodan tare da hadewar sinadarai don rage ciwon. Anyi aikin tiyata na biyu don cire mafi yawan cutar kansa kamar yadda zai yiwu. Wannan na iya biyo baya ta ƙarin maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da / ko maganin raɗaɗɗu idan kansar ta kasance bayan tiyata.
Idan ana bukatar dashen koda saboda matsalar koda, ana jinkirta shi zuwa shekara 1 zuwa 2 bayan an kammala jiyya kuma babu alamun kansar.
Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.
Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don Sauran Tanƙarar Koda
A Wannan Sashin
- Ciwon Kwayar Kwayar Renal (RCC)
- Rhabdoid Tumo na Koda
- Clear Cell Sarcoma na Koda
- Haihuwa Mesoblastic Nephroma
- Ewing Sarcoma na Koda
- Primary Renal Myoepithelial Carcinoma
- Cystic Banbancin Nefroblastoma
- Multiystular Cystic Nephroma
- Primary Renal Synovial Sarcoma
- Sarpoma Anaplastic na Koda
- Nephroblastomatosis (Yada Hyperplastic Perilobar Nephroblastomatosis)
Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.
Ciwon Kwayar Kwayar Renal (RCC)
Jiyya na ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta na iya haɗawa da:
- Yin aikin tiyata, wanda yana iya zama:
- nephrectomy tare da cire ƙwayoyin lymph; ko
- nephrectomy na ɓangare tare da cire ƙwayoyin lymph.
- Immunotherapy (interferon da interleukin-2) don cutar kansa wanda ya bazu zuwa sauran sassan jiki.
- Maganin da aka yi niyya (masu hana maganin tyrosine kinase) don cutar kansa wanda ya bazu zuwa sauran sassan jiki.
- Gwajin gwaji na maganin warkewa tare da mai hana cin hanci tyrosine kinase da / ko maganin rigakafi na monoclonal don cutar kansa wanda ke da wani canjin kwayar halitta kuma ba za a iya cire shi ta hanyar tiyata ko kuma ya bazu zuwa wasu sassan jiki.
Duba taƙaitaccen bayanin game da Maganin Ciwon Cutar Renal don ƙarin bayani.
Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.
Rhabdoid Tumo na Koda
Babu daidaitaccen magani don maganin rhabdoid na koda. Jiyya na iya haɗawa da:
- Haɗuwa da tiyata, jiyyar cutar sankara, da / ko raunin fitila.
- Gwajin gwaji na maganin warkewa (tazemetostat).
Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.
Clear Cell Sarcoma na Koda
Jiyya na sel sarcoma na koda na koda zai iya haɗawa da:
- Nephrectomy tare da cire ƙwayoyin lymph sannan biyun hade da cutar sankara zuwa ciki.
- Gwajin gwaji na sabon magani.
Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.
Haihuwa Mesoblastic Nephroma
Jiyya don matakai na I, II, da wasu marasa lafiya tare da mataki na uku na ƙananan ƙwararrun ƙwayoyin cuta na iya haɗawa da:
- Tiyata.
Yin jiyya ga wasu marasa lafiya tare da mataki na III na haihuwa mai ƙyamar nephroma na iya haɗawa da:
- Yin aikin tiyata wanda zai iya bi da chemotherapy.
Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.
Ewing Sarcoma na Koda
Babu daidaitaccen magani don Ewing sarcoma na koda. Jiyya na iya haɗawa da:
- Haɗuwa da tiyata, jiyyar cutar sankara, da kuma maganin fuka.
Hakanan za'a iya bi da shi kamar yadda aka kula da Ec sarcoma. Dubi taƙaitaccen game da Jiyya na Sarcoma don ƙarin bayani.
Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.
Primary Renal Myoepithelial Carcinoma
Babu daidaitaccen magani don ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta da ke cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Jiyya na iya haɗawa da:
- Haɗuwa da tiyata, jiyyar cutar sankara, da kuma maganin fuka.
Cystic Banbancin Nefroblastoma
Jiyya na sihiri wanda aka banbanta nephroblastoma na iya haɗawa da:
- Yin aikin tiyata wanda zai iya bi da chemotherapy.
Multiystular Cystic Nephroma
Jiyya na sihiri cystic nephroma yawanci hada da:
- Tiyata.
Primary Renal Synovial Sarcoma
Jiyya na ƙananan ƙwayar sycial sarcoma yawanci ya haɗa da:
- Chemotherapy.
Sarpoma Anaplastic na Koda
Babu daidaitaccen magani don sarcoma mai nakasa na koda. Jiyya yawanci magani iri ɗaya ne da ake bayarwa don cutar tumɓin ƙwayar Wilms.
Nephroblastomatosis (Yada Hyperplastic Perilobar Nephroblastomatosis)
Maganin nephroblastomatosis ya dogara da masu zuwa:
- Ko yaron yana da ƙungiyoyi masu haɗari na ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin koda ɗaya ko duka biyu.
- Ko yaron yana da ƙwayar Wilms a cikin koda ɗaya da ƙungiyoyi na ƙwayoyin cuta masu ɓarna a ɗayan.
Jiyya na nephroblastomatosis na iya haɗawa da:
- Chemotherapy ya biyo baya nephrectomy. Wani lokaci za a iya yin wani ɓangaren nephrectomy don ci gaba da aikin koda yadda ya kamata.
Jiyya na Ciwon Kidan Ciwon Koda na Yara
Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.
Jiyya na ciwan ƙwayar Wilms na iya haɗawa da:
- Hade chemotherapy, tiyata, da kuma radiation far.
- Haɗakar chemotherapy, tiyata, da kuma maganin fuka-fuka, tare da ceton kwayar halitta, ta yin amfani da ƙwayoyin jini na yaron.
- Gwajin gwaji wanda ke bincikar samfurin ƙwayar cutar mai haƙuri don wasu canje-canje na asali. Nau'in maganin da aka yiwa niyya wanda za'a baiwa mai haƙuri ya dogara da nau'in canjin halittar mutum.
Jiyya na ciwan rhabdoid na koda na iya haɗawa da:
- Gwajin gwaji wanda ke bincikar samfurin ƙwayar cutar mai haƙuri don wasu canje-canje na asali. Nau'in maganin da aka yiwa niyya wanda za'a baiwa mai haƙuri ya dogara da nau'in canjin halittar mutum.
Jiyya na sake bayyana sarcoma cell na koda na iya haɗawa da:
- Hade chemotherapy, tiyata don cire kumburi (idan zai yiwu), da / ko raunin fitila.
- Gwajin gwaji wanda ke bincikar samfurin ƙwayar cutar mai haƙuri don wasu canje-canje na asali. Nau'in maganin da aka yiwa niyya wanda za'a baiwa mai haƙuri ya dogara da nau'in canjin halittar mutum.
Jiyya na maimaitawar haihuwa mesoblastic nephroma na iya haɗawa da:
- Hade chemotherapy, tiyata, da kuma radiation far.
- Gwajin gwaji wanda ke bincikar samfurin ƙwayar cutar mai haƙuri don wasu canje-canje na asali. Nau'in maganin da aka yiwa niyya wanda za'a baiwa mai haƙuri ya dogara da nau'in canjin halittar mutum.
- Gwajin gwaji na maganin farfadowa (LOXO-101 ko entrectinib).
Jiyya na wasu cututtukan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar yara yawanci yawanci suna cikin gwajin asibiti.
Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.
Don Moreara Koyo Game da Tumbin Wilms da Sauran Ciwon Childhoodan Yara
Don ƙarin bayani daga Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa game da cutar Wilms da sauran cututtukan koda, yara masu zuwa:
- Shafin Ciwon Maganin Koda
- Tomography Tomography (CT) Scans da Ciwon daji
- An Amince da Magunguna don Ciwan Tumor da kuma Sauran Ciwon Koda na Yara
- Immunotherapy don Kula da Ciwon daji
- Gwajin Halitta don Ciwon Cutar Cancer na Cancer
Don ƙarin bayani game da cutar sankarar yara da sauran albarkatun kansar gaba ɗaya, duba masu zuwa:
- Game da Ciwon daji
- Ciwon Yara
- Binciken Cure don Ciwon Childrenan yara
- Matsayi na Late na Jiyya don Ciwon Yara
- Matasa da Samari da Ciwon daji
- Yara da Ciwon daji: Jagora ga Iyaye
- Ciwon daji a cikin Yara da Matasa
- Tsayawa
- Yin fama da Ciwon daji
- Tambayoyi don Tambayar Doctor game da Ciwon daji
- Don Tsira da Kulawa
Enable sharhi mai-sabuntawa na atomatik