Nau'o'in / mahaifa / haƙuri / maganin mahaifa-pdq

Shafin Maganin Ciwon Kanji

Janar Bayani Game da Cutar sankarar mahaifa

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Cutar sankarar mahaifa cuta ce da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta (na kansa) a cikin ƙwayoyin mahaifa.

• Kwayar cututtukan papillomavirus (HPV) ita ce babbar haɗarin cutar kansa ta mahaifa.

• Yawanci babu alamu ko alamomin cutar sankarar mahaifa da wuri amma ana iya gano shi da wuri tare da duba lafiyar yau da kullun.

• Alamomi da alamomin cutar sankarar mahaifa sun hada da zubar jini ta farji da kuma ciwon mara.

• Ana amfani da gwaje-gwajen da ke bin kwakwalwar mahaifa don ganowa (gano) da kuma gano kansar mahaifa.

• Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Cutar sankarar mahaifa cuta ce da ke haifar da ƙwayoyin cuta (na kansa) a cikin ƙwayoyin mahaifa.

Erfin mahaifa shi ne ƙananan, ƙuntataccen ƙarshen mahaifa (rami, ɓangaren jikin pear inda ɗan tayi ya girma). Mahaifa yana kaiwa daga mahaifa zuwa farji (hanyar haihuwa).

Anatomy na tsarin haihuwa na mata. Gabobin da ke cikin tsarin haihuwar mace sun hada da mahaifa, ovaries, fallopian tubes, cervix, da kuma farji. Mahaifa yana da murfin murfin waje wanda ake kira myometrium da kuma rufin ciki wanda ake kira endometrium.

Ciwon sankarar mahaifa yawanci yakan bunkasa a hankali kan lokaci. Kafin ciwon daji ya bayyana a cikin wuyan mahaifa, kwayoyin halittar mahaifa suna shiga canjin da aka sani da suna dysplasia, inda kwayoyin cuta marasa kyau ke fara bayyana a jikin mahaifa. Da shigewar lokaci, ƙwayoyin da ba na al'ada ba na iya zama ƙwayoyin kansa kuma su fara girma da yaɗuwa sosai a cikin mahaifa da yankunan da ke kewaye da shi.

Cutar sankarar mahaifa a cikin yara ba safai ba.

Duba taƙaitattun masu zuwa don ƙarin bayani game da cutar sankarar mahaifa:

• Rigakafin cutar sankarar mahaifa

• Gwajin cutar sankarar mahaifa

• Cancers na Musamman na Kula da Yara

Kwayar cututtukan papillomavirus (HPV) ita ce babbar haɗarin cutar kansa ta mahaifa.

Duk wani abu da zai kara muku damar kamuwa da cuta to ana kiransa mai hadari. Samun haɗari ba ya nufin cewa za ku kamu da cutar kansa; ba tare da haɗarin abubuwan haɗari ba yana nufin cewa ba zaku sami cutar kansa ba. Yi magana da likitanka idan kuna tsammanin kuna iya fuskantar haɗarin cutar sankarar mahaifa.

Abubuwan haɗarin haɗarin cutar sankarar mahaifa sun haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Yin kamuwa da cutar papillomavirus ta mutum (HPV). Wannan shine mafi mahimmancin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar sankarar mahaifa.

• Kasancewa da maganin DES (diethylstilbestrol) yayin cikin mahaifar mahaifiya.

A cikin matan da suka kamu da cutar ta HPV, abubuwan haɗarin masu zuwa suna ƙara haɗarin cutar kansa ta mahaifa:

• Haihuwar yara da yawa.

• Shan sigari.

• Amfani da magungunan hana daukar ciki (“kwaya”) na dogon lokaci.

Hakanan akwai abubuwan haɗari waɗanda ke ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar ta HPV:

• Samun tsarin garkuwar jiki da ya raunana ta hanyar rigakafin rigakafi. Rigakafin rigakafi yana raunana ikon jiki don yaƙar cututtuka da sauran cututtuka. Ikon jiki don yaƙar kamuwa da cutar ta HPV na iya saukar da shi ta hanyar rigakafin rigakafi na dogon lokaci daga:

• dauke da kwayar cutar kanjamau (HIV).

• shan magani don taimakawa hana ƙin karɓar gaɓa bayan dashi.

• Yin jima'i a lokacin ƙuruciya.

• Samun abokan jima'i da yawa.

Yawan tsufa shine babban abin haɗari ga yawancin cutar kansa. Samun damar kamuwa da cutar kansa yana ƙaruwa yayin da kuka tsufa.

Yawanci babu alamu ko alamomin cutar sankarar mahaifa da wuri amma ana iya gano shi da wuri tare da duba lafiyar yau da kullun.

Cutar sankarar mahaifa da wuri ba za ta iya haifar da alamu ko alamomi ba. Mata su rika yin duba na yau da kullun, gami da gwaje-gwaje don bincika kwayar cutar papillomavirus (HPV) ko ƙwayoyin da ba na al'ada ba a cikin mahaifa. Hannun hangen nesa (damar samun sauki) ya fi kyau idan aka gano kansar da wuri.

Alamomi da alamomin cutar sankarar mahaifa sun hada da zubar jini ta farji da kuma ciwon mara. Wadannan da sauran alamu da alamomin na iya haifar da sankarar mahaifa ko ta wasu yanayi. Duba tare da likitanka idan kuna da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Zubar jini na farji (gami da zubar jini bayan jima'i).

• Fitowar farji mara kyau

• Ciwon mara

• Jin zafi yayin saduwa.

Ana amfani da gwaje-gwajen da ke bin kwakwalwar mahaifa don ganowa (gano) da kuma gano kansar mahaifa.

Za a iya amfani da waɗannan hanyoyin:

• Jarabawa ta jiki da tarihin lafiya: Jarabawa ta jiki don bincika alamomin lafiya gaba ɗaya, gami da bincika alamun cuta, kamar kumburi ko wani abu da kamar baƙon abu. Za a kuma ɗauki tarihin al'adun lafiyar marasa lafiya da cututtukan da suka gabata da magunguna.

• Jarrabawar Pelvic: Nazarin farji, mahaifar mahaifa, mahaifa, tublop fallopian, ovaries, da dubura. Ana saka takamaiman tsari a cikin farjin kuma likita ko nas sun kalli farji da bakin mahaifa don alamun cuta. Yawancin lokaci ana yin gwajin Pap ne na mahaifar mahaifa. Likita ko nas din ma suna sanya yatsun hannu guda daya zuwa biyu masu hannu, cikin safofin hannu a cikin farjin ta kuma sanya dayan hannun a kan ƙananan ciki don jin girman, sura, da matsayin mahaifa da ƙwai. Likita ko nas ma suna saka mai yatsa, mai yatsan hannu a cikin duburar don jin kumburi ko wuraren da ba na al'ada ba.

Jarrabawar Pelvic. Likita ko nas suna shigar da yatsun hannu ɗaya ko biyu, safofin hannu na hannu a cikin farjin kuma ɗayan hannun yana danna ƙananan ciki. Ana yin wannan don jin girman, sura, da matsayin mahaifa da kwai. Haka nan farjin, mahaifa, bututun mahaifa, da dubura suma ana duba su.

• Gwajin Pap: Hanya ce don tattara ƙwayoyin daga farcen mahaifa da farji. Ana amfani da wani auduga, buroshi, ko ƙaramin sanda na katako don sassauta ƙwayoyin halitta a wuyan mahaifa da farji. Ana duba kwayoyin a karkashin wani madubin likita don gano idan basuda matsala. Ana kiran wannan aikin a Pap smear.

Pap gwajin. Ana saka takamaiman tsari a cikin farji don fadada shi. Bayan haka, ana saka burushi a cikin farji don tara ƙwayoyin daga bakin mahaifa. Ana duba kwayoyin halitta a karkashin madubin likita don alamun cutar.

• Gwajin ɗan adam papillomavirus (HPV): Gwajin gwaji da aka yi amfani da shi don bincika DNA ko RNA don wasu nau'in kamuwa da cutar ta HPV. Ana tara ƙwayoyin halitta daga mahaifar mahaifa da DNA ko RNA daga ƙwayoyin don bincika ko an kamu da cuta ta wani irin HPV da ke da nasaba da cutar sankarar mahaifa. Ana iya yin wannan gwajin ta amfani da samfurin ƙwayoyin da aka cire yayin gwajin Pap. Hakanan za'a iya yin wannan gwajin idan sakamakon gwajin Pap ya nuna wasu ƙwayoyin mahaifa mara kyau.

• Endocervical curettage: Hanya ce ta tattara ƙwayoyin halitta ko nama daga cikin bakin mahaifa ta hanyar amfani da curette (kayan aikin cokali). Ana ɗaukar samfurin nama a ƙarƙashin madubin likita don alamun cutar kansa. Ana yin wannan aikin a wasu lokuta a lokaci guda a matsayin colposcopy.

• Colposcopy: Hanya ce wacce ake amfani da colposcope (kayan wuta, kayan kara kumburi) don bincika farji da wuyar mahaifa don wuraren da basu dace ba. Ana iya ɗaukar samfurin nama ta amfani da magani mai ɗauka (irin kayan aiki na cokali) ko burushi kuma a bincika su ta hanyar microscope don alamun cuta.

• Biopsy: Idan aka sami ƙwayoyin cuta marasa kyau a gwajin Pap, likita na iya yin biopsy. Wani samfurin nama an yanke shi daga cikin wuyan mahaifa kuma ana duba shi a karkashin wani madubin likita ta hanyar masanin kimiyyar cuta don duba alamun kansar. Gwajin jikin mutum wanda ke cire ƙananan ƙwayoyin nama yawanci ana yin shi a ofishin likita. Mace na iya buƙatar zuwa asibiti don ƙwanƙwan ƙwanƙwan ƙwanƙwan mahaifa (cire babban samfurin ƙwanƙwan nama na mahaifa).

Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Hangen nesa (damar dawowa) ya dogara da masu zuwa:

• Matakin ciwon daji (girman ƙari da ko ya shafi wani ɓangaren mahaifa ko dukkan mahaifa, ko kuma ya bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph ko wasu wurare a jiki).

• Nau'in cutar sankarar mahaifa.

• Mai haƙuri da shekaru da kuma general kiwon lafiya.

• Ko mai haƙuri yana da wani nau'in kwayar cutar papillomavirus (HPV).

• Ko mai haƙuri yana da kwayar cutar kanjamau (HIV).

• Ko dai an gano cutar kansa ko kuma ta sake dawowa (dawo).

Zaɓuɓɓukan jiyya sun dogara da masu zuwa:

• Matakin ciwon daji.

• Nau'in cutar sankarar mahaifa.

• Mai haƙuri yana da sha'awar samun yara.

• Mai haƙuri shekarunsa.

Maganin kansar mahaifa yayin daukar ciki ya dogara da matakin kansar da matakin ciki. Don cutar sankarar mahaifa da aka samo da wuri ko don cutar kansa da aka samo a ƙarshen ƙarshen ciki na ƙarshe, magani na iya jinkirta har sai bayan an haifi jaririn. Don ƙarin bayani, duba sashin kan sankarar sankarar mahaifa yayin da ake ciki.

Matakan cutar sankarar mahaifa

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Bayan an gano kansar mahaifa, ana yin gwaje-gwaje don gano ko kwayoyin cutar kansa sun bazu a cikin mahaifa ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

• Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa daga inda ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki.

• Kwayoyin cuta na al'ada na iya zama a cikin rufin mahaifa (carcinoma in situ).

• Ana amfani da matakai masu zuwa don cutar sankarar mahaifa:

• Mataki Na

• Mataki na II

• Mataki na III

• Mataki na IV

Bayan an gano kansar mahaifa, ana yin gwaje-gwaje don gano ko kwayoyin cutar kansa sun bazu a cikin mahaifa ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Hanyar da ake amfani da ita don gano ko cutar kansa ta bazu a cikin mahaifa ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki ana kiranta staging. Bayanin da aka tattara daga tsarin daukar matakan tantance matakin cutar. Yana da mahimmanci a san matakin don shirya magani.

Za'a iya amfani da gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin masu zuwa a cikin aikin tsayarwa:

• CT scan (CAT scan): Hanya ce da ke yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki, waɗanda aka ɗauka daga kusurwa daban-daban. Ana yin hotunan ne ta wata kwamfuta da aka haɗa ta da na'urar da ke ɗauke da x-ray. Ana iya yin allurar fenti a cikin jijiya ko haɗiye don taimakawa gabobin ko kyallen takarda su fito fili karara. Wannan hanya ana kiranta yanayin ƙididdigar lissafi, ƙirar kwamfuta, ko ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar kwamfuta.

• PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): Hanya ce don gano ƙwayoyin cuta masu illa a jiki. An sanya ƙwayar glucose mai ƙarancin rediyo (sukari) a cikin jijiya. Na'urar daukar hoton PET tana juyawa a jiki kuma tana yin hoto inda ake amfani da glucose a jiki. Kwayoyin cuta masu illa suna nuna haske a hoton saboda suna aiki kuma suna ɗaukar glucose fiye da ƙwayoyin al'ada.

• MRI (hoton maganadisu ): Hanya ce wacce ke amfani da maganadisu, raƙuman rediyo, da kuma kwamfuta don yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wurare a cikin jiki. Wannan hanya ana kiranta kuma ana kiranta hoton maganadisu na maganadisu (NMRI).

• Gwajin duban dan tayi: Hanya ce wacce ake fitar da igiyar sauti mai karfi (duban dan tayi) daga kyallen ciki ko gabobin ciki kuma suna yin kuwwa. Eararrawa ta haifar da hoton kayan jikin da ake kira sonogram. Ana iya buga wannan hoton don a kalleshi daga baya.

• Kirjin x-ray: X-ray na gabobin da kasusuwa a cikin kirji. X-ray wani irin katako ne na katako wanda zai iya ratsa jiki zuwa fim, yana yin hoton wurare a cikin jiki.

• Lymph node biopsy: Cire duka ko ɓangaren kumburin lymph. Kwararren likitan kwalliya yana kallon narkar da kwayar lymph a karkashin madubin likita don duba kwayoyin cutar kansa.

• Cystoscopy: Hanya ce don duba cikin mafitsara da mafitsara don bincika wuraren da ba na al'ada ba. Ana saka cystoscope ta cikin fitsarin cikin mafitsara. Cystoscope kayan aiki ne na bakin ciki, mai kama da bututu tare da haske da ruwan tabarau don kallo. Hakanan yana iya samun kayan aiki don cire samfuran nama, waɗanda aka bincika a ƙarƙashin microscope don alamun cutar kansa.

• Laparoscopy: Tsarin tiyata ne don duba gabobin da ke cikin ciki don bincika alamun cuta. Incananan raɗaɗɗu (yanka) ana yin su a bangon ciki kuma an saka laparoscope (na bakin ciki, bututu mai haske) cikin ɗayan wuraren. Sauran kayan aikin za'a iya saka su ta hanya daya ko wasu mahaukata don aiwatar da hanyoyin kamar cire gabobi ko daukar samfuran nama don a duba su a karkashin madubin likita na alamun cuta.

• Tsarin aikin tiyata : An gudanar da aikin tiyata don gano ko cutar kansa ta bazu a cikin mahaifa ko zuwa wasu sassan jiki. A wasu lokuta, ana iya cire kansar mahaifa a lokaci guda. Yawancin lokaci ana yin aikin tiyata ne kawai a zaman wani ɓangare na gwajin asibiti.

Ana duba sakamakon wadannan gwaje-gwajen tare da asalin kwayar halitta ta asali don tantance matakin sankarar mahaifa.

Akwai hanyoyi uku da kansar ke yaduwa a jiki.

Ciwon daji na iya yadawa ta hanyar nama, tsarin lymph, da jini:

• Nama. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta girma zuwa yankuna na kusa.

• Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya faro ta hanyar shiga cikin ƙwayoyin cuta. Ciwon daji yana bi ta cikin jirgin ruwan lymph zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

• Jini. Ciwon daji yana yaduwa daga inda ya fara ta hanyar shiga cikin jini. Ciwon daji yana bi ta hanyoyin jini zuwa wasu sassan jiki.

Ciwon daji na iya yaduwa daga inda ya fara zuwa sauran sassan jiki.

Lokacin da cutar daji ta bazu zuwa wani sashin jiki, akan kira shi metastasis. Kwayoyin sankara suna ɓata daga inda suka fara (asalin ƙwayar cuta) kuma suna tafiya ta cikin tsarin lymph ko jini.

• Tsarin Lymph. Ciwon daji ya shiga cikin tsarin laminin, ya ratsa ta cikin jiragen ruwan lymph, kuma ya samar da ƙari (metastatic tumo) a wani ɓangaren jiki.

• Jini. Ciwon kansa ya shiga cikin jini, ya bi ta hanyoyin jini, ya samar da ƙari (ƙwayar metastatic) a wani ɓangaren jiki.

Ciwon ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta shine irin ciwon daji kamar asalin farko. Misali, idan cutar sankarar mahaifa ta bazu zuwa huhu, ƙwayoyin kansa a cikin huhun ainihin ƙwayoyin kansa ne. Cutar cutar kansar mahaifa ce, ba ta sankarar huhu ba.

Kwayoyin cuta na al'ada na iya zama a cikin rufin mahaifa (carcinoma in situ).

A cikin carcinoma a wuri, ana samun ƙwayoyin halitta marasa kyau a cikin rufin ciki na mahaifa. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na yau da kullun na iya zama cutar kansa kuma su bazu cikin nama na yau da kullun.

Ana amfani da matakai masu zuwa don cutar sankarar mahaifa:

Mataki Na

A mataki na 1, cutar kansa ta samo asali kuma ana samun sa a cikin mahaifa kawai.

An rarraba Stage I zuwa matakai na IA da IB, gwargwadon girman tumo da mafi zurfin mamayar ƙari.

• Mataki IA: An rarraba matakin IA zuwa matakai na IA1 da IA2, dangane da mafi zurfin batun mamayar ƙari.

• A mataki na IA1, ana samun ƙaramin ƙananan ciwon daji wanda kawai za'a iya gani tare da madubin likita a cikin ƙwayoyin mahaifa. Mafi zurfin batun mamayar mama shine milimita 3 ko ƙasa da haka.

• A mataki na IA2, ana samun ƙaramin ƙananan ciwon daji wanda kawai za'a iya gani tare da madubin likita a cikin ƙwayoyin mahaifa. Matsakaicin zurfin mamayewar ƙari ya fi milimita 3 amma bai fi milimita 5 ba.

Milimita (mm). Mizanin fensir mai kaifi kusan 1 mm ne, sabon mahimmin mahimmin rubutu shine kusan 2 mm, kuma sabon goge fensir yakai 5 mm.

• Stage IB: Stage IB ya kasu kashi-kashi IB1, IB2, da IB3, gwargwadon girman ƙari da mafi zurfin mamayar ƙari.

• A mataki na IB1, ciwon shine santimita 2 ko karami kuma mafi zurfin batun mamayar ƙari ya fi milimita 5.

• A mataki na IB2, kumburin ya fi santimita 2 amma bai fi santimita 4 girma ba.

• A mataki na IB3, ciwan ya fi santimita 4 girma.

Ana auna girman girman tumo a santimita (cm) ko inci. Kayan abinci na yau da kullun waɗanda za'a iya amfani dasu don nuna girman ƙari a cm sun haɗa da: pea (cm 1), gyada (2 cm), innabi (3 cm), gyada (4 cm), lemun tsami (5 cm ko 2 inci), kwai (6 cm), peach (7 cm), da ɗan itacen inabi (inci 10 ko inci 4).

Mataki na II

A mataki na II, ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa kashi biyu cikin uku na farji ko zuwa ga abin da ke kusa da mahaifar.

Mataki na II ya kasu kashi-kashi IIA da IIB, dangane da yadda cutar kansa ta bazu.

• Mataki na IIA: Ciwon daji ya bazu daga cikin mahaifa zuwa kashi biyu cikin uku na farji amma bai bazu zuwa jikin da ke kusa da mahaifar ba. Mataki na IIA ya kasu kashi biyu IIA1 da IIA2, gwargwadon girman ƙari.

• A mataki na IIA1, ƙari ya zama santimita 4 ko ƙarami.

• A mataki na IIA2, ƙari ya fi santimita 4 girma.

• Mataki na IIB: Ciwon daji ya bazu daga mahaifar mahaifa zuwa abin da ke kewaye da mahaifar.

Mataki na III

A mataki na III, cutar kansa ta bazu zuwa kashi na uku na farji da / ko zuwa bangon ƙugu, kuma / ko ya haifar da matsalolin koda, da / ko ya haɗa da ƙwayoyin lymph.

An rarraba mataki na III zuwa matakai IIIA, IIIB, da IIIC, dangane da yadda cutar kansa ta bazu.

• Mataki na IIIA: Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa kashi na uku na farji amma bai bazu zuwa bangon ƙugu ba.

• Mataki na IIIB: Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa bangon ƙugu; da / ko kumburin ya zama ya isa ya toshe ureter ɗaya ko duka biyu ko kuma ya sa koda ɗaya ko duka biyu girma ko daina aiki.

• Stage IIIC: Stage IIIC ya kasu kashi biyu IIIC1 da IIIC2, dangane da yaduwar cutar kansa zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph.

• A mataki na IIIC1, ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph a ƙashin ƙugu.

• A cikin mataki na IIIC2, ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph a cikin ciki kusa da aorta.

Mataki na IV

A mataki na hudu, cutar daji ta bazu bayan ƙashin ƙugu, ko kuma ta bazu zuwa cikin rufin mafitsara ko dubura, ko ta bazu zuwa sauran sassan jiki.

An rarraba mataki na IV zuwa matakai na IVA da IVB, dangane da inda cutar kansa ta bazu.

• Mataki na IVA: Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa gaɓoɓi na kusa, kamar mafitsara ko dubura.

• Mataki na IVB: Ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa wasu sassan jiki, kamar hanta, huhu, ƙasusuwa, ko narkarda ƙwayoyin lymph.

Maimaita Ciwon Mara

Maimaita kansar mahaifa ita ce cutar daji da ta sake dawowa (dawo) bayan an warke ta. Ciwon kansa na iya dawowa a cikin mahaifa ko kuma a wasu sassan jiki.

Bayanin Zaɓin Jiyya

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Akwai nau'ikan magani daban-daban ga marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar sankarar mahaifa.

• Ana amfani da nau'i biyar na daidaitaccen magani:

• Tiyata

• Radiation far

• Chemotherapy

• Ciwon da aka yi niyya

• Immunotherapy

• Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

• Jiyya don cutar sankarar mahaifa na iya haifar da illa.

• Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

• Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

• Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Akwai nau'ikan magani daban-daban ga marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar sankarar mahaifa.

Akwai nau'ikan magani daban-daban ga marasa lafiya masu fama da cutar sankarar mahaifa. Wasu jiyya suna daidaito (magani da ake amfani dashi yanzu), kuma wasu ana gwada su a gwajin asibiti. Gwajin gwajin magani shine binciken bincike wanda aka tsara don taimakawa inganta ingantattun jiyya na yanzu ko samun bayanai game da sababbin jiyya ga marasa lafiya da ciwon daji. Lokacin da gwaji na asibiti ya nuna cewa sabon magani ya fi magani na yau da kullun, sabon magani na iya zama daidaitaccen magani. Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti. Wasu gwaji na asibiti ana buɗe su ne kawai ga marasa lafiyar da basu fara magani ba.

Ana amfani da nau'i biyar na daidaitaccen magani:

Tiyata

Yin tiyata (cire cutar kansa a cikin aiki) wani lokacin ana amfani dashi don magance cutar sankarar mahaifa. Ana iya amfani da hanyoyin aikin tiyata masu zuwa:

• Haɗuwa: Hanya ce don cire kayan ƙwanƙwasa mai kama da mahaifa da magudanar jijiyar mahaifa. Kwararren likitan kwalliya yana kallon naman a ƙarƙashin madubin likita don neman ƙwayoyin kansa. Ana iya amfani da haɗuwa don tantancewa ko magance yanayin mahaifa. Wannan hanya ana kiranta kwayar halitta.

Za'a iya yin haɗin kai ta amfani da ɗayan hanyoyin masu zuwa:

• Sanyawar wuka mai sanyi: Hanyar tiyata ce wacce ke amfani da fatar kan mutum (kaifi wuka) don cire ƙwayar cuta ko cutar kansa.

• Hanyar cire fitina ta lantarki (LEEP): Hanyar tiyata wacce take amfani da wutar lantarki ta ratsa ta cikin madaidaiciyar madaurin waya a matsayin wuka don cire kayan cuta ko cutar kansa.

• Yin tiyata ta Laser: Aikin tiyata ne wanda ke amfani da katako mai ƙarancin laser (ƙuntataccen katako na tsananin haske) azaman wuƙa don yin yankewar jini a cikin nama ko cire wani rauni na sama kamar ƙari.

Nau'in tsarin saduwa da aka yi amfani da shi ya dogara da inda ƙwayoyin cutar kansa suke a cikin mahaifa da kuma irin cutar sankarar mahaifa.

• Total hysterectomy: Tiyata don cire mahaifa, ciki har da cervix. Idan an fitar da mahaifa da mahaifar mahaifa ta cikin farji, ana kiran aikin tiyatar farji. Idan an fitar da mahaifa da mahaifar mahaifa ta hanyar babban yanki (yankewa) a cikin ciki, ana kiran aikin da aikin duka hysterectomy na ciki. Idan an fitar da mahaifa da mahaifar mahaifa ta wani karamin rauni a cikin ciki ta amfani da laparoscope, ana kiran aikin da ake kira duka laparoscopic hysterectomy.

Ciwon mahaifa. Ana cire mahaifar ta hanyar fida tare da ko ba tare da sauran gabobi ko kyallen takarda ba. A cikin duka aikin cirewar mahaifa, an cire mahaifa da mahaifar mahaifa. A cikin duka cysterectomy tare da salpingo-oophorectomy, (a) an cire mahaifa da daya (unilateral) ovary da fallopian tube; ko (b) mahaifa da duka biyun (biyun) ovaries da fallopian tubes an cire su. A cikin tsattsauran mahaifa, mahaifa, mahaifar mahaifa, duka kwai, duka biyun fallopian, da kayan dake kusa. Ana aiwatar da waɗannan hanyoyin ta amfani da raunin ƙananan ƙyama ko ragi a tsaye.

• Radical hysterectomy: Tiyata don cire mahaifa, wuyan mahaifa, wani ɓangare na farji, da yanki mai yawa na jijiyoyi da kyallen takarda kewaye da waɗannan gabobin. Hakanan za'a iya cire ovaries, tublop fallopian, ko kuma lemph nodes.

• Hysterectomy mai tsattsauran ra'ayi: Tiyata don cire mahaifa, wuyan mahaifa, ɓangaren sama na farji, da jijiyoyi da kyallen takarda waɗanda ke kusa da waɗannan gabobin. Hakanan za'a iya cire ƙwayoyin lymph na kusa. A wannan nau'in tiyatar, ba yawancin kayan kyallen takarda da / ko gabobin da ake cirewa kamar a cikin jijiyar ciki ba.

• Radical trachelectomy: Tiyata don cire bakin mahaifa, nama kusa da lymph nodes, da kuma ɓangaren sama na farji. Ba a cire mahaifa da ovaries.

• Hanyar salpingo-oophorectomy: Yin tiyata don cire duka ƙwarjiyoyin biyu da na bututun mahaifa.

• Fitarwar Pelvic: Tiyata don cire ƙananan hanji, dubura, da mafitsara. Hakanan an cire mahaifa, farji, kwai, da kuma kumburin kumburin kusa. Ana yin buɗaɗɗun wucin gadi (stoma) don fitsari da ɗaka don gudana daga jiki zuwa jakar tarawa. Ana iya buƙatar tiyata ta roba don yin farji na wucin gadi bayan wannan aikin.

Radiation far

Radiation therapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda yake amfani da hasken rana mai ƙarfi ko wasu nau'ikan radiation don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa ko hana su girma. Akwai nau'o'in maganin radiation guda biyu:

• Magungunan radiation na waje yana amfani da inji a waje don aika radiation zuwa ga cutar kansa. Wasu hanyoyi na ba da maganin fitila na iya taimakawa kiyaye radiation daga lalata lafiyar nama mai kusa. Wannan nau'ikan maganin radiation ya hada da masu zuwa:

• Radiationarfin ƙwayar cuta mai ƙarfi (IMRT): IMRT wani nau'i ne na maganin fitilar 3-girma (3-D) wanda ke amfani da kwamfuta don yin hotunan girman da siffar kumburin. Beananan bakin katako na iska mai ƙarfi daban-daban (ƙarfi) ana nufin kumburin daga kusurwa da yawa.

• Magungunan radiation na ciki yana amfani da abu mai tasirin rediyo wanda aka rufe a cikin allurai, tsaba, wayoyi, ko catheters waɗanda aka sanya kai tsaye zuwa ko kusa da ciwon daji.

Hanyar da ake ba da maganin raɗarar ya dogara da nau'in da matakin cutar kansa. Ana amfani da maganin radiation na waje da na ciki don magance cutar sankarar mahaifa, kuma ana iya amfani da shi azaman kwantar da hankali don sauƙaƙe alamomin da haɓaka ƙimar rayuwa.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda ke amfani da magunguna don dakatar da haɓakar ƙwayoyin kansa, ko dai ta hanyar kashe ƙwayoyin ko ta hana su rarraba. Lokacin da ake shan chemotherapy ta baki ko allura a cikin jijiya ko tsoka, magungunan suna shiga cikin jini kuma zasu iya kaiwa ga kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin jiki duka (systemotherapy chemotherapy). Lokacin da aka sanya chemotherapy kai tsaye zuwa cikin ruwa mai ruɓaɓɓen ciki, gaɓoɓi, ko rami na jiki kamar ciki, magungunan yawanci suna shafar ƙwayoyin kansa ne a waɗancan yankuna. Hanyar da ake ba da cutar sankara ta dogara da nau'in da matakin cutar kansa.

Duba Magungunan da aka Amince dasu don cutar sankarar mahaifa don ƙarin bayani.

Ciwon da aka yi niyya

Targeted therapy wani nau'in magani ne wanda yake amfani da magunguna ko wasu abubuwa don ganowa da afkawa takamaiman ƙwayoyin cutar kansa ba tare da cutar ƙwayoyin halitta ba.

Magungunan rigakafi na Monoclonal wani nau'in magani ne da aka yi niyya wanda ke amfani da kwayar cutar da aka yi a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje daga nau'in kwayar halitta ta rigakafi. Wadannan kwayoyin cuta na jikin mutum na iya gano abubuwan da ke jikin kwayoyin cutar kansar ko kuma wasu abubuwa na yau da kullun wadanda zasu iya taimakawa kwayoyin cutar kansa. Kwayoyin rigakafin suna haɗuwa da abubuwan kuma suna kashe ƙwayoyin cutar kansa, toshe haɓakar su, ko kiyaye su daga yaɗuwa. Ana ba da ƙwayoyin cuta na Monoclonal ta hanyar jiko. Ana iya amfani da su su kaɗai ko ɗaukar ƙwayoyi, gubobi, ko kayan aikin rediyo kai tsaye zuwa ƙwayoyin kansa.

Bevacizumab wani maganin rigakafi ne wanda ke daure da furotin da ake kira factor endothelial growth (VEGF) kuma yana iya hana ci gaban sabbin jijiyoyin jini da ciwace-ciwacen daji ke buƙatar girma. Ana amfani da Bevacizumab don magance cutar sankarar mahaifa wacce ta daidaita (yadawa zuwa wasu sassan jiki) da maimaituwar kansar mahaifa.

Duba Magungunan da aka Amince dasu don cutar sankarar mahaifa don ƙarin bayani.

Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy magani ne wanda ke amfani da garkuwar jikin mara lafiya don yaƙar kansa. Abubuwan da jiki ya yi ko aka yi a dakin gwaje-gwaje ana amfani da su don haɓaka, kai tsaye, ko maido da kariya ta jiki daga cutar kansa. Wannan nau'in maganin cutar kansa ana kiransa biotherapy ko biologic therapy.

Maganin hana hana ruwa rigakafi wani nau'in rigakafi ne na rigakafi.

• Maganin hana mai hana shiga jiki: PD-1 furotin ne akan saman ƙwayoyin T wanda ke taimakawa kiyaye martani na garkuwar jiki a cikin bincike. Lokacin da PD-1 ke haɗuwa da wani furotin da ake kira PDL-1 akan kwayar sankara, yakan dakatar da kwayar T daga kashe kwayar cutar kansa. Masu hana PD-1 sun haɗa zuwa PDL-1 kuma suna ba da ƙwayoyin T damar kashe ƙwayoyin kansa. Pembrolizumab wani nau'in mai hana kariya ne wanda ake amfani dashi don magance cutar sankarar mahaifa.

Mai hana shigowar shinge Binciken sunadarai, kamar PD-L1 akan ƙwayoyin tumo da PD-1 akan ƙwayoyin T, suna taimakawa kiyaye maganganun rigakafi a cikin bincike. Ofaurin PD-L1 zuwa PD-1 yana kiyaye ƙwayoyin T daga kashe ƙwayoyin tumo a jiki (ɓangaren hagu). Katange ɗaurin PD-L1 zuwa PD-1 tare da mai hana kariya na kariya (anti-PD-L1 ko anti-PD-1) yana ba wa ƙwayoyin T damar kashe ƙwayoyin tumor (ɓangaren dama)

Duba Magungunan da aka Amince dasu don cutar sankarar mahaifa don ƙarin bayani.

Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

Ana samun bayani game da gwaji na asibiti daga gidan yanar gizon NCI.

Jiyya don cutar sankarar mahaifa na iya haifar da illa.

Don bayani game da illolin da cutar ta kansar ta haifar, duba shafin mu na Side Side.

Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

Ga wasu marasa lafiya, shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya zama mafi kyawun zaɓin magani. Gwajin gwaji wani bangare ne na aikin binciken cutar kansa. Ana yin gwaje-gwajen asibiti don gano ko sabbin maganin cutar daji suna da lafiya da tasiri ko kuma sun fi magani na yau da kullun.

Yawancin yau da kullun na yau da kullun don cutar kansa sun dogara ne akan gwajin asibiti na farko. Marasa lafiya da ke cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya karɓar daidaitaccen magani ko kuma su kasance cikin farkon waɗanda za su karɓi sabon magani.

Marasa lafiya da ke shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti suma suna taimakawa inganta hanyar da za a bi da kansar a nan gaba. Koda lokacin gwajin asibiti bai haifar da sababbin magunguna ba, sau da yawa sukan amsa mahimman tambayoyi kuma suna taimakawa ci gaba da bincike gaba.

Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

Wasu gwaji na asibiti kawai sun haɗa da marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su sami magani ba tukuna. Sauran gwaje-gwajen suna gwada jiyya ga marasa lafiya waɗanda cutar kansa ba ta samu sauki ba. Hakanan akwai gwaji na asibiti da ke gwada sabbin hanyoyin dakatar da cutar kansa daga sake dawowa (dawowa) ko rage tasirin maganin kansar.

Gwajin gwaji na gudana a sassa da yawa na ƙasar. Bayani game da gwajin asibiti wanda NCI ke tallafawa ana iya samun shi akan shafin binciken gwaji na NCI. Ana iya samun gwajin gwaji na asibiti wanda wasu kungiyoyi ke tallafawa akan gidan yanar gizon ClinicalTrials.gov.

Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Za a iya maimaita wasu gwaje-gwajen da aka yi don gano cutar kansa ko don gano matakin cutar kansa. Za a maimaita wasu gwaje-gwaje don ganin yadda magani ke aiki. Shawarwari game da ci gaba, canji, ko dakatar da magani na iya dogara ne da sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.

Wasu daga cikin gwaje-gwajen za a ci gaba da yi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci bayan an gama jiyya. Sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya nuna idan yanayin ku ya canza ko kuma idan kansar ta sake dawowa (dawo). Wadannan gwaje-gwajen wasu lokuta ana kiran su gwaje-gwaje na gaba ko dubawa.

Likitanku zai yi tambaya ko kuna da alamun waɗannan alamun ko alamun, waɗanda ke iya nufin cewa ciwon daji ya dawo:

• Jin zafi a ciki, baya, ko ƙafa.

• Kumburi a kafa.

• Matsalar yin fitsari.

• Tari.

• Jin kasala.

Game da cutar sankarar mahaifa, yawanci ana yin gwaje-gwaje kowane watanni 3 zuwa 4 na shekaru 2 na farko, sannan ana dubawa duk bayan watanni 6. Binciken ya hada da tarihin lafiya na yanzu da gwajin jiki don bincika alamomi da alamomin cutar sankarar mahaifa da kuma sakamakon magani.

Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya ta Mataki

A Wannan Sashin

• Carcinoma a cikin Situ

• Mataki IA Ciwon Mahaifa

• Matakai IB da IIA Ciwon Mahaifa

• Matakai IIB, III, da IVA Cutar sankarar mahaifa

• Mataki na IVB Ciwon Mahaifa

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Carcinoma a cikin Situ

Jiyya na carcinoma a cikin yanayi na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Haɗawa, kamar haɗuwa da wuka mai sanyi, madaidaiciyar hanyar cire wutar lantarki (LEEP), ko tiyatar laser.

• Yin aikin tiyata ga matan da ba za su iya ba ko kuma ba sa son haihuwa. Ana yin hakan ne kawai idan ba za a iya kawar da cutar gaba daya ta hanyar haɗuwa ba.

• Magungunan radiation na ciki ga matan da ba za su iya yin tiyata ba.

Mataki IA Ciwon Mahaifa

Matakin IA ciwon sankarar mahaifa ya rabu zuwa mataki na IA1 da IA2.

Jiyya don mataki na IA1 na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Haɗuwa.

• Jimlar aikin tiyata tare da ko ba tare da salpingo-oophorectomy ba.

Jiyya don mataki na IA2 na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Hysterectomy mai tsattsauran ra'ayi da cire ƙwayoyin lymph.

• Radical trachelectomy.

• Magungunan radiation na ciki ga matan da ba za su iya yin tiyata ba.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Matakai IB da IIA Ciwon Mahaifa

Jiyya na mataki na IB da na IIA kansar mahaifa na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Radiation far tare da chemotherapy aka ba a lokaci guda.

• Ystwayar tsabtace ciki da cirewar ƙwayoyin lymph na ƙwayoyin cuta tare da ko ba tare da maganin radiation zuwa ƙashin ƙugu ba, da kuma cutar sankara.

• Radical trachelectomy.

• Chemotherapy ya biyo bayan tiyata.

• Radiation far kadai.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Matakai IIB, III, da IVA Cutar sankarar mahaifa

Jiyya na mataki na IIB, mataki na III, da mataki na IVA kansar mahaifa na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Radiation far tare da chemotherapy aka ba a lokaci guda.

• Yin aikin tiyata don cire ƙwayoyin lymph na ƙugu da ke bi ta hanyar kulawar ko kuma ba tare da chemotherapy.

• Magungunan radiation na ciki.

• Gwajin gwajin magani na chemotherapy don rage ƙwayar cutar ta hanyar tiyata.

• Gwajin gwajin magani na chemotherapy da radiyo da aka bayar a lokaci guda, sannan kuma chemotherapy.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Mataki na IVB Ciwon Mahaifa

Jiyya na matakin IVB kansar mahaifa na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Radiation far kamar yadda ake kwantar da hankali don taimakawa bayyanar cututtuka da ke haifar da ciwon daji da inganta yanayin rayuwa.

• Chemotherapy da maganin farfadowa.

• Chemotherapy azaman farfadowa na kwantar da hankali don taimakawa bayyanar cututtukan da cutar sankara ta haifar da haɓaka ƙimar rayuwa.

• Gwajin gwaji na sababbin magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta ko haɗin magunguna.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don Ciwon Cutar Cancer na Maimaitawa

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Jiyya na ciwon sankarar mahaifa na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

• Immunotherapy.

• Radiation far da chemotherapy.

• Chemotherapy da maganin farfadowa.

• Chemotherapy azaman farfadowa na kwantar da hankali don taimakawa bayyanar cututtukan da cutar sankara ta haifar da haɓaka ƙimar rayuwa.

• Pwarewar Pelvic.

• Gwajin gwaji na sababbin magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta ko haɗin magunguna.

Yi amfani da binciken bincikenmu na asibiti don nemo NCI na goyan bayan gwajin asibiti wanda ke karɓar marasa lafiya. Kuna iya bincika gwaji dangane da nau'in ciwon daji, shekarun mai haƙuri, da kuma inda ake yin gwajin. Ana samun cikakken bayani game da gwaji na asibiti.

Cutar sankarar mahaifa yayin daukar ciki

A Wannan Sashin

• Janar Bayani Game da Cutar sankarar mahaifa yayin daukar ciki

• Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don Ciwon Cutar Mahaifa Yayin Ciki

• Carcinoma a cikin Situ Yayin Ciki

• Mataki Na Cutar sankarar mahaifa Yayin Ciki

• Mataki na II, III, da IV na Ciwon Cutar Mara Ciki Yayin Ciki

Janar Bayani Game da Cutar sankarar mahaifa yayin daukar ciki

Maganin kansar mahaifa yayin daukar ciki ya dogara da matakin cutar kansa da kuma tsawon lokacin da mara lafiyar ya yi ciki. Ana iya yin gwajin kwayar halitta da gwajin hoto don tantance matakin cutar. Don kaucewa fallasa ɗan tayi zuwa raɗaɗi, ana amfani da MRI (hoton maganadisu).

Zaɓuɓɓukan Jiyya don Ciwon Cutar Mahaifa Yayin Ciki

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Carcinoma a cikin Situ Yayin Ciki

Yawancin lokaci, ba a buƙatar magani don carcinoma a cikin yanayi yayin daukar ciki. Ana iya yin colposcopy don bincika kansar mai illa.

Mataki Na Cutar sankarar mahaifa Yayin Ciki

Mata masu juna biyu masu saurin girma I cutar sankarar mahaifa na iya jinkirta jinya har zuwa watanni biyu na ciki ko bayan haihuwa.

Mata masu juna biyu masu saurin girma I kansar mahaifa na iya buƙatar magani nan da nan. Jiyya na iya haɗawa da:

• Haɗuwa.

• Radical trachelectomy.

Mata ya kamata a gwada su don gano ko kansar ta bazu zuwa cikin mahaifa. Idan ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph, ana iya buƙatar magani nan da nan.

Mataki na II, III, da IV na Ciwon Cutar Mara Ciki Yayin Ciki

Jiyya don mataki na II, mataki na III, da mataki na huɗu na cutar sankarar mahaifa yayin daukar ciki na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Chemotherapy don rage ƙwayar cuta a cikin na biyu ko na uku na ciki. Za a iya yin aikin tiyata ko kuma maganin fuka-fuka bayan haihuwa.

• Radiation far da chemotherapy. Yi magana da likitanka game da tasirin radiation kan ɗan tayi. Yana iya zama dole don kawo ƙarshen ciki kafin fara magani.

Domin Sanin Karin bayani akan cutar sankarar mahaifa

Don ƙarin bayani daga Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa game da cutar sankarar mahaifa, duba mai zuwa:

• Shafin Shafin Ciwon Mahaifa

• Rigakafin cutar sankarar mahaifa

• Gwajin cutar sankarar mahaifa

• Cancers na Musamman na Kula da Yara

• Magunguna da Aka Amince da Ciwon Mara

• Lasers a Ciwon daji

• Fahimtar Canje-canjen Mahaifa: Jagorar Kiwon Lafiya ga Mata

• Alurar rigakafin ɗan adam (HPV)

• HPV da Pap Gwaji

Don cikakkun bayanai game da cutar kansa da sauran albarkatu daga Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa, duba mai zuwa:

• Game da Ciwon daji

• Tsayawa

• Chemotherapy da ku: Tallafi ga Mutanen da ke Ciwon daji

• Radiation Far da Kai: Taimako ga Mutane Tare da Ciwon daji

• Yin fama da Ciwon daji

• Tambayoyi don Tambayar Doctor game da Ciwon daji

• Don Tsira da Kulawa