Nau'o'in / kai-da-wuya / mai haƙuri / balagagge / nasopharyngeal-treatment-pdq

Nasopharyngeal Cancer Jiyya (Adult) Shafin

Janar Bayani Game da Ciwon Nasopharyngeal

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Nasopharyngeal cancer wata cuta ce wacce mugayen ƙwayoyin cuta (keɓaɓɓun ƙwayoyin cuta) ke kamawa a cikin kyallen takarda na nasopharynx.

• Asalin kabila da kamuwa da kwayar cutar Epstein-Barr na iya shafar haɗarin cutar kansa ta nasopharyngeal.

• Alamomin kansar nasopharyngeal sun hada da matsalar numfashi, magana, ko ji.

• Gwaje-gwajen da ke bincikar hanci, makogwaro, da gabobin da ke kusa ana amfani dasu don gano (gano), gano asali, da kuma matakin kansar nasopharyngeal.

• Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Nasopharyngeal cancer wata cuta ce wacce mugayen ƙwayoyin cuta (keɓaɓɓun ƙwayoyin cuta) ke kamawa a cikin kyallen takarda na nasopharynx.

Nasopharynx shine babba na pharynx (makogwaro) a bayan hanci. Pharynx bututun bututu ne mai zurfin inci 5 wanda ya fara a bayan hanci ya ƙare a saman trachea (windpipe) da esophagus (bututun da yake zuwa daga maƙogwaro zuwa ciki). Iska da abinci suna wucewa ta cikin firam a kan hanyar zuwa trachea ko esophagus. Hancin hancin ya jagoranci zuwa nasopharynx. Budewa a kowane gefen nasopharynx yana kaiwa cikin kunne. Ciwon daji na nasopharyngeal galibi yana farawa a cikin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke layin nasopharynx.

Anatomy na pharynx (makogwaro). Pharynx bututu ne mara zurfi wanda yake farawa a bayan hanci, ya gangara zuwa wuya, ya ƙare a saman trachea da esophagus. Sassan ukun pharynx sune nasopharynx, oropharynx, da hypopharynx.

Nasopharyngeal cancer shine nau'in kansar kai da wuya.

Asalin kabila da kamuwa da kwayar cutar Epstein-Barr na iya shafar haɗarin cutar kansa ta nasopharyngeal.

Duk wani abu da zai kara maka hadarin kamuwa da cuta to ana kiran sa mai hadari. Samun haɗari ba ya nufin cewa za ku kamu da cutar kansa; ba tare da haɗarin abubuwan haɗari ba yana nufin cewa ba zaku sami cutar kansa ba. Yi magana da likitanka idan kuna tsammanin kuna iya fuskantar haɗari. Hanyoyin haɗari ga ciwon daji na nasopharyngeal sun haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Samun asalin Sinanci ko Asiya.

• Kasancewa cikin kwayar Epstein-Barr: Kwayar cutar Epstein-Barr tana da alaƙa da wasu cututtukan kansa, gami da kansar nasopharyngeal da wasu ƙwayoyin cuta.

• Shan giya mai yawa.

• Alamomin kansar nasopharyngeal sun hada da matsalar numfashi, magana, ko ji.

Wadannan da sauran alamu da alamomin na iya faruwa ne ta sankarar nasopharyngeal ko kuma ta wasu yanayi. Duba tare da likitanka idan kuna da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Wani dunkule a hanci ko wuya.

• Ciwon wuya.

• Matsalar numfashi ko magana.

• Hancin Hanci.

• Matsalar ji.

• Jin zafi ko ringing a kunne.

• Ciwon kai.

Gwaje-gwajen da ke bincikar hanci, makogwaro, da gabobin da ke kusa ana amfani dasu don gano (gano), gano asali, da kuma matakin kansar nasopharyngeal.

Hanyoyin da ke yin hotunan hanci da maƙogwaro na taimakawa wajen gano kansar nasopharyngeal. Hanyar da ake amfani da ita don gano idan kwayoyin cutar kansa sun bazu zuwa wasu sassan jiki ana kiranta staging. Gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin da ake bi don ganowa, gano asali, da kuma matakin kansar nasopharyngeal ana yin su kafin shirin magani.

Za a iya amfani da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da hanyoyin:

• Jarabawa ta jiki da tarihi: Nazarin jiki don bincika alamomin lafiya gaba ɗaya, gami da bincika alamun cuta, kamar kumburin lymph nodes a cikin wuya ko wani abin da kamar baƙon abu. Za a kuma ɗauki tarihin al'adun lafiyar marasa lafiya da cututtukan da suka gabata da magunguna.

• Nazarin ilimin lissafi: Jerin tambayoyi da gwaje-gwaje don bincika kwakwalwa, laka, da aikin jijiya. Jarabawar tana bincikar halin tunanin mutum, daidaituwarsa, da ikon yin tafiya yadda ya kamata, da kuma yadda ƙarfin jijiyoyi, hankula, da abubuwan da suke nunawa ke aiki. Hakanan ana iya kiransa gwajin neuro ko gwajin neurologic.

• Biopsy: Cirewar ƙwayoyin halitta ko kyallen takarda don a iya kallon su ta hanyar microscope ta hanyar masanin ilimin ɗan adam don bincika alamun kansar. An cire samfurin nama yayin ɗayan hanyoyin masu zuwa:

• Nasoscopy: Hanya ce don bincika cikin hanci don yankuna masu haɗari. An saka nasoscope ta hanci. Nasoscope abu ne na bakin ciki, mai kama da bututu tare da haske da ruwan tabarau don kallo. Hakanan yana iya samun kayan aiki don cire samfuran nama, waɗanda aka bincika a ƙarƙashin microscope don alamun cutar kansa.

• Endarshen endoscopy: Hanyar da za'a kalli cikin hanci, maƙogwaro, majina, ciki, da duodenum (ɓangaren farko na ƙaramar hanji, kusa da ciki). An saka endoscope a cikin baki da kuma cikin hancin hanji, ciki, da kuma duodenum. Ganin ƙarshen abu mai nauyi ne, mai kama da bututu tare da haske da ruwan tabarau don kallo. Hakanan yana iya samun kayan aiki don cire samfurin nama. Ana bincika samfuran nama a ƙarƙashin madubin likita don alamun cutar kansa.

• MRI (hoton maganadisu ): Hanya ce wacce ke amfani da maganadisu, raƙuman rediyo, da kuma kwamfuta don yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki. Wannan hanya ana kiranta kuma ana kiranta hoton maganadisu na maganadisu (NMRI).

• CT scan (CAT scan): Hanya ce da ke yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, kamar kirji da ciki na sama, waɗanda aka ɗauka daga kusurwa daban-daban. Ana yin hotunan ne ta wata kwamfuta da aka haɗa ta da na'urar da ke ɗauke da x-ray. Ana iya yin allurar fenti a cikin jijiya ko haɗiye don taimakawa gabobin ko kyallen takarda su fito fili karara. Wannan hanya ana kiranta yanayin ƙididdigar lissafi, ƙirar kwamfuta, ko ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar kwamfuta.

Utedididdigar hoto (CT) na kai da wuya. Mai haƙuri yana kwance akan tebur wanda ke zamewa ta cikin na'urar daukar hotan takardu na CT, wanda ke ɗaukar hotunan x-ray na cikin kai da wuya.

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): Hanya ce don gano ƙwayoyin cuta masu illa a jiki. An sanya ƙwayar glucose mai ƙarancin rediyo (sukari) a cikin jijiya. Na'urar daukar hoton PET tana juyawa a jiki kuma tana yin hoto inda ake amfani da glucose a jiki. Kwayoyin cuta masu illa suna nuna haske a hoton saboda suna aiki kuma suna ɗaukar glucose fiye da ƙwayoyin al'ada. Ana iya amfani da sikanin PET don gano kansar nasopharyngeal wanda ya bazu zuwa ƙashi. Wani lokaci ana yin PET scan da CT scan a lokaci guda. Idan akwai wata cutar kansa, wannan yana kara damar samun sa.

• Gwajin duban dan tayi: Hanya ce wacce ake fitar da sautin karfi mai karfi (duban dan tayi) daga gabobin cikin ciki kuma suna yin kuwwa. Eararrawa ta haifar da hoton kayan jikin da ake kira sonogram. Ana iya buga hoton don a kalleshi daga baya.

• Kirjin x-ray: X-ray na gabobin da kasusuwa a cikin kirji. X-ray wani irin katako ne na katako wanda zai iya ratsa jiki zuwa fim, yana yin hoton wurare a cikin jiki.

• Nazarin ilimin sunadarai na jini: Hanya ce wacce ake bincikar samfurin jini don auna adadin wasu abubuwa da aka saki a cikin jini ta gabobi da kayan aiki a jiki. Adadin abu na yau da kullun (mafi girma ko ƙasa da al'ada) na iya zama alamar cuta.

• Cikakken ƙidayar jini (CBC): Hanyar da za'a zana samfurin jini kuma a bincika ta mai zuwa:

• Adadin jajayen ƙwayoyin jini, fararen ƙwayoyin jini, da platelets.

• Adadin haemoglobin (furotin da ke ɗauke da iskar oxygen) a cikin ƙwayoyin jinin jini.

• Yankin samfurin jini ya kunshi jajayen ƙwayoyin jini.

• Gwajin Epstein-Barr (EBV): Gwajin jini don bincika kwayoyin cuta na kwayar Epstein-Barr da alamomin DNA na kwayar Epstein-Barr. Ana samun waɗannan a cikin jinin marasa lafiya waɗanda suka kamu da EBV.

• Gwajin HPV (gwajin papillomavirus na ɗan adam): Gwajin gwaje-gwaje da aka yi amfani da su don bincika samfurin nama don wasu nau'in kamuwa da cutar ta HPV. Ana yin wannan gwajin ne saboda ana iya kamuwa da cutar nasopharyngeal ta HPV.

• Gwajin ji: Hanya ce don bincika ko ana iya jin sautuna masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi da ƙananan sauti da ƙara sauti. Ana bincikar kowane kunne daban.

Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Halin hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani sun dogara da masu zuwa:

• Girman kumburin.

• Matakin ciwon daji, gami da ko kansar ta bazu zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da ƙwayar lymph a cikin wuya.

• Babban matakin kwayoyin cutar EBV da alamomin EBV-DNA a cikin jini kafin da bayan magani.

Sauran abubuwan da zasu iya shafar hangen nesa sun haɗa da:

• Shekaru.

• Lokaci mai tsayi tsakanin biopsy da fara maganin fuka-fuka.

• Tarihin iyali.

• Shan taba sigari.

• Kifi mai gishiri a cikin abincin.

Matakan Ciwon Nasopharyngeal

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Bayan an bincikar kansar nasopharyngeal, ana yin gwaje-gwaje don gano ko kwayoyin cutar kansa sun bazu a cikin nasopharynx ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

• Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa daga inda ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki.

• Ana amfani da matakai masu zuwa don ciwon daji na nasopharyngeal:

• Mataki na 0

• Mataki Na

• Mataki na II

• Mataki na III

• Mataki na IV

• Bayan tiyata, matakin kansar na iya canzawa kuma ana iya buƙatar ƙarin magani.

Bayan an bincikar kansar nasopharyngeal, ana yin gwaje-gwaje don gano ko kwayoyin cutar kansa sun bazu a cikin nasopharynx ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Hanyar da ake amfani da ita don gano ko cutar kansa ta bazu a cikin nasopharynx ko kuma zuwa wasu sassan jiki ana kiranta staging. Bayanin da aka tattara daga tsarin daukar matakan tantance matakin cutar. Yana da mahimmanci a san matakin don shirya magani. Sakamakon gwajin da aka yi amfani da shi don gano kansar nasopharyngeal galibi ana amfani da shi don ƙaddamar da cutar. (Duba Babban Bayanin Sashe.)

Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

Ciwon daji na iya yadawa ta hanyar nama, tsarin lymph, da jini:

• Nama. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta girma zuwa yankuna na kusa.

• Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya faro ta hanyar shiga cikin ƙwayoyin cuta. Ciwon daji yana bi ta cikin jirgin ruwan lymph zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Jini. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta hanyar shiga cikin jini. Ciwon daji yana bi ta hanyoyin jini zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa daga inda ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki.

Lokacin da cutar daji ta bazu zuwa wani sashin jiki, akan kira shi metastasis. Kwayoyin sankara suna ɓata daga inda suka fara (asalin ƙwayar cuta) kuma suna tafiya ta cikin tsarin lymph ko jini.

• Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji ya shiga cikin tsarin laminin, ya ratsa ta cikin jiragen ruwan lymph, kuma ya samar da ƙari (metastatic tumo) a wani ɓangaren jiki.

• Jini. Ciwon kansa ya shiga cikin jini, ya bi ta hanyoyin jini, ya samar da ƙari (ƙwayar metastatic) a wani ɓangaren jiki.

Ciwon ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta shine irin ciwon daji kamar asalin farko. Misali, idan kansar nasopharyngeal ta bazu zuwa huhu, ƙwayoyin kansar da ke cikin huhun a zahiri sune ƙwayoyin kansar nasopharyngeal. Cutar ita ce kansar nasopharyngeal, ba ta huhun huhu ba.

Ana amfani da matakai masu zuwa don ciwon daji na nasopharyngeal:

Mataki na 0

A mataki na 0, ana samun ƙwayoyin halitta marasa kyau a cikin rufin nasopharynx. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na yau da kullun na iya zama cutar kansa kuma su bazu cikin nama na yau da kullun. Har ila yau ana kiran mataki na 0 carcinoma a cikin wuri.

Mataki Na

A cikin mataki na 1, ciwon daji ya samo asali kuma kansar:

• ana samun sa a cikin nasopharynx kawai; ko

• ya yadu daga nasopharynx zuwa oropharynx da / ko zuwa ramin hanci.

Ana auna girman girman tumo a santimita (cm) ko inci. Kayan abinci na yau da kullun waɗanda za'a iya amfani dasu don nuna girman ƙari a cm sun haɗa da: pea (cm 1), gyada (2 cm), innabi (3 cm), gyada (4 cm), lemun tsami (5 cm ko 2 inci), kwai (6 cm), peach (7 cm), da ɗan itacen inabi (inci 10 ko inci 4).

Mataki na II

A cikin mataki na II, ɗayan masu zuwa gaskiya ne:

• Ciwon daji ya yadu zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da ƙwayoyin lymph a gefe ɗaya na wuya da / ko zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da ƙwayoyin lymph a ɗaya ko duka gefen bayan maƙogwaron. Magungunan lymph ɗin da abin ya shafa su ne santimita 6 ko ƙarami. Ana samun ciwon daji:

• a cikin nasopharynx kawai ko ya yadu daga nasopharynx zuwa oropharynx da / ko zuwa ramin hanci; ko

• kawai a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin wuya. Kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin kwayar lymph suna dauke da kwayar Epstein-Barr (kwayar da ke da nasaba da sankarar nasopharyngeal).

• Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa sararin samaniya da / ko tsokoki kusa. Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da ƙwayoyin lymph a gefe ɗaya na wuya da / ko zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da ƙwayoyin lymph a ɗaya ko duka gefen bayan maƙogwaron. Magungunan lymph ɗin da abin ya shafa su ne santimita 6 ko ƙarami.

Mataki na III

A mataki na III, ɗayan masu zuwa gaskiya ne:

• Ciwon daji ya yadu zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da ƙwayoyin lymph a ɓangarorin biyu na wuya. Magungunan lymph ɗin da abin ya shafa su ne santimita 6 ko ƙarami. Ana samun ciwon daji:

• a cikin nasopharynx kawai ko ya yadu daga nasopharynx zuwa oropharynx da / ko zuwa ramin hanci; ko

• kawai a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin wuya. Kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin kwayar lymph suna dauke da kwayar Epstein-Barr (kwayar da ke da nasaba da sankarar nasopharyngeal).

• Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa sararin samaniya da / ko tsokoki kusa. Cancer ya kuma yada zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da ƙwayoyin lymph a ɓangarorin biyu na wuya. Magungunan lymph ɗin da abin ya shafa su ne santimita 6 ko ƙarami.

• Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa ƙasusuwan da ke ƙasan kokon kai, ƙasusuwan da ke wuyansa, tsokoki na muƙamuƙi, da / ko sinadarin da ke kewaye hanci da idanu. Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da ƙwayoyin lymph a ɗaya ko duka gefen wuya da / ko bayan maƙogwaro. Magungunan lymph ɗin da abin ya shafa su ne santimita 6 ko ƙarami.

Mataki na IV

Matsayi na IV ya kasu kashi-kashi IVA da IVB.

• A cikin mataki na IVA:

• Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa kwakwalwa, jijiyoyin kwanya, hypopharynx, gland na jiji a gaban kunne, ƙashi a kusa da ido, da / ko laushin laushin muƙamuƙi. Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da ƙwayoyin lymph a ɗaya ko duka gefen wuya da / ko bayan maƙogwaro. Lymph node ɗin da abin ya shafa su ne santimita 6 ko ƙarami; ko

• Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da ƙwayoyin lymph a ɗaya ko duka gefen wuya. Magungunan lymph da abin ya shafa sun fi girma fiye da santimita 6 kuma / ko kuma ana samun su a cikin mafi ƙasƙanci a cikin wuya.

• A cikin mataki na IVB: Ciwon daji ya bazu fiye da ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin wuyansa zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph masu nisa, kamar waɗanda ke tsakanin huhu, ƙasan ƙashin ƙugu, ko cikin hamata ko makwancin gwaiwa, ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki, kamar huhu, kashi, ko hanta.

Bayan tiyata, matakin kansar na iya canzawa kuma ana iya buƙatar ƙarin magani.

Idan an cire kansar ta hanyar tiyata, wani masanin ilimin ɗan adam zai bincika samfurin ƙwayoyin kansa a ƙarƙashin madubin likita. Wani lokaci, nazarin likitan yana haifar da canji zuwa matakin kansar kuma ƙarin magani bayan tiyata.

Maimaita Ciwon Nasopharyngeal

Maimaita nasopharyngeal cancer shine cutar kansa da ta sake dawowa (dawo) bayan an warke ta. Ciwon kansa na iya dawowa a cikin nasopharynx ko kuma a wasu sassan jiki.

Bayanin Zaɓin Jiyya

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Akwai nau'ikan magani iri daban-daban ga marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar sankarau.

• Ana amfani da nau'i uku na daidaitaccen magani:

• Radiation far

• Chemotherapy

• Tiyata

• Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

• Jiyya don ciwon daji na nasopharyngeal na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa.

• Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

• Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

• Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Akwai nau'ikan magani iri daban-daban ga marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar sankarau.

Akwai nau'ikan magani daban-daban ga marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar sankarau. Wasu jiyya suna daidaito (magani da ake amfani dashi yanzu), kuma wasu ana gwada su a gwajin asibiti. Gwajin gwajin magani shine binciken bincike wanda aka tsara don taimakawa inganta ingantattun jiyya na yanzu ko samun bayanai game da sababbin jiyya ga marasa lafiya da ciwon daji. Lokacin da gwaji na asibiti ya nuna cewa sabon magani ya fi magani na yau da kullun, sabon magani na iya zama daidaitaccen magani. Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti. Wasu gwaji na asibiti ana buɗe su ne kawai ga marasa lafiyar da basu fara magani ba.

Ana amfani da nau'i uku na daidaitaccen magani:

Radiation far

Radiation therapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda yake amfani da hasken rana mai ƙarfi ko wasu nau'ikan radiation don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa ko hana su girma. Akwai nau'o'in maganin radiation guda biyu:

• Magungunan radiation na waje yana amfani da inji a waje don aika radiation zuwa ga cutar kansa.

Magungunan radiation na waje-katako na kai da wuya. Ana amfani da wata na'ura don amfani da iska mai karfi ga cutar kansa. Injin na iya juyawa a kusa da mai haƙuri, yana sadar da radiation daga kusurwa daban-daban don samar da jiyya mai daidaituwa. Abin rufe fuska yana taimaka wajan kiyayewa da wuyan mara lafiya daga motsi yayin jiyya. Ana sanya ƙananan alamun tawada a kan abin rufe fuska. Ana amfani da alamun tawada don yin amfani da injin fitila a wuri guda kafin kowane magani.

Wasu hanyoyi na ba da maganin fitila na iya taimakawa kiyaye radiation daga lalata lafiyar nama mai kusa. Wadannan nau'ikan maganin radiation sun hada da masu zuwa:

• Radiationarfin ƙwayar cuta mai ƙarfi (IMRT): IMRT wani nau'i ne na maganin fitilar 3-girma (3-D) wanda ke amfani da kwamfuta don yin hotunan girman da siffar kumburin. Beananan bakin katako na iska mai ƙarfi daban-daban (ƙarfi) ana nufin kumburin daga kusurwa da yawa. Idan aka kwatanta da daidaitaccen maganin fure-fure, ƙarfin warkewar radiation mai sauƙi na iya zama ƙasa da yiwuwar haifar da bushe baki.

• Magungunan radiation na stereotactic: An haɗa firam mai tsayayyen kai da kwanyar don kiyaye kai a tsaye yayin maganin radiation. Na'ura tana nufin nishaɗin kai tsaye a ƙari. Jimlar kashi na radiation ta kasu kashi kanana da yawa da aka ba su a cikin kwanaki da yawa. Wannan hanyar ana kiranta kwayar cututtukan steraotactic na waje-katako na radiation da kuma kula da hasken stereotaxic.

• Magungunan radiation na ciki yana amfani da abu mai tasirin rediyo wanda aka rufe a cikin allurai, tsaba, wayoyi, ko catheters waɗanda aka sanya kai tsaye zuwa ko kusa da ciwon daji.

Hanyar da ake ba da maganin raɗarar ya dogara da nau'in da matakin cutar kansa. Ana amfani da magungunan radiation na waje da na ciki don magance ciwon daji na nasopharyngeal.

Magungunan radiation na waje zuwa glandar thyroid ko gland shine zai iya canza hanyar aikin glandar. Gwajin jini don bincika matakin hawan kawan a cikin jini ana yinsa kafin da bayan farwa don tabbatar glandon yana aiki yadda yakamata. Yana da mahimmanci likitan hakori ya duba hakorin mara lafiyar, gumis, da bakinsa, kuma ya gyara duk wata matsala da ke akwai kafin farfajiyar fitila ta fara.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda ke amfani da magunguna don dakatar da haɓakar ƙwayoyin kansa, ko dai ta hanyar kashe ƙwayoyin ko ta hana su rarraba. Lokacin da ake shan chemotherapy ta baki ko allura a cikin jijiya ko tsoka, magungunan suna shiga cikin jini kuma zasu iya kaiwa ga kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin jiki duka (systemotherapy chemotherapy). Lokacin da aka sanya chemotherapy kai tsaye zuwa cikin ruwa mai ruɓaɓɓen ciki, gaɓoɓi, ko rami na jiki kamar ciki, magungunan yawanci suna shafar ƙwayoyin kansa ne a waɗancan yankuna. Hanyar da ake ba da cutar sankara ta dogara da nau'in da matakin cutar kansa.

Ana iya ba da magani don yin magani don kashe duk ƙwayoyin cutar kansa da suka rage. Jiyya da aka bayar bayan farfajiyar fitila, don rage haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon kansa zai dawo, ana kiran sa adjuvant therapy.

Duba Magungunan da aka Amince dasu don Ciwon kai da wuyansu don ƙarin bayani. (Ciwon daji na Nasopharyngeal wani nau'in ciwon kansa ne da wuya.)

Tiyata

Yin aikin tiyata hanya ce ta gano ko kansar tana nan, don cire kansa daga jiki, ko kuma gyara ɓangaren jikin. Har ila yau ana kiranta aiki. A wasu lokuta ana amfani da tiyata don ciwon daji na nasopharyngeal wanda baya amsa maganin radiation. Idan ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph, likita na iya cire ƙwayoyin lymph da sauran kayan kyamara a cikin wuya.

Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

Ana samun bayani game da gwaji na asibiti daga gidan yanar gizon NCI.

Jiyya don ciwon daji na nasopharyngeal na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa.

Don bayani game da illolin da cutar ta kansar ta haifar, duba shafin mu na Side Side.

Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

Ga wasu marasa lafiya, shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya zama mafi kyawun zaɓin magani. Gwajin gwaji wani bangare ne na aikin binciken cutar kansa. Ana yin gwaje-gwajen asibiti don gano ko sabbin maganin cutar daji suna da lafiya da tasiri ko kuma sun fi magani na yau da kullun.

Yawancin yau da kullun na yau da kullun don cutar kansa sun dogara ne akan gwajin asibiti na farko. Marasa lafiya da ke cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya karɓar daidaitaccen magani ko kuma su kasance cikin farkon waɗanda za su karɓi sabon magani.

Marasa lafiya da ke shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti suma suna taimakawa inganta hanyar da za a bi da kansar a nan gaba. Koda lokacin gwajin asibiti bai haifar da sababbin magunguna ba, sau da yawa sukan amsa mahimman tambayoyi kuma suna taimakawa ci gaba da bincike gaba.

Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

Wasu gwaji na asibiti kawai sun haɗa da marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su sami magani ba tukuna. Sauran gwaje-gwajen suna gwada jiyya ga marasa lafiya waɗanda cutar kansa ba ta samu sauki ba. Hakanan akwai gwaji na asibiti da ke gwada sabbin hanyoyin dakatar da cutar kansa daga sake dawowa (dawowa) ko rage tasirin maganin kansar.

Gwajin gwaji na gudana a sassa da yawa na ƙasar. Bayani game da gwajin asibiti wanda NCI ke tallafawa ana iya samun shi akan shafin binciken gwaji na NCI. Ana iya samun gwajin gwaji na asibiti wanda wasu kungiyoyi ke tallafawa akan gidan yanar gizon ClinicalTrials.gov.

Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Za a iya maimaita wasu gwaje-gwajen da aka yi don gano cutar kansa ko don gano matakin cutar kansa. Za a maimaita wasu gwaje-gwaje don ganin yadda magani ke aiki. Shawarwari game da ci gaba, canji, ko dakatar da magani na iya dogara ne da sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.

Wasu daga cikin gwaje-gwajen za a ci gaba da yi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci bayan an gama jiyya. Sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya nuna idan yanayin ku ya canza ko kuma idan kansar ta sake dawowa (dawo). Wadannan gwaje-gwajen wasu lokuta ana kiran su gwaje-gwaje na gaba ko dubawa.

Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya ta Mataki

A Wannan Sashin

• Mataki Na Nasopharyngeal Cancer

• Mataki na II Nasopharyngeal Cancer

• Mataki na III Nasopharyngeal Cancer

• Mataki na hudu Nasopharyngeal Cancer

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Mataki Na Nasopharyngeal Cancer

Jiyya na matakin I nasopharyngeal ciwon daji yawanci far radiation far zuwa ƙari da Lymph nodes a cikin wuyansa.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Mataki na II Nasopharyngeal Cancer

Jiyya na ciwon daji na nasopharyngeal na II na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Chemotherapy da aka ba shi tare da maganin radiation, sannan kuma ƙarin chemotherapy.

• Radiation far zuwa ƙari da lymph nodes a cikin wuyansa.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Mataki na III Nasopharyngeal Cancer

Jiyya na mataki na III nasopharyngeal ciwon daji na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Chemotherapy da aka ba shi tare da maganin radiation, wanda ƙila za a iya bi da shi da ƙarin maganin ƙwaƙwalwar.

• Radiation far.

• Radiation radiation wanda aka biyo bayan tiyata don cire ƙwayoyin lymph-masu ciwon daji a wuyansa wanda ya rage ko dawowa bayan maganin radiation.

• Gwajin gwaji na kimiyyar magani da aka bayar kafin, tare da, ko bayan farkewar radiation.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Mataki na hudu Nasopharyngeal Cancer

Jiyya na mataki na huɗu na ciwon sankara na nasopharyngeal na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Chemotherapy da aka ba shi tare da maganin radiation, sannan kuma ƙarin chemotherapy.

• Radiation far.

• Radiation radiation wanda aka biyo bayan tiyata don cire ƙwayoyin lymph-masu ciwon daji a wuyansa wanda ya rage ko dawowa bayan maganin radiation.

• Chemotherapy don ciwon daji wanda ya daidaita (yada) zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Gwajin gwaji na kimiyyar magani da aka bayar kafin, tare da, ko bayan farkewar radiation.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don Ciwon Nasopharyngeal Cancer

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Jiyya na ciwon sankara na nasopharyngeal na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Radiationarfin ƙarfin radiation na zamani mai saurin ƙarfi, maganin haskakawa ta iska, ko farfado da radiation cikin gida.

• Tiyata.

• Chemotherapy.

• Gwajin gwaji na chemotherapy.

• Gwajin gwaji na maganin cututtukan radiation na stereotactic.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Don ƙarin koyo game da Ciwon Nasopharyngeal

Don ƙarin bayani daga Cibiyar Cancer ta aboutasa game da ciwon daji na nasopharyngeal, duba mai zuwa:

• Shafin Gida da Kai

• Maganin maganganun Chemotherapy da Radiation Kai / Neck

• An Amince da Magunguna don Ciwon kai da Ciwan wuya

• Kai da wuya Cancer

Don cikakkun bayanai game da cutar kansa da sauran albarkatu daga Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa, duba mai zuwa:

• Game da Ciwon daji

• Tsayawa

• Chemotherapy da ku: Tallafi ga Mutanen da ke Ciwon daji

• Radiation Far da Kai: Taimako ga Mutane Tare da Ciwon daji

• Yin fama da Ciwon daji

• Tambayoyi don Tambayar Doctor game da Ciwon daji

• Don Tsira da Kulawa