Nau'o'in / extracranial-ƙwayoyin cuta-cell / haƙuri / ƙwayar cuta-cell-treatment-pdq

Yarinyar Extwararren Cellwayar mwayar Childhoodananan Yara

Janar Bayani Game da Childhoodananan umananan Cellananan umananan Yara

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Tumananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta na yara sun fito daga ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a sassan jikin mutum ban da kwakwalwa.

• Orsananan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar yara na iya zama mara kyau ko mara kyau.

• Edananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar yara an haɗa su azaman ƙwayar cuta ko ƙari na ƙari.

• Gonadal Germ Kwayoyin Halitta

• Extragonadal Extracranial Germ Cell ƙari

• Akwai nau'o'in ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta guda uku.

• Teratomas

• Umwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta

• Cakuda mananan ƙwayoyin cuta

• Ba a san musabbabin mafi yawan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar yara ba.

• Samun wasu rikice-rikicen gado na iya ƙara haɗarin ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta.

• Alamomin cututtukan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar yara sun dogara da inda ƙwayar cutar ta zama cikin jiki.

• Ana amfani da karatun hoto da gwajin jini don ganowa (gano) da kuma bincikar cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙananan yara.

• Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Tumananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta na yara sun fito daga ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a sassan jikin mutum ban da kwakwalwa.

Kwayar halittar ƙwayoyin cuta nau'in kwayar halitta ce da ke samarwa yayin da ɗan tayi (ɗan cikin da ba a haifa ba) ya haɓaka. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin daga baya sun zama maniyyi a cikin kwayar halitta ko ƙwai a cikin ƙwai.

Wannan taƙaitaccen bayani ne game da ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke samuwa a cikin sassan jikinsu waɗanda ba na al'ada ba (a waje da kwakwalwa). Orswayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta yawanci yakan kasance a cikin yankuna masu zuwa na jiki:

• Gwaji.

• Ovaries.

• Sacrum ko coccyx (ƙashin jela).

• Retroperitoneum (yanki a bayan bayan ciki bayan nama wanda ke layin bangon ciki kuma ya rufe yawancin gabobin cikin ciki).

• Mediastinum (yanki tsakanin huhu).

• Kai da wuya.

Tumwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta jiki a cikin sassan jiki ban da kwakwalwa. Wannan ya hada da kwayayen ciki, ovaries, sacrum (karamin sashin kashin baya), coccyx (tailbone), mediastinum (yanki tsakanin huhu), retroperitoneum (bangon baya na ciki), da kai da wuya.

Tumwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta sun fi kowa a cikin samari.

Duba taƙaitaccen bayanin akan Tsarin Childhoodarfin Narfin Gerarfin Gerwayar Yammacin Gerarƙwarar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta don bayani game da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin intracranial.

Orsananan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar yara na iya zama mara kyau ko mara kyau.

Extracranial jam cell marurai iya zama benign (noncancer) ko m (ciwon daji).

Edananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar yara an haɗa su azaman ƙwayar cuta ko ƙari na ƙari.

Cellwayar cututtukan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta sune ciwace-ciwacen da ke samarwa a waje da kwakwalwa. Su gonadal ne ko extragonadal.

Gonadal Germ Kwayoyin Halitta

Gonadal ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin gonads (ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwai).

• Ciwan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. An raba cututtukan kwayar cutar kwayar halitta zuwa manyan nau'i biyu, seminoma da nonseminoma. Nonseminomas galibi suna da girma kuma suna haifar da alamu ko alamomin cuta. Suna da saurin girma da yaɗuwa cikin sauri fiye da taron karawa juna sani.

Ciwan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta yakan faru ne kafin shekaru 4 ko a cikin samari da matasa. Ciwan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin samari (shekaru 11 zuwa sama) da samari sun bambanta da waɗanda ke tasowa tun suna yara.

• Ciwan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin Ovarian. Cutar cututtukan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin Ovaria sun fi yawa ga girlsan mata mata da youngan mata. Yawancin kwayar cutar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar mace (tsohuwar cuta). Wasu cututtukan kwayar halitta na kwayayen kwan mace, kamar su teratomas da ba su balaga ba, dysgerminomas, yolk sac ciwace ciwace, ko cakuda cututtukan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, suna da illa.

Extragonadal Extracranial Germ Cell ƙari

Extragonadal karin ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta ya haifar a cikin sassan jiki banda kwakwalwa ko gonads (ƙwararru da ƙwai).

Yawancin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta jiki suna haɓaka tare da tsakiyar layi na jiki. Wannan ya hada da masu zuwa:

• Sacrum (babban, kasusuwa mai siffar alwatika a cikin kashin baya wanda ya zama sashin ƙashin ƙugu).

• Coccyx (wutsiya).

• Mediastinum (yankin tsakanin huhu).

• Bayan ciki.

• Abun Wuya

A cikin yara ƙanana da shekaru 11, ƙarin ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta wanda ke faruwa a lokacin haihuwa ko kuma a ƙuruciya. Yawancin waɗannan ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayoyin cuta masu ƙyamar teratomas ne a cikin sacrum ko coccyx.

A cikin manyan yara, matasa, da samari (shekaru 11 zuwa sama), ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta sau da yawa suna cikin mediastinum.

Akwai nau'o'in ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta guda uku.

Hakanan an haɗa ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta zuwa cikin teratomas, ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta, da ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda aka haɗu:

Teratomas

Akwai manyan nau'ikan teratomas guda biyu:

• Balagagge teratomas. Waɗannan ciwace-ciwacen sune mafi yawan nau'in ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Balagagge teratomas ƙananan ciwace-ciwace kuma ba zai iya zama kansa ba. Yawanci suna faruwa ne a cikin sacrum ko coccyx a cikin jarirai sabbin haihuwa ko a cikin kwayayen mahaifar su ko ƙwai a farkon balaga. Kwayoyin balagaggun teratomas suna kama da ƙwayoyin yau da kullun a ƙarƙashin madubin hangen nesa. Wasu balagaggun teratomas suna sakin enzymes ko homonin da ke haifar da alamu da alamomin cuta.

• Ci gaban teratomas. Wadannan cututtukan suna faruwa ne a wasu wuraren banda gonad a kananan yara ko kuma a cikin kwan mace a lokacin da suka fara balaga. Suna da ƙwayoyin da suke da banbanci da ƙwayoyin al'ada a ƙarƙashin microscope. Teratomas da ba su balaga ba na iya zama ciwon daji kuma ya bazu zuwa sauran sassan jiki. Suna da nau'ikan nau'ikan tsoka da yawa a cikinsu, kamar gashi, tsoka, da ƙashi. Wasu ƙananan teratomas suna sakin enzymes ko homonin da ke haifar da alamu da alamomin cuta.

Umwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta

Orswayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta shine ciwon daji. Akwai manyan nau'ikan nau'i biyu na cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta masu ƙwayar cuta:

• Seminomatous ƙwayoyin cuta ƙwayoyin cuta. Akwai nau'o'in ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta guda uku:

• Seminomas sun kasance a cikin kwayar cutar.

• Tsarin Dysgerminomas a cikin kwai.

• Germinomas yana samuwa a sassan jikin da ba kwai ko kwayayen baya ba, kamar mediastinum.

• Non-seminomatous ƙwayoyin cuta ƙwayoyin cuta. Akwai nau'ikan cuta guda biyar wadanda ba kwayar halittar kwayoyin halitta ba:

• Yolk jakar kwai suna yin hormone mai suna alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Zasu iya samuwa a cikin kwayayen kwayaye, na kwaya, ko wasu sassan jiki.

• Choriocarcinomas suna yin hormone wanda ake kira beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG). Zasu iya samuwa a cikin kwayayen kwayaye, na kwaya, ko wasu sassan jiki.

• Carcinomas na Embryonal na iya yin hormone da ake kira β-hCG. Zasu iya samarwa a cikin kwayar halittar jikin mutum ko kuma wasu sassan jiki, amma ba a cikin kwayayen kwan ba.

• Gonadoblastomas.

• Teratoma da yolk jakar ƙari.

Cakuda mananan ƙwayoyin cuta

Cakuda cututtukan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta sun haɗu da aƙalla nau'ikan nau'i biyu na mummunan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Zasu iya samuwa a cikin kwayayen kwayaye, na kwaya, ko wasu sassan jiki.

Ba a san musabbabin mafi yawan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar yara ba.

Samun wasu rikice-rikicen gado na iya ƙara haɗarin ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta.

Duk wani abu da zai kara maka hadarin kamuwa da cuta to ana kiran sa mai hadari. Samun haɗari ba ya nufin cewa za ku kamu da cutar kansa; ba tare da haɗarin abubuwan haɗari ba yana nufin cewa ba zaku sami cutar kansa ba. Yi magana da likitan ɗanka idan kana tunanin ɗanka na cikin haɗari.

Abubuwan da ke iya haifar da haɗarin cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta sun haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Samun wasu cututtukan kwayoyin halitta:

• Ciwon Klinefelter na iya ƙara haɗarin ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin mediastinum.

• Ciwan Swyer na iya ƙara haɗarin gonadoblastoma da seminoma.

• Cutar Turner na iya ƙara haɗarin gonadoblastoma da dysgerminoma.

• Samun ƙwayar mara ƙaran jini na iya ƙara haɗarin cutar kansa ta mahaifa.

• Samun ciwon gonadal dysgenesis (gonad-ovary ko testicle-ba a kirkira shi ba) na iya ƙara haɗarin gonadoblastoma.

Alamomin cututtukan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar yara sun dogara da inda ƙwayar cutar ta zama cikin jiki.

Tumwayoyi daban-daban na iya haifar da alamun da alamun. Sauran yanayi na iya haifar da waɗannan alamun da alamun. Duba tare da likita idan ɗanka yana da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Wani dunkule a cikin wuya, ciki, ko ƙananan baya.

• Wani dunƙulen mara zafi a cikin ƙwarjin jikinsa.

• Jin zafi a ciki.

• Zazzaɓi.

• Maƙarƙashiya

• A cikin mata, babu lokacin al'ada ko jinin al'ada na al'ada.

Ana amfani da karatun hoto da gwajin jini don ganowa (gano) da kuma bincikar cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙananan yara.

Za a iya amfani da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da hanyoyin:

• Jarabawa ta jiki da tarihi: Jarabawa ce ta jiki don bincika alamomin lafiya gaba ɗaya, gami da bincika alamun cuta, kamar kumburi ko wani abu da kamar baƙon abu. Ana iya bincikar ƙwararriyar kwaya don kumburi, kumburi, ko zafi. Za a kuma ɗauki tarihin al'adun lafiyar marasa lafiya da cututtukan da suka gabata da magunguna.

• Gwajin alamar alamar ƙwayar cuta: Hanya ce wacce ake bincika samfurin jini don auna adadin wasu abubuwa da aka saki cikin jini ta ɓangarorin jiki, kyallen takarda, ko ƙwayoyin ƙari a jiki. Wasu abubuwa suna da alaƙa da takamaiman nau'ikan cutar daji idan aka same su cikin ƙaruwa a cikin jini. Wadannan ana kiran su alamun tumor.

Wasu cututtukan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta suna saki alamun tumo. Za a iya amfani da alamun alamomi masu zuwa don gano ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta

• Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP).

• Beta-ɗan adam chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG).

Don ciwace-ciwacen ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, matakan jini na alamomin ciwace-ciwacen suna taimakawa wajen nuna idan ƙari shine seminoma ko nonseminoma.

• Nazarin ilimin sunadarai na jini: Hanya ce wacce ake bincikar samfurin jini don auna adadin wasu abubuwa da aka saki a cikin jini ta gabobi da kayan aiki a jiki. Adadin abu na yau da kullun (mafi girma ko ƙasa da al'ada) na iya zama alamar cuta.

• Kirjin x-ray: X-ray na gabobin da kasusuwa a cikin kirji. X-ray wani irin katako ne na katako wanda zai iya ratsa jiki zuwa fim, yana yin hoton wurare a cikin jiki.

• CT scan (CAT scan): Hanya ce da ke yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, waɗanda aka ɗauka daga kusurwa daban-daban. Ana yin hotunan ne ta wata kwamfuta da aka haɗa ta da na'urar da ke ɗauke da x-ray. Ana iya yin allurar fenti a cikin jijiya ko haɗiye don taimakawa gabobin ko kyallen takarda su fito fili karara. Wannan hanya ana kiranta yanayin ƙididdigar lissafi, ƙirar kwamfuta, ko ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar kwamfuta.

Utedididdigar hoto (CT) na ciki. Yaron yana kwance a kan tebur wanda yake zamewa ta cikin na'urar daukar hoto na CT, wanda ke ɗaukar hotunan x-ray na cikin ciki.

• MRI (hoton maganadisu ): Hanya ce wacce ke amfani da maganadisu, raƙuman rediyo, da kuma kwamfuta don yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki. Wannan hanya ana kiranta kuma ana kiranta hoton maganadisu na maganadisu (NMRI).

Hanyoyin fuska ta maganadisu (MRI) na ciki. Yaron yana kwance a kan tebur wanda yake zamewa cikin sikanin MRI, wanda ke ɗaukar hotunan cikin jiki. Kushin da ke jikin yaron yana taimaka wajan bayyana hotunan a bayyane.

• Gwajin duban dan tayi: Hanya ce wacce ake fitar da igiyar sauti mai karfi (duban dan tayi) daga kyallen ciki ko gabobin ciki kuma suna yin kuwwa. Eararrawa ta haifar da hoton kayan jikin da ake kira sonogram. Ana iya buga hoton don a kalleshi daga baya.

Ciki duban dan tayi. Ana tura na'urar canzawar duban dan tayi tare da kwamfuta akan fatar ciki. Mai fassarar yana tallata raƙuman sauti daga gabobin ciki da kyallen takarda don yin amo wanda ya samar da sonogram (hoton kwamfuta).

• Biopsy: Cirewar ƙwayoyin halitta ko kyallen takarda don a iya kallon su ta hanyar microscope ta hanyar masanin ilimin ɗan adam don bincika alamun kansar. Wani lokaci ana yin tiyata a cikin mahaifa ko kuma a yi mata allura kafin a yi tiyata don cire samfurin nama. Wani lokaci ana cire kumburin yayin aikin sannan kuma sai a cire samfurin nama daga kumburin.

Za'a iya yin gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa akan samfurin ƙwayar da aka cire:

• Nazarin Cytogenetic: Gwajin dakin gwaje-gwaje wanda ake kirga chromosomes na sel a cikin samfurin nama kuma ana bincika su kowane canje-canje, kamar karye, ɓacewa, sake gyarawa, ko ƙarin ƙwanƙwanni. Canje-canje a cikin wasu chromosomes na iya zama alamar cutar kansa. Ana amfani da nazarin Cytogenetic don taimakawa gano cutar kansa, shirya magani, ko gano yadda magani ke aiki.

• Immunohistochemistry: Gwajin gwaje-gwaje wanda ke amfani da kwayoyin cuta don bincika wasu antigens (alamomi) a cikin samfurin jikin mai haƙuri. Magungunan rigakafi yawanci suna da alaƙa da enzyme ko fenti mai kyalli. Bayan kwayoyin sun kunshi wani takamaiman antigen a cikin samfurin, sai a kunna enzyme ko rini, sannan za a iya ganin antigen a karkashin wani madubin likita. Ana amfani da irin wannan gwajin don taimakawa wajen gano kansar da kuma taimakawa gaya ga wani nau'in cutar kansa daga wani nau'in cutar kansa.

Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Halin hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani sun dogara da masu zuwa:

• Mai haƙuri da shekaru da kuma general kiwon lafiya.

• Matakin ciwon daji (ko ya bazu zuwa yankunan da ke kusa, lymph nodes, ko kuma zuwa wasu wurare a cikin jiki).

• Inda ƙari ya fara girma.

• Ta yaya kumburi ya amsa magani.

• Nau'in ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayoyin cuta.

• Ko mai haƙuri yana da cutar rashin lafiya.

• Ko za a iya cire ƙwayar cutar gaba ɗaya ta hanyar tiyata.

• Ko dai an gano cutar kansa ko kuma ta sake dawowa (dawo).

Hannun hangen nesa na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta, musamman ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar mace, yana da kyau.

Matakai na Childhoodananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar yara

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Bayan an gano ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta yara, ana yin gwaji don gano ko ƙwayoyin kansa sun bazu daga inda ƙwayar ta fara zuwa yankunan da ke kusa ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

• Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa daga inda ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki.

• Ana amfani da matakai don bayyana nau'ikan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta.

• Ciwan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin marasa lafiya fiye da shekaru 11

• Ciwan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin marasa lafiya shekaru 11 da tsufa

• Ciwan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin Ovarian

• Extragonadal karin ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta

Bayan an gano ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta yara, ana yin gwaji don gano ko ƙwayoyin kansa sun bazu daga inda ƙwayar ta fara zuwa yankunan da ke kusa ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Hanyar da ake amfani da ita don gano ko cutar kansa ta bazu daga inda kumburin ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki ana kiranta staging. Bayanin da aka tattara daga tsarin daukar matakan tantance matakin cutar. Yana da mahimmanci a san matakin don shirya magani. A wasu lokuta, tsinkaya na iya bin aikin tiyata don cire kumburin.

Za a iya amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin:

• MRI (hoton maganadisu ): Hanya ce wacce ke amfani da maganadisu, raƙuman rediyo, da kuma kwamfuta don yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wuraren da ke cikin jiki, kamar ƙwaƙwalwa ko ƙugiyoyin lymph. Wannan hanyar ana kiranta kuma hoton maganadisu na maganadisu.

• CT scan (CAT scan): Hanya ce da ke yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, kamar kirji ko ƙugiyoyin kumburi, waɗanda aka ɗauka daga kusurwa daban-daban. Ana yin hotunan ne ta wata kwamfuta da aka haɗa ta da na'urar da ke ɗauke da x-ray. Ana iya yin allurar fenti a cikin jijiya ko haɗiye don taimakawa gabobin ko kyallen takarda su fito fili karara. Wannan hanya ana kiranta yanayin ƙididdigar lissafi, ƙirar kwamfuta, ko ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar kwamfuta.

• Binciken ƙashi: Hanya ce don bincika idan akwai ƙwayoyin halitta masu saurin rarrabawa, kamar ƙwayoyin kansa, a cikin ƙashi. Aramin abu kaɗan ne na rediyo ke shiga cikin jijiya kuma yana tafiya ta cikin jini. Kayan aikin radiyo yana tattarawa a cikin kasusuwa tare da cutar kansa kuma na'urar daukar hotan takardu ce ke gano shi.

• Thoracentesis: Cire ruwa daga sarari tsakanin murfin kirji da huhu, ta amfani da allura. Wani masanin ilimin ɗan adam ya kalli ruwan a ƙarƙashin madubin likita don neman ƙwayoyin kansa.

• Paracentesis: Cire ruwa daga sarari tsakanin rufin ciki da gabobin ciki, ta amfani da allura. Wani masanin ilimin ɗan adam ya kalli ruwan a ƙarƙashin madubin likita don neman ƙwayoyin kansa.

Hakanan za'a iya amfani da sakamako daga gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin da aka yi amfani da su don ganowa da gano ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙananan yara.

Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

Ciwon daji na iya yadawa ta hanyar nama, tsarin lymph, da jini:

• Nama. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta girma zuwa yankuna na kusa.

• Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya faro ta hanyar shiga cikin ƙwayoyin cuta. Ciwon daji yana bi ta cikin jirgin ruwan lymph zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Jini. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta hanyar shiga cikin jini. Ciwon daji yana bi ta hanyoyin jini zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa daga inda ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki.

Lokacin da cutar daji ta bazu zuwa wani sashin jiki, akan kira shi metastasis. Kwayoyin sankara suna ɓata daga inda suka fara (asalin ƙwayar cuta) kuma suna tafiya ta cikin tsarin lymph ko jini.

• Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji ya shiga cikin tsarin laminin, ya ratsa ta cikin jiragen ruwan lymph, kuma ya samar da ƙari (metastatic tumo) a wani ɓangaren jiki.

• Jini. Ciwon kansa ya shiga cikin jini, ya bi ta hanyoyin jini, ya samar da ƙari (ƙwayar metastatic) a wani ɓangaren jiki.

Ciwon ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta shine irin ciwon daji kamar asalin farko. Misali, idan wani ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta waje ya yada zuwa hanta, ƙwayoyin kansar da ke cikin hanta ainihin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutar kansa ne. Cutar ita ce ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, ba ta ciwon hanta ba.

Ana amfani da matakai don bayyana nau'ikan cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta.

Ciwan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin marasa lafiya fiye da shekaru 11

Matakan da ke zuwa daga coungiyar Ciwon Lafiyar Yara ne.

• Mataki Na

A mataki na I, ana samun cutar kansa a cikin kwaɗayin maza kawai. An cire kwayar halittar jikin mahaifa da igiyar maniyyi gaba daya ta hanyar tiyata kuma duk wadannan gaskiyane:

• kwantena (murfin waje na kumburin) bai fashe ba (ya bude) kuma ba a yi biopsy ba kafin a cire kumburin; kuma

• duk ƙwayoyin lymph sun fi santimita 1 a cikin gajeren zanen su a kan CT scan ko MRI.

• Mataki na II

A mataki na II, an cire kwayar halittar kwaya da maniyyi ta hanyar tiyata kuma ɗayan masu zuwa gaskiya ne:

• capsule (murfin waje na kumburin) fashewa (ya buɗe) ko an yi biopsy kafin aikin tiyata; ko

• Ciwon daji wanda kawai za'a iya gani tare da madubin hangen nesa ya kasance a cikin maƙarƙashiya ko a cikin igiyar maniyyi a kusa da maƙarƙashiyar kuma bayan tiyatar matakan alamun ƙari baya dawowa daidai ko kar ya ragu.

Ciwon daji bai bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph ba.

• Mataki na III

A mataki na III, ɗayan masu zuwa gaskiya ne:

• ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph ɗaya ko fiye a bayan ciki; ko

• duk narkarda lymph aƙalla santimita 2 faɗi ne ko kuma sun fi centimita 1 girma amma sun fi santimita 2 a ƙaraminsu kaɗan kuma ko dai ba su canza ba ko kuma suna girma yayin da aka maimaita hoton CT ko MRI a tsakanin makonni 4 zuwa 6.

• Mataki na IV

A mataki na hudu, cutar daji ta bazu zuwa sauran sassan jiki, kamar hanta, huhu, ƙashi, da kwakwalwa.

Ciwan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin marasa lafiya shekaru 11 da tsufa

Dubi taƙaitaccen bayanin akan Maganin Ciwon Canji na Testwaji don ƙarin bayani game da tallan da aka yi amfani da shi don ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin marasa lafiya shekaru 11 zuwa sama.

Ciwan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin Ovarian

Ana amfani da tsarin daukar hoto guda biyu don cututtukan kwayar halittar kwayayen kwan mace: Kungiyar Oncology ta Yara da kuma International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO).

Matakan da ke zuwa daga coungiyar Ciwon Lafiyar Yara ne.

• Mataki Na

A mataki na daya, an cire kumburin da ke cikin kwaya kwata-kwata ta hanyar tiyata kuma duk wadannan masu gaskiya ne:

• kwantena (murfin waje na kumburin) bai fashe ba (ya bude) kuma ba a yi biopsy ba kafin a cire kumburin; kuma

• babu wata alama da ke nuna cewa cutar daji ta bazu ta cikin kwayar cutar; kuma

• babu kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin ruwan da aka debo daga ciki; kuma

• babu wata cutar kansa da aka gani a cikin layin da ke layin ciki ko samu a cikin samfurin nama da aka ɗauka yayin nazarin halittu; kuma

• lymph nodes sun fi ƙasa da santimita 1 a cikin gajeren zanen su a kan CT scan ko MRI ko babu wani ciwon daji da aka samo a cikin ƙwayoyin ƙwayar lymph kumburi da aka ɗauka a lokacin biopsy.

• Mataki na II

A mataki na II, an cire kumburin da ke cikin kwaya kwata-kwata ta hanyar tiyata kuma ana yin biopsy kafin aikin tiyata kuma ɗayan masu zuwa gaskiya ne:

• ciwon daji ya bazu cikin duka ko ɓangaren ƙirar (murfin waje na ƙari); ko

• kumburin ya fi santimita 10 girma kuma ana cire shi ta hanyar aikin laparoscopic; ko

• Ana cire kumburin ta hanyar ragargaza shi zuwa kanana kuma ba a san ko cutar daji ta bazu a cikin kwayar ba.

Ba a samun ƙwayoyin sankara a cikin ruwan da aka ɗauke daga ciki. Ba a ganin ciwon daji a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph ko nama wanda ke layin ciki da ciwon daji ba a samo su cikin samfurin nama da aka ɗauka yayin nazarin halittu ba.

• Mataki na III

A mataki na III, an cire ƙari a cikin ovary ta hanyar tiyata kuma ɗayan masu zuwa gaskiya ne:

• lymph nodes suna aƙalla santimita 2 faɗi ko sun fi santimita 1 amma sun fi santimita 2 a cikin ƙaraminsu kaɗan kuma ko dai ba su canza ba ko kuma suna girma yayin da aka maimaita hoton CT ko MRI makonni 4 zuwa 6 bayan tiyata; ko

• ba a cire kumburin gaba daya ta hanyar tiyata ko kuma an yi gwajin kimiyyar kwayar halitta kafin aikin tiyata; ko

• ana samun kwayoyin cutar kansa (ciki har da teratoma wanda ba su balaga ba) a cikin ruwan da aka ɗauke daga ciki; ko

• ciwon daji (gami da ƙananan teratoma) ana samun su a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph; ko

• ciwon daji (gami da ƙananan teratoma) ana samunsu a cikin kayan layin ciki.

• Mataki na III-X

A cikin mataki na III-X, za a iya bayyana ciwan a matsayin mataki na I ko mataki na II, sai dai:

• ba a tattara ƙwayoyin da ke rufe ciki ba; ko

• ba a yi gwajin kimiyyar kwayar cutar lymph da ta fi girma fiye da santimita 1 a cikin mafi karancin diamita ba; ko

• ba a yi biopsy na nama daga rufin ciki ba; ko

• ba a kammala sitaci yayin tiyata ba amma za a kammala yayin tiyata ta biyu.

• Mataki na IV

A cikin mataki na huɗu, ɗayan masu zuwa gaskiya ne:

• ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa hanta ko wajen ciki zuwa wasu sassan jiki, kamar ƙashi, huhu, ko kwakwalwa.

• ana samun kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin ruwan da ke cikin huhu.

Matakan da ke zuwa daga Federationungiyar Internationalasashen Duniya na Mata da Ciwon Haihuwa (FIGO).

• Mataki Na

A mataki na I, ana samun cutar kansa a ɗayan ɗayan biyu ko kuma ɗayan biyu kuma bai bazu ba. Stage I ya kasu kashi-kashi IA, stage IB, and stage IC.

• Mataki IA: Ana samun sankara a cikin ƙwaya ɗaya.

• Stage IB: Ana samun sankara a cikin kwayayen biyu.

• Mataki na IC: Ana samun sankara a ɗayan biyu ko duka biyu kuma ɗayan masu zuwa gaskiya ne:

• Ana kuma samun ciwon daji a saman farjin ƙwai ɗaya ko duka biyu; ko

• kwantena (murfin waje) na kumburin da ya fashe (ya buɗe) kafin ko yayin tiyata; ko

• ana samun kwayoyin cutar daji a cikin ruwan da aka ɗauka daga ciki ko kuma a cikin wankan kogon ƙofa (rami na jiki wanda ya ƙunshi yawancin gabobin cikin ciki).

• Mataki na II

A mataki na II, ana samun kansar a cikin ɗayan biyu ko duka biyu kuma ya bazu zuwa wasu yankuna na ƙashin ƙugu, ko kuma ana samun cutar kansa ta farko. Mataki na II ya kasu kashi zuwa mataki na IIA da mataki na IIB.

• Mataki na IIA: Ciwon daji ya bazu cikin mahaifa da / ko kuma fallopian tubes (dogayen siraran raƙuman da ƙwai ke bi daga ovaries zuwa mahaifa).

• Mataki IIB: Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa sauran kayan cikin ƙashin ƙugu kamar mafitsara, dubura, ko farji.

• Mataki na III

A mataki na III, ana samun kansar a cikin ɗayan ko duka biyu na kwayayen haihuwa ko kuma ana samun cutar sankara ta farko. Ciwon daji ya bazu a ƙashin ƙashin ƙugu zuwa wasu sassan ciki da / ko zuwa lymph node a bayan ciki. Mataki na III ya kasu kashi biyu zuwa mataki na IIIA, mataki na IIIB, da kuma mataki na IIIC.

Ana auna girman girman tumo a santimita (cm) ko inci. Kayan abinci na yau da kullun waɗanda za'a iya amfani dasu don nuna girman ƙari a cm sun haɗa da: pea (cm 1), gyada (2 cm), innabi (3 cm), gyada (4 cm), lemun tsami (5 cm ko 2 inci), kwai (6 cm), peach (7 cm), da ɗan itacen inabi (inci 10 ko inci 4).

• A cikin mataki na IIIA, ɗayan masu zuwa gaskiya ne:

• ciwon daji ya yadu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph a bayan ciki kawai; ko

• Kwayoyin cutar kansa wadanda kawai ake ganinsu ta madubin hangen nesa sun bazu zuwa saman farfajiyar bayan ƙashin ƙugu. Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa zuwa sassan lymph da ke kusa da bayan ciki.

• Mataki na IIIB: Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa cikin kogin da ke wajen ƙashin ƙugu kuma ciwon daji a cikin ramin ya fi santimita 2 ko ƙarami. Cancer na iya yaduwa zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph a bayan ciki.

• Mataki na IIIC: Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa cikin kogin da ke wajen ƙashin ƙugu kuma ciwon daji a cikin ramin ya fi santimita 2 girma. Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph a bayan ciki ko zuwa saman hanta ko baƙin ciki.

• Mataki na IV

An rarraba mataki na IV zuwa mataki na IVA da IVB.

• Mataki na IVA: Ana samun ƙwayoyin sankara a cikin ƙarin ruwa wanda ke tarawa a cikin huhu.

• Mataki na IVB: Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa gaɓoɓi da kyallen takarda a wajen ciki, gami da ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin makwancin ciki.

Extragonadal karin ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta

Matakan da ke zuwa daga coungiyar Ciwon Lafiyar Yara ne.

• Mataki Na

A mataki na I, an cire kumburin gaba ɗaya ta hanyar tiyata kuma duk waɗannan masu gaskiya ne:

• ba a samo kwayoyin cutar kansa a yankin da aka cire kumburin ba; kuma

• kwantena (murfin waje na kumburin) bai fashe ba (ya bude) kuma ba a yi biopsy ba kafin a cire kumburin; kuma

• ba a samun kwayoyin cutar daji a cikin ruwan da aka ɗauke daga ramin ciki, idan ƙari yana cikin ciki; kuma

• Lymph nodes sun fi ƙasa da santimita 1 a kan CT scan ko MRI na ciki, ƙashin ƙugu, da kuma kirji.

• Mataki na II

A mataki na II, ba a cire cutar kansa gaba ɗaya ta hanyar tiyata kuma ɗayan masu zuwa gaskiya ne:

• ciwon daji wanda kawai za a iya gani tare da microscope ya rage bayan tiyata; ko

• cutar daji da ake iya gani tare da ido ta rage bayan tiyata kuma kwantaccen (rufin ƙwayar ƙwayar) ya fashe (ya buɗe) ko kuma an yi biopsy.

Ba a samun ƙwayoyin sankara a cikin ruwan da aka ɗauke daga ciki. Babu alamar cutar kansa a cikin ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin ciki, ƙashin ƙugu, ko kirji a kan CT scan ko MRI.

• Mataki na III

A mataki na III, ɗayan masu zuwa gaskiya ne:

• ba a kawar da cutar kansa gaba ɗaya ta hanyar tiyata da kuma cutar kansa wanda za a iya gani tare da ragowar ido bayan tiyata ko kuma kawai an yi binciken ƙwayoyin halitta; ko

• lymph nodes suna aƙalla santimita 2 faɗi ko sun fi centimita 1 girma amma sun fi santimita 2 a cikin ƙaraminsu kaɗan kuma ko dai ba su canza ba ko kuma suna girma yayin da aka maimaita hoton CT ko MRI a tsakanin makonni 4 zuwa 6.

• Mataki na IV

A mataki na hudu, cutar daji ta bazu zuwa wasu sassan jiki, kamar hanta, huhu, ƙashi, ko kwakwalwa.

Tananan Childhoodananan Childhoodananan Gerananan Childhoodananan Childhoodananan yara

Maimaita ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙananan yara shine ciwon daji wanda ya sake dawowa (dawo) bayan an magance shi. Ciwon kansa na iya dawowa wuri ɗaya ko a wasu sassan jiki.

Adadin marasa lafiyar da suke da ciwace-ciwacen da suka dawo ba su da yawa. Yawancin cututtukan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta suna dawowa cikin shekaru uku na tiyata. Kimanin rabin teratomas da suka sake dawowa a cikin sacrum ko coccyx suna da illa, saboda haka bin baya yana da mahimmanci.

Bayanin Zaɓin Jiyya

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Akwai nau'ikan magani daban-daban na yara tare da ƙari na ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta.

• Yara da extracranial jam cell marurai ya kamata da su magani shirya wata tawagar jinya suka yi masana a cikin zalunta ciwon daji a cikin yara.

• Jiyya don ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙananan yara na iya haifar da illa.

• Ana amfani da nau'i uku na daidaitaccen magani:

• Tiyata

• Lura

• Chemotherapy

• Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

• -Aramin magani mai ƙarfi tare da dasawar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta

• Radiation far

• Ciwon da aka yi niyya

• Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

• Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

• Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Akwai nau'ikan magani daban-daban na yara tare da ƙari na ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta.

Akwai nau'ikan jiyya daban-daban ga yara masu fama da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta. Wasu jiyya suna daidaito (magani da ake amfani dashi yanzu), kuma wasu ana gwada su a gwajin asibiti. Gwajin gwajin magani shine binciken bincike wanda aka tsara don taimakawa inganta ingantattun jiyya na yanzu ko samun bayanai game da sababbin jiyya ga marasa lafiya da ciwon daji. Lokacin da gwaji na asibiti ya nuna cewa sabon magani ya fi magani na yau da kullun, sabon magani na iya zama daidaitaccen magani.

Saboda cutar kansa a cikin yara ba safai ba, ya kamata a yi la'akari da shiga cikin gwajin asibiti. Wasu gwaji na asibiti ana buɗe su ne kawai ga marasa lafiyar da basu fara magani ba.

Yara da extracranial jam cell marurai ya kamata da su magani shirya wata tawagar jinya suka yi masana a cikin zalunta ciwon daji a cikin yara.

Jiyya za ta kula da likitan ilimin likitan yara, likita wanda ya kware kan kula da yara masu cutar kansa. Masanin ilimin likitancin yara yana aiki tare da wasu masu ba da kiwon lafiya waɗanda ƙwararru ne wajen kula da yara da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta kuma waɗanda suka kware a wasu fannonin magani. Wadannan na iya hada da kwararru masu zuwa:

• Likitan yara.

• Likitan likitan yara.

• Kwararren likitan yara.

• Radiation oncologist

• Masanin ilimin likita.

• Kwararren likitan yara.

• Gwanayen gyarawa.

• Kwararren rayuwar yara.

• Masanin ilimin psychologist.

• Ma'aikacin zamantakewa.

• Kwayar halittar jini.

Jiyya don ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙananan yara na iya haifar da illa.

Don bayani game da illolin da ke farawa yayin magani don cutar kansa, duba shafin Gurbinmu.

Hanyoyi masu illa daga maganin ciwon daji wanda zai fara bayan jiyya kuma ya ci gaba tsawon watanni ko shekaru ana kiransa sakamako na ƙarshe. Sakamakon sakamako na maganin kansa na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Matsalolin jiki, kamar rashin haihuwa, matsalar ji da matsalolin koda.

• Canje-canje a cikin yanayi, ji, tunani, ilmantarwa, ko ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.

• Cancer na biyu (sababbin nau'ikan cutar kansa), kamar cutar sankarar bargo.

Wasu maganganun ƙarshen ana iya magance su ko sarrafa su. Yana da mahimmanci a yi magana da likitocin ɗanka game da illar da cutar kansa za ta iya yi wa ɗanka. (Dubi taƙaitaccen bayanin akan ƙarshen tasirin Jiyya don Ciwon Childhoodan yara don ƙarin bayani).

Ana amfani da nau'i uku na daidaitaccen magani:

Tiyata

Yin aikin tiyata don cire ƙwayar cutar gaba ɗaya ana yin ta a duk lokacin da zai yiwu. Idan kumburin yana da girma sosai, ana iya ba da magani na farko, don kara girman kumburin da rage adadin nama da ake bukatar cirewa yayin aikin. Manufar tiyata shine kiyaye aikin haihuwa. Za'a iya amfani da nau'ikan tiyata masu zuwa:

• Bincike: Tiyata don cire nama ko ɓangare ko duk wani sashin jiki.

• Gwajin inguinal orchiectomy: Yin aikin tiyata don cire ƙwaya ɗaya ko duka ta hanyar ragi (yankewa) a cikin duwawun.

• Tsarin salpingo-oophorectomy na musamman: Yin tiyata don cire ƙwarjin ƙwai ɗaya da bututun mahaifa a gefe ɗaya.

Bayan likita ya cire duk cutar daji da za a iya gani a lokacin tiyatar, wasu marasa lafiya za a iya ba su maganin ƙwaƙwalwar bayan an yi musu tiyata don kashe duk ƙwayoyin cutar kansa da suka rage. Maganin da ake bayarwa bayan tiyatar, don rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa zai dawo, ana kiran sa adjuvant therapy.

Lura

Lura yana lura da yanayin mai haƙuri ba tare da ba da magani ba har sai alamu ko alamu sun bayyana ko canzawa. Don ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta, wannan ya haɗa da gwaje-gwajen jiki, gwaje-gwajen hoto, da gwajin alamar alama.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda ke amfani da magunguna don dakatar da haɓakar ƙwayoyin kansa, ko dai ta hanyar kashe ƙwayoyin ko ta hana su rarraba. Lokacin da ake shan chemotherapy ta baki ko allura a cikin jijiya ko tsoka, magungunan suna shiga cikin jini kuma zasu iya kaiwa ga kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin jiki duka (systemotherapy chemotherapy). Lokacin da aka sanya chemotherapy kai tsaye zuwa cikin ruwa mai ruɓaɓɓen ciki, gaɓoɓi, ko rami na jiki kamar ciki, magungunan yawanci suna shafar ƙwayoyin kansa ne a waɗancan yankuna.

Hanyar da ake ba da cutar sankara ta dogara da nau'in da matakin cutar kansa. Ana amfani da chemotherapy na tsarin don magance ƙari na ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta.

Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

Wannan ɓangaren taƙaitaccen bayani yana bayanin jiyya waɗanda ake nazarin su a gwajin asibiti. Yana iya ba ambaci kowane sabon magani ana nazarin. Ana samun bayani game da gwaji na asibiti daga gidan yanar gizon NCI.

-Aramin magani mai ƙarfi tare da dasawar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta

Ana ba da magungunan allura don kashe kwayoyin cutar kansa. Kwayoyin lafiya, gami da ƙwayoyin halitta masu jini, suma ana lalata su ta hanyar maganin kansa. Dasawar sel shine magani don maye gurbin kwayoyin halitta. Ana cire ƙwayoyin sari (ƙwayoyin jinin da basu balaga ba) daga cikin jinin ko ƙashin ƙashin mara lafiya ko mai bayarwa kuma ana daskarar dasu ana adana su. Bayan mai haƙuri ya gama shan magani, sai a narke ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin da aka adana kuma a mayar da su ga mai haƙuri ta hanyar jiko. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin na ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin magungunan za a ɗibar

Radiation far

Radiation therapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda yake amfani da hasken rana mai ƙarfi ko wasu nau'ikan radiation don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa ko hana su girma. Akwai nau'o'in maganin radiation guda biyu:

• Magungunan radiation na waje yana amfani da inji a waje don aika radiation zuwa ga cutar kansa.

• Magungunan radiation na ciki yana amfani da abu mai tasirin rediyo wanda aka rufe a cikin allurai, tsaba, wayoyi, ko catheters waɗanda aka sanya kai tsaye zuwa ko kusa da ciwon daji.

Hanyar da ake ba da maganin haskentawa ya dogara da nau'in cutar kansa da kuma ko ta dawo. Ana nazarin ilimin radiation na waje don kula da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda suka dawo.

Ciwon da aka yi niyya

Farfaɗɗen farfajiya wani nau'in magani ne wanda ke amfani da ƙwayoyi ko wasu abubuwa don afkawa takamaiman ƙwayoyin cutar kansa. Ana nazarin ilimin da aka tanada don magance cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda suka dawo.

Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

Ga wasu marasa lafiya, shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya zama mafi kyawun zaɓin magani. Gwajin gwaji wani bangare ne na aikin binciken cutar kansa. Ana yin gwaje-gwajen asibiti don gano ko sabbin maganin cutar daji suna da lafiya da tasiri ko kuma sun fi magani na yau da kullun.

Yawancin yau da kullun na yau da kullun don cutar kansa sun dogara ne akan gwajin asibiti na farko. Marasa lafiya da ke cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya karɓar daidaitaccen magani ko kuma su kasance cikin farkon waɗanda za su karɓi sabon magani.

Marasa lafiya da ke shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti suma suna taimakawa inganta hanyar da za a bi da kansar a nan gaba. Koda lokacin gwajin asibiti bai haifar da sababbin magunguna ba, sau da yawa sukan amsa mahimman tambayoyi kuma suna taimakawa ci gaba da bincike gaba.

Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

Wasu gwaji na asibiti kawai sun haɗa da marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su sami magani ba tukuna. Sauran gwaje-gwajen suna gwada jiyya ga marasa lafiya waɗanda cutar kansa ba ta samu sauki ba. Hakanan akwai gwaji na asibiti da ke gwada sabbin hanyoyin dakatar da cutar kansa daga sake dawowa (dawowa) ko rage tasirin maganin kansar.

Gwajin gwaji na gudana a sassa da yawa na ƙasar. Bayani game da gwajin asibiti wanda NCI ke tallafawa ana iya samun shi akan shafin binciken gwaji na NCI. Ana iya samun gwajin gwaji na asibiti wanda wasu kungiyoyi ke tallafawa akan gidan yanar gizon ClinicalTrials.gov.

Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Za a iya maimaita wasu gwaje-gwajen da aka yi don gano cutar kansa ko don gano matakin cutar kansa. Za a maimaita wasu gwaje-gwaje don ganin yadda magani ke aiki. Shawarwari game da ci gaba, canji, ko dakatar da magani na iya dogara ne da sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.

Wasu daga cikin gwaje-gwajen za a ci gaba da yi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci bayan an gama jiyya. Sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya nuna idan yanayin ɗanku ya canza ko kuma idan ciwon daji ya sake dawowa (dawo). Wadannan gwaje-gwajen wasu lokuta ana kiran su gwaje-gwaje na gaba ko dubawa.

Don ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, bin hanyar na iya haɗawa da gwaje-gwajen jiki na yau da kullun, gwaje-gwajen alamun ciwace-ciwace, da gwaje-gwajen hotunan kamar CT scan, MRI ko kirjin x-ray.

Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don Ciwon Tananan Gerananan Cellananan umananan Yara

A Wannan Sashin

• Balaga da Balaga Teratomas

• Mummunan Gonadal Germ Cell Tumor

• Umwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta

• Umwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta Ovarian

• Ignananan raarancin rawayar Gerwararren mwayar mwayar mwayar masa

• Maimaitaccen Childhoodananan Malananan Twayar Childhoodananan Cellananan Tananan Yara

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Balaga da Balaga Teratomas

Jiyya na balagar teratomas ya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Yin aikin tiyata don cire ƙari tare da kallo.

Jiyya na teratomas wanda bai balaga ba ya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Yin aikin tiyata don cire ƙari tare da lura don ciwace-ciwacen I.

• Yin aikin tiyata don cire kumburin don ciwan II-IV. A cikin ƙananan yara, ana bin aikin tiyata da kallo; amfani da chemotherapy bayan tiyata yana da rikici. A cikin samari da matasa, ana ba da magani na musamman bayan tiyata.

Wani lokaci balagagge ko wanda bai balaga ba teratoma shima yana da muguwar ƙwayoyin cuta. Teratoma tare da mugayen ƙwayoyin cuta na iya buƙatar a bi da shi daban.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Mummunan Gonadal Germ Cell Tumor

Umwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta

Jiyya na cututtukan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

Ga yara maza masu ƙarancin shekaru 11:

• Yin tiyata (inguinal inguinal orchiectomy) sannan bin kallo don ciwan I

• Yin aikin tiyata (inguinal inguinal orchiectomy) wanda ke bi da chemotherapy don ciwan ciwan II-IV.

• Gwajin gwaji na sabon tsarin aikin tiyata wanda aka biyo baya don lura da ciwan I na I ko cutar sankara don ciwan II-IV.

• Gwajin gwaji na sabon tsarin kula da cutar sankara don ciwan II-IV.

Ga yara maza masu shekaru 11 zuwa sama:

Orswayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin yara maza da shekaru 11 da haihuwa sun bi da su ba kamar yadda ake yi wa yara maza ba. (Dubi taƙaitaccen bayanin akan Maganin Ciwon icwaro don ƙarin bayani.)

• Tiyata don cire ƙari. Wani lokacin kuma ana cire ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin ciki.

• Gwajin gwaji na sabon tsarin aikin tiyata wanda aka biyo baya don lura da ciwan I na I ko cutar sankara don ciwan II-IV.

• Gwajin gwaji na sabon tsarin kula da cutar sankara.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Umwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta Ovarian

Dysgerminomas

Jiyya na matakin farko na dysgerminomas na ƙwai na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Yin tiyata (salpingo-oophorectomy na musamman) sannan bin kallo. Za a iya ba da magani idan matakan alamar ƙari ba sa raguwa bayan tiyata ko ƙari ya dawo.

• Gwajin gwaji na sabon tsarin aikin tiyata wanda aka biyo baya da kallo.

Jiyya na matakai II-IV dysgerminomas na ƙwai na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Yin aikin tiyata (salpingo-oophorectomy bai ɗaya) sannan kuma a bi da cutar sankara.

• Chemotherapy don rage ƙwayar cuta, sannan kuma tiyata (salpingo-oophorectomy unilateral).

• Gwajin gwaji na sabon tsarin aikin tiyata wanda ya biyo bayan chemotherapy.

• Gwajin gwaji na sabon tsarin kula da cutar sankara.

Nongerminomas

Yin jiyya game da nongerminomas na kwayayen, kamar kumburin jakar kwai, hadewar kwayoyin kwayar halitta, choriocarcinoma, da carcinomas embryonal, a cikin ƙananan mata na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Yin aikin tiyata wanda aka biyo baya da lura don ciwan maruron I.

• Yin aikin tiyata wanda ke bi da cutar sankara don ciwan I-IV.

• Gwajin gwaji na sabon tsarin aikin tiyata wanda aka biyo baya don lura da ciwan I.

• Gwajin gwaji na sabon tsarin tiyata wanda aka bi ta hanyar chemotherapy don ciwan ciwan II-IV.

Jiyya na nongerminomas na ovary a cikin samari da matasa mata na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Yin tiyata da chemotherapy don ciwan I-IV.

• Gwajin gwaji na sabon tsarin aikin tiyata wanda aka biyo baya ta hanyar kallo ko magani.

• Gwajin gwaji na sabon tsarin kula da cutar sankara.

Jiyya na nongerminomas na kwayayen da ba za a iya cire su ta hanyar tiyata ta farko ba tare da haɗari ga nama kusa ba na iya haɗawa da haka:

• Biopsy tare da chemotherapy da tiyata.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Ananan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙananan yara a cikin ƙananan yara na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Yin tiyata da chemotherapy don ciwan I-IV.

• Biopsy ya biyo bayan chemotherapy da yiwuwar tiyata don matakan III da IV.

Baya ga matakin cutar, maganin cututtukan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar magungunan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan hanyoyi zuwa cikin ahyukiya ahikarantar ahjalar ahj ahj ahj ahj ahj ahjal ah wanda ya kasance Ahlulbahu Talizi ne wanda ya ahwace da Ahlulbain Ahlul Bawul ah ne ah Ahlul ahin ah ahin ta kasance ah ah-ah ah.

• Don ciwace-ciwacen da ke cikin sacrum ko coccyx, chemotherapy don taƙuda ƙwayar da aka biyo bayan tiyata don cire sacrum da / ko coccyx.

• Don ciwace-ciwacen daji a cikin mediastinum, chemotherapy kafin ko bayan tiyata don cire ƙari a cikin mediastinum.

• Don ciwace-ciwacen cikin ciki, biopsy da ke bi da chemotherapy don rage ƙwayar da kuma tiyata don cire ƙwayar a cikin ciki.

• Don ciwace-ciwacen cikin kai da wuya, tiyata don cire kumburin a cikin kai ko wuya wanda ke bi da cutar sankara.

Jiyya na ƙananan ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar yara a cikin matasa da matasa na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Tiyata.

• Chemotherapy.

• Chemotherapy ya biyo bayan aikin tiyata don cire kumburin.

• Gwajin gwaji na sabon tsarin aikin tiyata wanda aka biyo baya ta hanyar kallo ko magani.

• Gwajin gwaji na sabon tsarin kula da cutar sankara.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Maimaitaccen Childhoodananan Malananan Twayar Childhoodananan Cellananan Tananan Yara

Jiyya na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙananan yara na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Tiyata.

• Chemotherapy da aka bayar kafin ko bayan tiyata, don mafi yawan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta ciki har da teratomas da ba su balaga ba, da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta, da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta.

• Chemotherapy don cututtukan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma nongerminomas na ovary waɗanda suka kasance mataki na farko a ganewar asali.

• -Aramar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta.

• Maganin fitila wanda ya biyo bayan tiyata don cire kansar da ta bazu zuwa cikin kwakwalwa.

• Gwajin gwaji wanda ke bincikar samfurin ƙwayar cutar mai haƙuri don wasu canje-canje na asali. Nau'in maganin da aka yiwa niyya wanda za'a baiwa mai haƙuri ya dogara da nau'in canjin halittar mutum.

• Gwajin gwaji na ilimin kimiyyar magani shi kaɗai idan aka kwatanta shi da babban ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta wanda ya biyo bayan dasawar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Don Moreara Koyo Game da Ciwon Cutar Yara

Don ƙarin bayani daga Cibiyar Cancer ta cerasa game da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta, duba mai zuwa.

• Extracranial Germ Cell Tumor (Yara) Shafin Gida

• Tomography Tomography (CT) Scans da Ciwon daji

Don ƙarin bayani game da cutar sankarar yara da sauran albarkatun kansar gaba ɗaya, duba masu zuwa:

• Game da Ciwon daji

• Ciwon Yara

• Binciken Cure don Ciwon Childrenan yara

• Matsayi na Late na Jiyya don Ciwon Yara

• Matasa da Samari da Ciwon daji

• Yara da Ciwon daji: Jagora ga Iyaye

• Ciwon daji a cikin Yara da Matasa

• Tsayawa

• Yin fama da Ciwon daji

• Tambayoyi don Tambayar Doctor game da Ciwon daji

• Don Tsira da Kulawa