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Intraocular (Uveal) Tsarin Maganin Melanoma

Janar Bayani Game da Intraocular (Uveal) Melanoma

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Intraocular melanoma wata cuta ce wacce mugayen ƙwayoyin cuta (keɓaɓɓun ƙwayoyin cuta) ke kamawa a cikin kyallen ido.

• Kasancewa mai tsufa da kuma samun fata mai kyau na iya ƙara haɗarin ciwon ciki na ciki.

• Alamomin cutar melanoma na ciki sun hada da gani mara haske ko kuma wuri mai duhu akan iris.

• Gwajin da ke nazarin ido ana amfani dashi don taimakawa gano (gano) da kuma gano melanoma na ciki.

• Biopsy na ƙari ba safai ake buƙata don tantance melanoma intraocular ba.

• Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Intraocular melanoma wata cuta ce wacce mugayen ƙwayoyin cuta (keɓaɓɓun ƙwayoyin cuta) ke kamawa a cikin kyallen ido.

Intraocular melanoma yana farawa a tsakiyar yadudduka uku na bangon ido. Launin na waje ya hada da farin kwalara ("fari na ido") da kuma kyakkyawan gani a gaban ido. Launin ciki yana da rufin jijiya, wanda ake kira retina, wanda ke jin haske da aika hotuna tare da jijiyar ido zuwa kwakwalwa.

Matsakaicin tsakiya, inda melanoma yake ciki, ana kiran shi uvea ko uveal tract, kuma yana da manyan sassa uku:

Iris

Iris yanki ne mai launi a gaban ido ("launin launi"). Ana iya ganin shi ta hanyar cornea mai tsabta. Palibin yana tsakiyar tsakiyar iris kuma yana canza girman don barin karin haske zuwa ido. Intraocular melanoma na iris yawanci karamin ƙari ne wanda ke girma a hankali kuma da wuya ya bazu zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Jikin Ciliary

Jikin ciliary zobe ne na nama tare da zaren tsoka wanda ke canza girman dalibi da fasalin ruwan tabarau. Ana samun sa a bayan iris. Canje-canje a cikin surar tabarau yana taimaka wa ido ya mai da hankali. Jikin ciliary kuma yana sanya tsarkakakken ruwa wanda ya cika sararin tsakanin cornea da iris. Cutar ciki na jikin ciliary galibi ya fi girma kuma zai iya yaɗuwa zuwa wasu sassan jiki fiye da melanoma na cikin iris.

Choroid

Choroid shine jerin jijiyoyin jini wanda ke kawo oxygen da abinci a ido. Yawancin ƙwayar melanomas na intraocular suna farawa a cikin ƙwayar cuta. Intraocular melanoma na choroid galibi ya fi girma kuma zai iya yaɗuwa zuwa wasu sassan jiki fiye da intraocular melanoma na iris.

Anatomy na ido, nuna waje da ciki na ido ciki har da sclera, cornea, iris, ciliary body, choroid, retina, vitreous humor, and optic nerve. Abin ban dariya shine ruwa mai cika tsakiyar ido.

Intraocular melanoma wani nau'in sankara ne wanda ba kasafai yake faruwa ba daga kwayoyin halitta wadanda ke samar da melanin a cikin iris, jikin mara, da kuma choroid. Ita ce cutar sankara ido a cikin manya.

Kasancewa mai tsufa da kuma samun fata mai kyau na iya ƙara haɗarin ciwon ciki na ciki.

Duk wani abu da zai kara maka hadarin kamuwa da cuta to ana kiran sa mai hadari. Samun haɗari ba ya nufin cewa za ku kamu da cutar kansa; ba tare da haɗarin abubuwan haɗari ba yana nufin cewa ba zaku sami cutar kansa ba. Yi magana da likitanka idan kuna tsammanin kuna iya fuskantar haɗari.

Abubuwan haɗarin haɗarin melanoma na intraocular sun haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Samun fata mai kyau, wanda ya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Fata mai kyau wacce tayi freckles kuma take konewa cikin sauki, baya tanti, ko kuma yayi rauni sosai.

• Shuɗi ko kore ko wasu idanu masu launin haske.

• Yawan shekaru.

• Kasancewa fari.

Alamomin cutar melanoma na ciki sun hada da gani mara haske ko kuma wuri mai duhu akan iris.

Melanoma na ciki ba zai iya haifar da alamun farko ko alamun bayyanar ba. Wani lokacin akan same shi yayin gwajin ido na yau da kullun lokacin da likita ya fadada dalibin kuma ya kalli cikin ido. Ana iya haifar da alamu da cututtukan ta hanyar ƙananan ciki ko wasu yanayi. Duba tare da likitanka idan kuna da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Burin gani ko wani canji a hangen nesa.

• Masu shawagi (tabo da ke shawagi a fagen hangen nesa) ko walƙiyar haske.

• Matsayi mai duhu akan iris.

• Canji a cikin girma ko fasalin ɗalibin.

• Canji a matsayin ƙwalwar ido a cikin kwasan ido.

Gwajin da ke nazarin ido ana amfani dashi don taimakawa gano (gano) da kuma gano melanoma na ciki.

Za a iya amfani da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da hanyoyin:

• Jarabawa ta jiki da tarihi: Jarabawa ce ta jiki don bincika alamomin lafiya gaba ɗaya, gami da bincika alamun cuta, kamar kumburi ko wani abu da kamar baƙon abu. Za a kuma ɗauki tarihin al'adun lafiyar marasa lafiya da cututtukan da suka gabata da magunguna.

• Gwajin ido tare da ruɓaɓɓen ɗalibi: Nazarin idanun da aka ɗaliban ɗalibin (faɗaɗa) tare da maganin ido don ba da damar likita ya duba cikin tabarau kuma ɗalibin zuwa tantanin ido. Ana duba cikin ido, gami da kwayar ido da ƙwayar ido. Ana iya ɗaukar hotuna a kan lokaci don kiyaye canjin canje-canje a cikin girman kumburin. Akwai gwaje-gwajen ido da yawa:

• Ophthalmoscopy: Gwajin cikin bayan ido ne don auna ido da jijiyar gani ta amfani da ƙaramin ruwan tabarau da haske.

• Tsaguwa-fitilar biomicroscopy: Gwajin cikin ido ne domin duba kwayar ido, jijiyar ido, da sauran sassan ido ta amfani da katako mai haske da madubin hangen nesa.

• Gonioscopy: Jarrabawar gaban ido tsakanin kwayar cuta da iris. Ana amfani da kayan aiki na musamman don ganin idan an toshe yankin da ruwa yake fita daga ido.

• Gwajin duban dan tayi na ido: Hanya ce wacce ake fitar da igiyar ruwa mai karfi (duban dan tayi) daga kyallen fatar cikin ido don amsa kuwwa. Ana amfani da digo na ido don dushe ido kuma ana sanya ƙaramin binciken da ke aikawa da karɓar raƙuman sauti a hankali akan fuskar ido. Eararrawar suna yin hoton daga cikin ido kuma ana auna nisan daga cornea zuwa retina. Hoton, wanda ake kira sonogram, yana nuna akan allon na duban dan tayi.

• High-resolution duban dan tayi biomicroscopy: Hanya ce wacce ake fitar da igiyoyin sauti masu karfi (duban dan tayi) daga kyallen fatar cikin ido don yin kuwwa. Ana amfani da digo na ido don dushe ido kuma ana sanya ƙaramin binciken da ke aikawa da karɓar raƙuman sauti a hankali akan fuskar ido. Eararrakin suna yin cikakken hoto na cikin ido fiye da duban dan tayi. Ana bincikar ƙwayar don girmanta, siffarta, da kaurinta, da kuma alamun da ke nuna cewa ƙwayar ta bazu zuwa kayan da ke kusa.

• Hasken haske na duniya da iris: Gwajin iris, cornea, ruwan tabarau, da jikin ciliary tare da haske wanda aka sanya akan kofan babba ko ƙananan.

• Fluorescein angiography: Hanya ce don kallon magudanan jini da gudan jini a cikin ido. An sanya fenti mai haske mai haske (fluorescein) a cikin jijiyoyin jini a cikin hannu kuma ya shiga cikin jini. Yayinda rini ke tafiya ta jijiyoyin jini na ido, kyamara ta musamman tana daukar hotunan kwayar ido da choroid domin gano duk wuraren da suka toshe ko kuma zuba.

• Indocyanine kore angiography: Hanyar da za'a kalli jijiyoyin jini a cikin kwayar ido ta ido. An saka fenti mai ɗanye (indocyanine kore) a cikin jijiya ta jini a cikin hannu kuma ya shiga cikin jini. Yayinda rini ke tafiya ta jijiyoyin jini na ido, kyamara ta musamman tana daukar hotunan kwayar ido da choroid domin gano duk wuraren da suka toshe ko kuma zuba.

• Ocular coherence tomography: Gwajin hoto ne wanda yake amfani da raƙuman haske don ɗaukar hotunan ɓangaren sassan ido, da kuma wani lokacin choroid, don ganin ko akwai kumburi ko ruwa a ƙarƙashin tantanin ido.

Biopsy na ƙari ba safai ake buƙata don tantance melanoma intraocular ba.

Biopsy shine cire ƙwayoyin halitta ko kyallen takarda don haka ana iya kallon su a ƙarƙashin microscope don bincika alamun kansar. Ba da daɗewa ba, ana buƙatar biopsy na ƙari don bincika melanoma na ciki. Za a iya gwada nama da aka cire yayin nazarin halittu ko aikin tiyata don cire kumburin don samun ƙarin bayani game da hangen nesa kuma waɗanne hanyoyin zaɓin magani ne mafi kyau.

Za'a iya yin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa akan samfurin nama:

• Nazarin Cytogenetic: Gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje wanda ake kirga chromosomes na sel a cikin samfurin nama kuma ana bincika su kowane canje-canje, kamar karye, ɓacewa, sake gyarawa, ko ƙarin ƙwanƙwanni. Canje-canje a cikin wasu chromosomes na iya zama alamar cutar kansa. Ana amfani da nazarin Cytogenetic don taimakawa gano cutar kansa, shirya magani, ko gano yadda magani ke aiki.

• Bayyana yanayin bayyana jinni: Gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje wanda ke gano dukkanin kwayoyin halittar dake cikin kwayar halitta ko nama wanda ke yin (bayyana) manzon RNA Kwayoyin Messenger RNA suna dauke da bayanan kwayar halittar da ake bukata don samar da sunadarai daga DNA a cikin kwayar halitta zuwa injunan kera sunadarai a kwayar cytoplasm.

Biopsy na iya haifar da raunin ido (kwayar ido ta rabu da sauran kyallen takarda a ido). Ana iya gyara wannan ta hanyar tiyata.

Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Halin hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani sun dogara da masu zuwa:

• Ta yaya ƙwayoyin melanoma ke dubawa a ƙarƙashin madubi.

• Girman da kauri na ƙari.

• Bangaren ido kumburin yana a cikin (iris, jikin silili, ko choroid).

• Ko kumburin ya yadu a cikin ido ko zuwa wasu wurare a cikin jiki.

• Ko akwai wasu canje-canje a cikin kwayoyin halittar da ke hade da melanoma intraocular.

• Mai haƙuri da shekaru da kuma general kiwon lafiya.

• Ko kumburin ya sake dawowa (dawowa) bayan jiyya.

Matakan Intraocular (Uveal) Melanoma

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Bayan an gano melanoma na cikin intraocular, ana yin gwaji don gano ko kwayoyin cutar kansa sun bazu zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Ana amfani da girman masu zuwa don bayyana melanoma intraocular da kuma shirya magani:

• .Arami

• Matsakaici

• Babba

• Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

• Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa daga inda ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki.

• Ana amfani da matakai masu zuwa don cutar ciki na jikin ciliary da choroid:

• Mataki Na

• Mataki na II

• Mataki na III

• Mataki na IV

• Babu tsarin tsarkewa don maganin cikin ciki na iris.

Bayan an gano melanoma na cikin intraocular, ana yin gwaji don gano ko kwayoyin cutar kansa sun bazu zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Hanyar da ake amfani da ita don gano ko cutar daji ta bazu zuwa wasu sassan jiki ana kiranta staging. Bayanin da aka tattara daga tsarin daukar matakan tantance matakin cutar. Yana da mahimmanci a san matakin don shirya magani.

Za'a iya amfani da gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin masu zuwa a cikin aikin tsayarwa:

• Nazarin ilimin sunadarai na jini: Hanya ce wacce ake bincikar samfurin jini don auna adadin wasu abubuwa da aka saki a cikin jini ta gabobi da kayan aiki a jiki. Adadin abu na yau da kullun (mafi girma ko ƙasa da al'ada) na iya zama alamar cuta.

• Gwajin aikin hanta: Hanya ce wacce ake bincika samfurin jini don auna adadin wasu abubuwa da hanta ke fitarwa cikin jini. Yawan abu mafi girma fiye da al'ada na iya zama alama ce ta cutar kansa ta bazu zuwa hanta.

• Gwajin duban dan tayi: Hanya ce wacce ake fitar da igiyar ruwa mai karfi (duban dan tayi) daga kyallen ciki ko gabobin ciki, kamar hanta, kuma suna yin kuwwa. Eararrawa ta haifar da hoton kayan jikin da ake kira sonogram.

• Kirjin x-ray: X-ray na gabobin da kasusuwa a cikin kirji. X-ray wani irin katako ne na katako wanda zai iya ratsa jiki zuwa fim, yana yin hoton wurare a cikin jiki.

• MRI (hoton maganadisu ): Hanya ce wacce ke amfani da maganadisu, raƙuman rediyo, da kuma kwamfuta don yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, kamar hanta. Wannan hanya ana kiranta kuma ana kiranta hoton maganadisu na maganadisu (NMRI).

• CT scan (CAT scan): Hanya ce da ke yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, kamar kirji, ciki, ko ƙashin ƙugu, waɗanda aka ɗauka daga kusurwa daban-daban. Ana yin hotunan ne ta wata kwamfuta da aka haɗa ta da na'urar da ke ɗauke da x-ray. Ana iya yin allurar fenti a cikin jijiya ko haɗiye don taimakawa gabobin ko kyallen takarda su fito fili karara. Wannan hanyar ana kiranta kuma aikin sarrafa hoto, tsarin kimiyyar kwamfuta, ko kuma gwada ilimin kimiyyar kwamfuta.

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): Hanya ce don gano ƙwayoyin cuta masu illa a jiki. Ana shigar da ƙaramin ƙaramin ƙwayar glucose (sukari) a cikin jijiya. Na'urar daukar hoton PET tana juyawa a jiki kuma tana yin hoto inda ake amfani da glucose a jiki. Kwayoyin cuta masu illa suna nuna haske a hoton saboda suna aiki kuma suna ɗaukar glucose fiye da ƙwayoyin al'ada. Wani lokaci ana yin PET scan da CT scan a lokaci guda. Idan akwai wata cutar kansa, wannan yana kara damar samun sa.

Ana amfani da girman masu zuwa don bayyana melanoma intraocular da kuma shirya magani:

.Arami

Ciwan yana da milimita 5 zuwa 16 kuma daga kauri milimita 1 zuwa 3.

Milimita (mm). Mizanin fensir mai kaifi kusan 1 mm ne, sabon mahimmin mahimmin rubutu shine kusan 2 mm, kuma sabon goge fensir yakai 5 mm.

Matsakaici

Ciwan shine milimita 16 ko ƙarami a diamita kuma daga 3.1 zuwa 8 milimita mai kauri.

Babba

Cutar ƙari ita ce:

• fiye da 8 milimita lokacin farin ciki da kowane diamita; ko

• aƙalla mai kauri milimita 2 kuma fiye da milimita 16 a diamita.

Kodayake yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta na melanoma suna tashi, wasu suna kwance. Wadannan cututtukan tumatir suna yaduwa ko'ina cikin uvea.

Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

Ciwon daji na iya yadawa ta hanyar nama, tsarin lymph, da jini:

• Nama. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta girma zuwa yankuna na kusa.

• Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya faro ta hanyar shiga cikin ƙwayoyin cuta. Ciwon daji yana bi ta cikin jirgin ruwan lymph zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Jini. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta hanyar shiga cikin jini. Ciwon daji yana bi ta hanyoyin jini zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Idan melanoma na cikin intraocular ya bazu zuwa jijiyar gani ko nama kusa da soket ɗin ido, ana kiransa ƙari.

Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa daga inda ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki.

Lokacin da cutar daji ta bazu zuwa wani sashin jiki, akan kira shi metastasis. Kwayoyin sankara suna ɓata daga inda suka fara (asalin ƙwayar cuta) kuma suna tafiya ta cikin tsarin lymph ko jini.

• Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji ya shiga cikin tsarin laminin, ya ratsa ta cikin jiragen ruwan lymph, kuma ya samar da ƙari (metastatic tumo) a wani ɓangaren jiki.

• Jini. Ciwon kansa ya shiga cikin jini, ya bi ta hanyoyin jini, ya samar da ƙari (ƙwayar metastatic) a wani ɓangaren jiki.

Ciwon ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta shine irin ciwon daji kamar asalin farko. Misali, idan kwayar cutar intraocular melanoma ta bazu zuwa hanta, kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin hanta sune ainihin ƙwayoyin melanoma na cikin intraocular. Cutar ita ce melanoma ta cikin intraocular, ba kansar hanta ba.

Ana amfani da matakai masu zuwa don cutar ciki na jikin ciliary da choroid:

Intraocular melanoma na jikin ciliary da choroid yana da nau'ikan girma hudu. Abun ya dogara da yadda fadi da kuma kaurin ciwon yake. Tumwayoyin 1 na areananan sune ƙananan kuma ƙananan 4 na ƙari sune mafi girma.

Nau'in 1:

• Ciwan bai wuce milimita 12 ba kuma bai fi kaurin milimita 3 ba; ko

• kumburin bai fi milimita 9 fadi ba kuma kaurin milimita 3.1 zuwa 6.

Rukuni na 2:

• Ciwan yana da fadi da milimita 12.1 zuwa 18 kuma bai fi kaurin milimita 3 ba; ko

• kumburin yana da milimita 9.1 zuwa 15 mai faɗi kuma kaurin milimita 3.1 zuwa 6; ko

• kumburin bai fi milimita 12 da fadi ba kuma kaurin milimita 6.1 zuwa 9.

Nau'i na 3:

• Ciwan yana da fadin milimita 15.1 zuwa 18 kuma kaurin milimita 3.1 zuwa 6; ko

• kumburin yana da milimita 12.1 zuwa 18 kuma kaurin milimita 6.1 zuwa 9; ko

• kumburin bai fi milimita 18 fadi ba kuma kauri 9.1 zuwa 12; ko

• kumburin bai fi milimita 15 da fadi ba kuma kaurin milimita 12.1 zuwa 15.

Rukuni na 4:

• Ciwan ya fi milimita 18 fadi kuma yana iya zama kowane kauri; ko

• kumburin yana da milimita 15.1 zuwa 18 kuma ya fi milimita 12 kauri; ko

• kumburin bai fi milimita 15 da fadi ba kuma ya fi milimita 15 kauri.

Mataki Na

A mataki na 1, kumburin shine girman nau'ikan 1 kuma yana cikin choroid kawai.

Mataki na II

Mataki na II ya kasu kashi-kashi IIA da IIB.

• A mataki na IIA, ƙari:

• girman rukuni ne na 1 kuma ya yadu zuwa gawar kera; ko

• girman rukuni ne na 1 kuma ya yadu a cikin kwayar cutar zuwa wajen ƙwallon ido. Bangaren kumburin da ke wajen ƙwallon ido bai wuce kaurin milimita 5 ba. Mayila ciwace ciwacen ya bazu * ga jikin silili; ko

• shine girman rukuni na 2 kuma yana cikin choroid kawai.

• A mataki na IIB, ƙari:

• girman rukuni ne na 2 kuma ya yadu zuwa gawar kera; ko

• shine girman rukuni na 3 kuma yana cikin choroid kawai.

Mataki na III

Mataki na III ya kasu kashi biyu IIIA, IIIB, da IIIC.

• A mataki na IIIA, ƙari:

• girman rukuni ne na 2 kuma ya yadu ta cikin kwayar cutar zuwa wajen kwaltar ido. Bangaren kumburin da ke wajen ƙwallon ido bai wuce kaurin milimita 5 ba. Mayila ciwon ƙwayar ya yadu zuwa jikin ciliary; ko

• girman rukuni ne na 3 kuma ya yadu zuwa gawar kera; ko

• girman rukuni ne na 3 kuma ya yadu ta cikin kwayar cutar zuwa wajen kwayar idanun. Bangaren kumburin da ke wajen ƙwallon ido bai wuce kaurin milimita 5 ba. Ciwan bai yadu zuwa jikin ciliary ba; ko

• shine girman rukuni na 4 kuma yana cikin choroid kawai.

• A mataki na IIIB, ƙari:

• girman rukuni ne na 3 kuma ya yadu ta cikin kwayar cutar zuwa wajen kwayar idanun. Bangaren kumburin da ke wajen ƙwallon ido bai wuce kaurin milimita 5 ba. Ciwon daji ya yada zuwa jikin ciliary; ko

• girman rukuni ne na 4 kuma ya yadu zuwa gawar kera; ko

• girman rukuni na 4 ne kuma ya yadu ta cikin kwayar cutar zuwa wajen kwayar idanun. Bangaren kumburin da ke wajen ƙwallon ido bai wuce kaurin milimita 5 ba. Ciwan bai yadu zuwa jikin ciliary ba.

• A mataki na IIIC, ƙari:

• girman rukuni na 4 ne kuma ya yadu ta cikin kwayar cutar zuwa wajen kwayar idanun. Bangaren kumburin da ke wajen ƙwallon ido bai wuce kaurin milimita 5 ba. Ciwon daji ya yada zuwa jikin ciliary; ko

• na iya zama kowane irin girma kuma ya yadu ta cikin kwayar cutar zuwa wajen ƙwallon ido. Bangaren kumburin da ke wajen ƙwallon ido ya girmi fiye da milimita 5.

Mataki na IV

A mataki na hudu, ƙari zai iya zama kowane girman kuma ya bazu:

• zuwa ɗaya ko fiye da alamun kumburin kusa ko zuwa kwandon ido dabam daga ƙari na farko; ko

• zuwa wasu sassan jiki, kamar hanta, huhu, ƙashi, kwakwalwa, ko nama ƙarƙashin fata.

Babu tsarin tsarkewa don maganin cikin ciki na iris.

Maimaita Intraocular (Uveal) Melanoma

Sake dawo da cutar cikin gida melanoma shine cutar sankara wacce ta sake dawowa (dawo) bayan an magance ta. Melanoma na iya dawowa cikin ido ko a wasu sassan jiki.

Bayanin Zaɓin Jiyya

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Akwai nau'ikan jiyya iri daban-daban ga marasa lafiya da melanoma na ciki.

• Ana amfani da nau'i biyar na daidaitaccen magani:

• Tiyata

• Jiran Jira

• Radiation far

• Photocoagulation

• Thermotherapy

• Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

• Jiyya don ƙwayar intraocular (uveal) melanoma na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa.

• Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

• Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

• Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Akwai nau'ikan jiyya iri daban-daban ga marasa lafiya da melanoma na ciki.

Akwai nau'ikan jiyya iri daban-daban ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar ciki. Wasu jiyya suna daidaito (magani da ake amfani dashi yanzu), kuma wasu ana gwada su a gwajin asibiti. Gwajin gwajin magani shine binciken bincike wanda aka tsara don taimakawa inganta ingantattun jiyya na yanzu ko samun bayanai game da sababbin jiyya ga marasa lafiya da ciwon daji. Lokacin da gwaji na asibiti ya nuna cewa sabon magani ya fi magani na yau da kullun, sabon magani na iya zama daidaitaccen magani. Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti. Wasu gwaji na asibiti ana buɗe su ne kawai ga marasa lafiyar da basu fara magani ba.

Ana amfani da nau'i biyar na daidaitaccen magani:

Tiyata

Yin aikin tiyata shine magani mafi mahimmanci don melanoma na intraocular. Za'a iya amfani da nau'ikan tiyata masu zuwa:

• Bincike: Tiyata don cire ƙari da ƙananan ƙoshin lafiya a kusa da shi.

• Fitar da ciki: Tiyata don cire ido da ɓangaren jijiyoyin gani. Ana yin wannan idan ba za'a iya samun damar hangen nesa ba kuma ƙari yana da girma, ya bazu zuwa jijiyar gani, ko kuma yana haifar da matsin lamba a cikin ido. Bayan tiyata, yawanci ana sanya mara lafiya ido na wucin gadi don dacewa da girma da launi na ɗayan idon.

• Exenteration: Tiyata don cire ido da fatar ido, da tsokoki, jijiyoyi, da kitse a cikin kwasan ido. Bayan tiyata, ana iya sanya mara lafiyar ido na wucin gadi don dacewa da girma da launi na ɗayan idon ko kuma gyaran fuska.

Jiran Jira

Tsayawa a hankali yana lura da yanayin mai haƙuri ba tare da ba da wani magani ba har sai alamu ko alamu sun bayyana ko canzawa. Ana daukar hotuna a kan lokaci don kiyaye sauye-sauye a cikin girman kumburin da kuma yadda yake saurin girma.

Ana amfani da jira da hankali ga marasa lafiya waɗanda basu da alamu ko alamomi kuma ƙari ba ya girma. Hakanan ana amfani dashi lokacin da ƙari ke cikin ido ɗaya tare da hangen nesa mai amfani.

Radiation far

Radiation therapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda yake amfani da hasken rana mai ƙarfi ko wasu nau'ikan radiation don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa ko hana su girma. Akwai nau'o'in maganin radiation guda biyu:

• Magungunan radiation na waje yana amfani da inji a waje don aika radiation zuwa ga cutar kansa. Wasu hanyoyi na ba da maganin fitila na iya taimakawa kiyaye radiation daga lalata lafiyar nama mai kusa. Waɗannan nau'ikan maganin radiation na waje sun haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Cajin-barbashi waje katako radiation far ne wani nau'i na waje-katako radiation far. Wani inji mai aiki da farar iska yana nufin kananan abubuwa, wadanda ba iya ganuwa, wadanda ake kira proton ko ion helium, a cikin kwayoyin cutar kansa don kashe su da mummunar lalacewar kayan al'ada. Radiationarfin radiation mai caji da aka yi amfani da shi yana amfani da wani nau'in jujjuya dabam fiye da nau'in rayukan x-ray.

• Gamma Knife far wani nau'i ne na aikin iska wanda ake amfani dashi don melanomas. Ana iya ba da wannan magani a cikin magani ɗaya. Yana nufin maida hankali gamma haskoki gamma kai tsaye a cikin ƙari don haka babu ɗan lalacewa ga lafiyayyen nama. Gamma Knife far din baya amfani da wuka don cire kumburin kuma ba aiki bane.

• Magungunan radiation na ciki yana amfani da abu mai tasirin rediyo wanda aka rufe a cikin allurai, tsaba, wayoyi, ko catheters waɗanda aka sanya kai tsaye zuwa ko kusa da ciwon daji. Wasu hanyoyi na ba da maganin fitila na iya taimakawa kiyaye radiation daga lalata lafiyar nama. Wannan nau'in maganin ƙwayar cuta na ciki na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Maganin farar iska mai lalacewa wani nau'in magani ne na cikin gida wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don ciwan ido. An haɗu da ƙwayoyin radiyo a gefe ɗaya na faifai, wanda ake kira plaque, kuma ana sanya su kai tsaye a bangon waje na ido kusa da ƙari. Gefen tambarin tare da tsaba a kai na fuskantar ƙwallon ido, da nufin yin fitila a kumburin. Alamar tana taimakawa wajen kare sauran kayan dake kusa dasu daga aikin haskakawa.

Alamar rediyo na ido. Wani nau'ikan maganin fitilar da ake amfani dashi don magance ciwowar ido. Ana sanya tsaba iri-iri a gefe ɗaya na bakin ƙarfe ƙaramin ƙarfe (galibi zinare) wanda ake kira plaque. Ana daddafe dutsen a bangon ido na waje. 'Ya'yan suna bayar da radiation wanda ke kashe kansa. Ana cire allon a ƙarshen jiyya, wanda yawanci yakan ɗauki kwanaki da yawa.

Hanyar da ake ba da maganin raɗarar ya dogara da nau'in da matakin cutar kansa. Ana amfani da maganin radiation na waje da na ciki don magance melanoma na cikin ciki.

Photocoagulation

Photocoagulation hanya ce da ke amfani da hasken leza don lalata jijiyoyin jini wadanda ke kawo abubuwan gina jiki ga ciwon, wanda ke haifar da ƙwayoyin cutar ƙari. Ana iya amfani da Photocoagulation don magance ƙananan marurai. Wannan kuma ana kiransa haske coagulation.

Thermotherapy

Thermotherapy shine amfani da zafi daga laser don lalata ƙwayoyin kansa da kuma rage ƙwayar cuta.

Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

Ana samun bayani game da gwaji na asibiti daga gidan yanar gizon NCI.

Jiyya don ƙwayar intraocular (uveal) melanoma na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa.

Don bayani game da illolin da cutar ta kansar ta haifar, duba shafin mu na Side Side.

Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

Ga wasu marasa lafiya, shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya zama mafi kyawun zaɓin magani. Gwajin gwaji wani bangare ne na aikin binciken cutar kansa. Ana yin gwaje-gwajen asibiti don gano ko sabbin maganin cutar daji suna da lafiya da tasiri ko kuma sun fi magani na yau da kullun.

Yawancin yau da kullun na yau da kullun don cutar kansa sun dogara ne akan gwajin asibiti na farko. Marasa lafiya da ke cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya karɓar daidaitaccen magani ko kuma su kasance cikin farkon waɗanda za su karɓi sabon magani.

Marasa lafiya da ke shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti suma suna taimakawa inganta hanyar da za a bi da kansar a nan gaba. Koda lokacin gwajin asibiti bai haifar da sababbin magunguna ba, sau da yawa sukan amsa mahimman tambayoyi kuma suna taimakawa ci gaba da bincike gaba.

Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

Wasu gwaji na asibiti kawai sun haɗa da marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su sami magani ba tukuna. Sauran gwaje-gwajen suna gwada jiyya ga marasa lafiya waɗanda cutar kansa ba ta samu sauki ba. Hakanan akwai gwaji na asibiti da ke gwada sabbin hanyoyin dakatar da cutar kansa daga sake dawowa (dawowa) ko rage tasirin maganin kansar.

Gwajin gwaji na gudana a sassa da yawa na ƙasar. Bayani game da gwajin asibiti wanda NCI ke tallafawa ana iya samun shi akan shafin binciken gwaji na NCI. Ana iya samun gwajin gwaji na asibiti wanda wasu kungiyoyi ke tallafawa akan gidan yanar gizon ClinicalTrials.gov.

Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Za a iya maimaita wasu gwaje-gwajen da aka yi don gano cutar kansa ko don gano matakin cutar kansa. Za a maimaita wasu gwaje-gwaje don ganin yadda magani ke aiki. Shawarwari game da ci gaba, canji, ko dakatar da magani na iya dogara ne da sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.

Wasu daga cikin gwaje-gwajen za a ci gaba da yi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci bayan an gama jiyya. Sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya nuna idan yanayin ku ya canza ko kuma idan kansar ta sake dawowa (dawo). Wadannan gwaje-gwajen wasu lokuta ana kiran su gwaje-gwaje na gaba ko dubawa.

Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don Intraocular (Uveal) Melanoma

A Wannan Sashin

• Iris Melanoma

• Ciliary Jikin Melanoma

• Choroid Melanoma

• Extraocular Extension Melanoma da Metastatic Intraocular (Uveal) Melanoma

• Maimaita Intraocular (Uveal) Melanoma

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Iris Melanoma

Jiyya na iris melanoma na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Jiran jira.

• Tiyata (sakewa ko enucleation).

• Bayanin radiation na plaque, don ciwace-ciwacen da ba a iya cire su ta hanyar tiyata.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Ciliary Jikin Melanoma

Jiyya na melanoma na ciliary na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Bayyanar radiation radiation

• Cajin-barbashi waje-katako radiation far.

• Tiyata (sakewa ko enucleation).

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Choroid Melanoma

Jiyya na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na melanoma na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Jiran jira.

• Bayyanar radiation radiation

• Cajin-barbashi waje-katako radiation far.

• Gamma Knife far.

• Thermotherapy.

• Tiyata (sakewa ko enucleation).

Jiyya na matsakaiciyar kwayar cuta melanoma na iya hada da masu zuwa:

• Alamar radiation ta roba tare da ko ba tare da photocoagulation ko thermotherapy ba.

• Cajin-barbashi waje-katako radiation far.

• Tiyata (sakewa ko enucleation).

Jiyya na babban choroid melanoma na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Fitar ciki yayin da kumburin ya yi yawa don maganin da ke kiyaye ido.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Extraocular Extension Melanoma da Metastatic Intraocular (Uveal) Melanoma

Jiyya na ƙarin ƙwayar melanoma wanda ya bazu zuwa ƙashi a kusa da ido na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Tiyata (exenteration).

• Gwajin gwaji.

Ba a sami magani mai tasiri ba na melanoma mai narkewar ciki. Gwajin gwaji na iya zama zaɓi na magani. Yi magana da likitanka game da zaɓin maganin ku.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Maimaita Intraocular (Uveal) Melanoma

Ba a sami ingantaccen magani don maimaitaccen ciki na ciki ba. Gwajin gwaji na iya zama zaɓi na magani. Yi magana da likitanka game da zaɓin maganin ku.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Don Moreara Koyo Game da Intraocular (Uveal) Melanoma

Don ƙarin bayani daga Cibiyar Cancer ta cerasa game da ƙwayar melanoma na intraocular (uveal), duba Shafin Gidan Melanoma na Intraocular (Eye).

Don cikakkun bayanai game da cutar kansa da sauran albarkatu daga Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa, duba mai zuwa:

• Game da Ciwon daji

• Tsayawa

• Chemotherapy da ku: Tallafi ga Mutanen da ke Ciwon daji

• Radiation Far da Kai: Taimako ga Mutane Tare da Ciwon daji

• Yin fama da Ciwon daji

• Tambayoyi don Tambayar Doctor game da Ciwon daji

• Don Tsira da Kulawa