Nau'o'in / kwakwalwa / haƙuri / yaro-ependymoma-treatment-pdq

Kulawar Yara da Yara da Yara (®) –Patient Version

Janar Bayani Game da Yarinyar Ependymoma

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Yarinyar ependymoma cuta ce wacce ƙwayoyin cuta masu saurin kamuwa da cuta a cikin ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa da lakar kashin baya.

• Akwai nau'ikan ependymomas.

• Bangaren kwakwalwar da abin ya shafa ya dogara da inda kwayar halittar take.

• Ba a san musabbabin mafi yawan cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar yara ba.

• Alamu da alamomin yarinta ba ɗaya ba ne a cikin kowane ɗa.

• Ana amfani da gwaje-gwajen da ke bincikar kwakwalwa da kashin baya don gano (nemo) ƙarancin yarinta.

• Yarinyar ependymoma ana bincikar ta kuma cire shi a cikin tiyata.

• Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Yarinyar ependymoma cuta ce wacce ƙwayoyin cuta masu saurin kamuwa da cuta a cikin ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa da lakar kashin baya.

Thewalwa tana sarrafa mahimman ayyuka kamar ƙwaƙwalwa da koyo, motsin rai, da azanci (ji, gani, ƙanshi, dandano, da taɓawa). Cordwayar kashin baya ta haɗu da ƙwayoyin zaren jijiyoyi waɗanda ke haɗa kwakwalwa da jijiyoyi a mafi yawan sassan jiki.

Ependymomas ya samo asali ne daga kwayoyin halitta wadanda suke layi da hanyoyin shiga cikin kwakwalwa da lakarsa. Kwayoyin halittar jiki suna samar da ruwa mai ruwa (CSF).

Wannan taƙaitaccen bayani ne game da maganin cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa na farko (ciwace-ciwacen da ke farawa a cikin kwakwalwa). Jiyya na metastatic kwakwalwa marurai, waxanda suke da siffofin maruran da cewa za a fara a cikin wasu sassa na jiki da kuma yada su a cikin kwakwalwa, ba tattauna a cikin wannan summary.

Akwai nau'ikan ciwan ƙwaƙwalwa iri-iri. Ciwon ƙwaƙwalwa na iya faruwa a cikin yara da manya. Koyaya, magani ga yara ya bambanta da na manya. Duba taƙaitawar mai zuwa don ƙarin bayani:

• Wararriyar wararriyar arami da inalanƙara na Jiyya

• Adult Tsarin Jijiyoyin Ciwan Marasa Lafiya na Manya

Akwai nau'ikan ependymomas.

Groupsungiyoyin Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ƙungiyoyi masu tsinkaye a cikin manyan ƙananan nau'i biyar:

• Subependymoma (WHO sa na; ba safai a cikin yara ba).

• Myxopapillary ependymoma (WHO matakin I).

• Ependymoma (WHO sa na II).

• RELA fusion-tabbatacce ependymoma (WHO sa II ko aji III tare da canji a cikin RELA gene).

• Anaplastic ependymoma (WHO sa III).

Matsayin kumburi ya bayyana yadda ƙwayoyin cuta na cutar kansa ba su da kyau a ƙarƙashin madubin likita da kuma yadda saurin ƙwayar zai iya girma da kuma yaɗuwa. Kwayoyin kansar da ke da ƙarancin daraja (sa I) sun yi kama da ƙwayoyin cuta na yau da kullun fiye da ƙwayoyin cutar kanjamau masu daraja (sa ta II da III) Kwayoyin cutar kanjamau na Grade I suma suna girma kuma suna yaɗuwa a hankali fiye da ƙwayoyin kansar sa na II da III.

Bangaren kwakwalwar da abin ya shafa ya dogara da inda kwayar halittar take.

Ependymomas na iya ƙirƙirar ko'ina a cikin ɗakunan da ke cike da ruwa da hanyoyin shiga cikin kwakwalwa da laka. Yawancin ependymomas suna fitowa a cikin huɗu na huɗu kuma suna shafar cerebellum da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa. Ependymomas ba shi da yawa sosai a cikin jijiyoyin jikin mutum kuma da wuya a cikin laka.

Anatomy na cikin kwakwalwar da ke nuna ventralle na gefe, na uku, na huɗu, da kuma hanyoyin da ke tsakanin ɗakunan (tare da ruwan sanyin jiki da aka nuna a shuɗi) Sauran sassan kwakwalwar da aka nuna sun hada da cerebrum, cerebellum, laka, da kuma kwayar kwakwalwa (pons da medulla).

Inda siffofin ependymoma ke shafar aikin kwakwalwa da laka:

• Cerebellum: lowerananan , ɓangaren baya na kwakwalwa (kusa da tsakiyar tsakiyar bayan kai). Cerebellum yana sarrafa motsi, daidaito, da kuma hali.

• Stemwayar Brain: partangaren da ke haɗa kwakwalwa da lakar kashin baya, a cikin mafi ƙarancin ɓangaren ƙwaƙwalwar (sama da bayan wuyanta). Kwakwalwar kwakwalwa tana sarrafa numfashi, bugun zuciya, da jijiyoyi da tsokoki wadanda akayi amfani dasu wajen gani, ji, tafiya, magana, da kuma cin abinci.

• Cerebrum: Mafi girman sashi na kwakwalwa, a saman kai. Cerewaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta tana sarrafa tunani, koyo, warware matsalar, magana, motsin rai, karatu, rubutu, da motsi na son rai.

• Cordarƙwarar ƙashi: Sashin jijiyar da ke gudana daga kwakwalwa ya faɗi tsakiyar tsakiyar baya. An rufe ta da sikoki guda uku na bakin ciki waɗanda ake kira membranes. Theananan kashin baya da membranes suna kewaye da kashin baya (kashin baya). Jijiyoyin kashin baya suna daukar sako tsakanin kwakwalwa da sauran jiki, kamar sako daga kwakwalwa don haifar da jijiyoyi ko sako daga fata zuwa kwakwalwa don jin tabawa.

Ba a san musabbabin mafi yawan cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar yara ba.

Alamu da alamomin yarinta ba ɗaya ba ne a cikin kowane ɗa.

Alamomi da cututtuka sun dogara da masu zuwa:

• Shekarun yaron.

• Inda kumburin ya samo asali.

Ana iya haifar da alamu da alamomin ta hanyar ƙaddarar yarinta ko wasu yanayi. Binciki likitan ɗanka idan ɗanka yana da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Yawan ciwon kai.

• Kamawa.

• Tashin zuciya da amai.

• Jin zafi a wuya ko baya.

• Rashin daidaituwa ko wahalar tafiya.

• Rashin ƙarfi a ƙafafu.

• Burin gani.

• Canji a aikin hanji.

• Matsalar yin fitsari.

• Rikicewa ko bacin rai.

Ana amfani da gwaje-gwajen da ke bincikar kwakwalwa da kashin baya don gano (nemo) ƙarancin yarinta.

Za a iya amfani da waɗannan gwaje-gwajen da hanyoyin:

• Jarabawa ta jiki da tarihin lafiya: Jarabawa ta jiki don bincika alamomin lafiya gaba ɗaya, gami da bincika alamun cuta, kamar kumburi ko wani abu da kamar baƙon abu. Za a kuma ɗauki tarihin al'adun lafiyar marasa lafiya da cututtukan da suka gabata da magunguna.

• Nazarin ilimin lissafi: Jerin tambayoyi da gwaje-gwaje don bincika kwakwalwa, laka, da aikin jijiya. Jarabawar tana bincikar halin tunanin mutum, daidaituwarsa, da ikon yin tafiya yadda ya kamata, da kuma yadda ƙarfin jijiyoyi, hankula, da abubuwan da suke nunawa ke aiki. Hakanan ana iya kiransa gwajin neuro ko gwajin neurologic.

• MRI (hoton maganadisu ) tare da gadolinium: Hanya ce da ke amfani da maganadisu, raƙuman rediyo, da kuma kwamfuta don yin jerin hotuna dalla-dalla na wuraren da ke cikin kwakwalwa da laka. Wani sinadari da ake kira gadolinium ana allura shi a cikin jijiya kuma yana tafiya ta hanyoyin jini. Gadolinium yana tattarawa a kusa da ƙwayoyin cutar kansa don haka sun ƙara haske a hoton. Wannan hanya ana kiranta kuma ana kiranta hoton maganadisu na maganadisu (NMRI).

• Lumbar puncture: Hanyar da ake amfani da ita don tara ruwa mai ruɓar ciki (CSF) daga sashin kashin baya Ana yin wannan ta hanyar sanya allura tsakanin ƙasusuwa biyu a cikin kashin baya da kuma cikin CSF a kewayen ƙashin baya da cire samfurin ruwa. An bincika samfurin CSF a ƙarƙashin microscope don alamun ƙwayoyin ƙari. Hakanan za'a iya bincika samfurin don yawan furotin da glucose. Mafi yawan adadin furotin na al'ada ko ƙasa da adadin glucose na yau da kullun na iya zama alamar ƙari. Wannan hanyar ana kiranta LP ko taɓar kashin baya.

Lumbar huda Mai haƙuri yana kwance a cikin lankwasawa akan tebur. Bayan an kidaya wani karamin yanki a kasan baya, sai a saka allura ta kashin baya (dogon, siririn sirara) a cikin sashin kasan kashin kashin baya don cire ruwan ciki na kwakwalwa (CSF, wanda aka nuna a shudi). Ana iya aika ruwan zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don gwaji.

Yarinyar ependymoma ana bincikar ta kuma cire shi a cikin tiyata.

Idan gwaje-gwajen binciken ya nuna akwai yuwuwar ƙwaƙwalwa, ana yin biopsy ta cire wani ɓangare na kwanyar da amfani da allura don cire samfurin ƙwayoyin ƙwaƙwalwar. Kwararren likitan kwalliya yana kallon naman a ƙarƙashin madubin likita don neman ƙwayoyin kansa da ƙayyade matsayin ƙwayar. Idan aka sami ƙwayoyin kansa, likita zai cire ƙari kamar yadda zai yiwu a yayin aikin tiyata.

Craniotomy: Ana yin buɗa a cikin kwanyar kuma an cire wani ɓangare na kwanyar don nuna wani ɓangare na kwakwalwa.

Za'a iya yin gwajin na gaba akan ƙyallen da aka cire:

• Immunohistochemistry: Gwajin gwaje-gwaje wanda ke amfani da kwayoyin cuta don bincika wasu antigens (alamomi) a cikin samfurin jikin mai haƙuri. Magungunan rigakafi yawanci suna da alaƙa da enzyme ko fenti mai kyalli. Bayan kwayoyin sun kunshi wani takamaiman antigen a cikin samfurin, sai a kunna enzyme ko rini, sannan za a iya ganin antigen a karkashin wani madubin likita. Ana amfani da irin wannan gwajin don taimakawa wajen gano kansar da kuma taimakawa gaya ga wani nau'in cutar kansa daga wani nau'in cutar kansa.

Wasu dalilai suna tasiri hangen nesa (damar dawowa) da zaɓuɓɓukan magani.

Hanyoyin hangen nesa da zaɓuɓɓukan magani sun dogara da:

• Inda ƙari ya samo asali a cikin tsarin kulawa na tsakiya (CNS).

• Ko akwai wasu canje-canje a cikin kwayoyin halitta ko chromosomes.

• Ko kowane kwayoyin cutar kansa sun rage bayan tiyata don cire kumburin.

• Nau'in da darajar ependymoma.

• Shekarun yaro lokacin da aka gano kumburin.

• Ko cutar daji ta bazu zuwa wasu sassan kwakwalwa ko laka.

• Ko dai an gano kumburin ko kuma ya sake dawowa (dawo).

Fahimtar cutar kuma ya dogara ne akan ko an ba da maganin radiation, nau'in da kuma jiyyarsa, kuma ko an ba da maganin ƙararrakin kadai.

Matakai na Ependymoma na Yara

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Babu daidaitaccen tsarin tsarkewa don ƙarancin yarinta.

• Sake dawowa yara ƙanƙara shi ne ƙari wanda ya sake dawowa (bayan dawowa) bayan an kula da shi.

Babu daidaitaccen tsarin tsarkewa don ƙarancin yarinta.

Staging tsari ne da ake amfani dashi don gano ko kansar ta rage bayan tiyata kuma idan kansar ta bazu.

Maganin ependymoma ya dogara da masu zuwa:

• Inda ciwon daji yake a cikin kwakwalwa ko laka.

• Shekarun yaron.

• Nau'in da darajar ependymoma.

Sake dawowa yara ƙanƙara shi ne ƙari wanda ya sake dawowa (bayan dawowa) bayan an kula da shi.

Pendwararren pendaramar yara yakan sake komawa, yawanci a asalin ciwon daji. Ciwon yana iya dawowa har tsawon shekaru 15 ko fiye bayan jiyya na farko.

Bayanin Zaɓin Jiyya

MAGANAN MAGANA

• Akwai nau'ikan magani daban-daban na yara masu fama da cutar ependymoma.

• Yaran da ke fama da cutar ependymoma ya kamata ƙungiyar masu ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya waɗanda suka ƙware wajen kula da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar yara.
• Ana amfani da nau'ikan magani uku:

• Tiyata

• Radiation far

• Chemotherapy

• Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

• Ciwon da aka yi niyya

• Jiyya don ƙwararrun yara na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa.

• Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

• Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

• Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Akwai nau'ikan magani daban-daban na yara masu fama da cutar ependymoma.

Akwai nau'ikan magani daban-daban wa yara masu fama da cutar ependymoma. Wasu jiyya suna daidaito (magani da ake amfani dashi yanzu), kuma wasu ana gwada su a gwajin asibiti. Gwajin gwajin magani shine binciken bincike wanda aka tsara don taimakawa inganta ingantattun jiyya na yanzu ko samun bayanai game da sababbin jiyya ga marasa lafiya da ciwon daji. Lokacin da gwaji na asibiti ya nuna cewa sabon magani ya fi magani na yau da kullun, sabon magani na iya zama daidaitaccen magani.

Saboda cutar kansa a cikin yara ba safai ba, ya kamata a yi la'akari da shiga cikin gwajin asibiti. Wasu gwaji na asibiti ana buɗe su ne kawai ga marasa lafiyar da basu fara magani ba.

Yaran da ke fama da cutar ependymoma ya kamata ƙungiyar masu ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya waɗanda suka ƙware wajen kula da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar yara. Jiyya za ta kula da likitan ilimin likitan yara, likita wanda ya kware kan kula da yara masu cutar kansa. Masanin ilimin likitancin yara yana aiki tare da wasu masu ba da kula da lafiya na yara waɗanda ƙwararru ne wajen kula da yara da ciwan ƙwaƙwalwa kuma waɗanda suka ƙware a wasu fannonin magani. Wadannan na iya hada da kwararru masu zuwa:

• Neurosurgeon likitan yara.

• Neurologist.

• Likitan yara.

• Radiation oncologist

• Masanin ilimin likita na ilimin likita.

• Masanin ilimin likita.

• Gwanayen gyarawa.

• Masanin ilimin psychologist.

• Kwararren rayuwar yara.

Ana amfani da nau'ikan magani uku:

Tiyata

Idan sakamakon gwaje-gwajen bincike ya nuna akwai yuwuwar ƙwaƙwalwa, ana yin biopsy ta cire wani ɓangare na kwanyar da amfani da allura don cire samfurin ƙwanƙolin ƙwaƙwalwar. Wani masanin ilimin ɗan adam ya kalli nama a ƙarƙashin madubin likita don bincika ƙwayoyin kansa. Idan aka sami ƙwayoyin kansa, likita zai cire ƙari kamar yadda zai yiwu a yayin aikin tiyata.

Craniotomy: Ana yin buɗa a cikin kwanyar kuma an cire wani ɓangare na kwanyar don nuna wani ɓangare na kwakwalwa.

Ana yin MRI sau da yawa bayan an cire kumburin don gano ko wani ƙari ya rage. Idan ƙari ya kasance, za a iya yin tiyata ta biyu don cire yawancin ƙwayar ƙwayar da za ta yiwu.

Bayan likita ya cire dukkan cutar daji da za a iya gani a lokacin tiyatar, wasu marasa lafiya za a iya ba su maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ko kuma maganin furewa bayan tiyata don kashe duk ƙwayoyin cutar kansa da suka rage. Maganin da ake bayarwa bayan tiyata, don rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa zai dawo, ana kiran sa adjuvant therapy.

Radiation far

Radiation therapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda yake amfani da hasken rana mai ƙarfi ko wasu nau'ikan radiation don kashe ƙwayoyin kansa ko hana su girma. Magungunan radiation na waje yana amfani da wata na'ura a wajen jiki don aika jujjuyawar zuwa jikin jiki da cutar kansa.

Wasu hanyoyi na ba da maganin fitila na iya taimakawa kiyaye radiation daga lalata lafiyar nama mai kusa. Wadannan nau'ikan maganin radiation sun hada da masu zuwa:

• Magungunan radiation na yau da kullun: Maganin ƙwayar cuta ta zamani shine nau'in maganin fure na waje wanda yake amfani da komputa don yin hoto mai girman 3 (3-D) na ƙari kuma yana tsara katangar fitila don dacewa da ƙari.

• Radiationarfin ƙwayar cuta mai ƙarfi (IMRT): IMRT wani nau'i ne na maganin fitilar 3-girma (3-D) wanda ke amfani da kwamfuta don yin hotunan girman da siffar kumburin. Beananan bakin katako na iska mai ƙarfi daban-daban (ƙarfi) ana nufin kumburin daga kusurwa da yawa.

• Proton-beam radiation therapy: Proton-beam therapy wani nau'in karfi ne, maganin feshin waje. Na'urar maganin fuka-fuka tana nufin rafuka na proton (ƙarami, marar ganuwa, ƙwaƙƙwaran caji) a cikin ƙwayoyin cutar kansa don kashe su.

• Yin aikin tiyata na motsa jiki: Tsarin motsa jiki na wani nau'in magani ne na waje. An liƙa firam ɗin da ba shi da ƙarfi a kwanyar don kiyaye kansa a yayin kulawar radiation. Inji yana nufin babban ƙwayar raɗaɗɗiya kai tsaye a ƙari. Wannan aikin ba ya ƙunsar tiyata. Hakanan ana kiranta stereotaxic radiosurgery, rediyo, da tiyata.

Childrenananan yara waɗanda ke karɓar maganin radiation zuwa kwakwalwa suna da haɗarin matsalolin matsaloli tare da ci gaba da haɓaka fiye da manyan yara. 3-D maganin raɗaɗɗen radiation da maganin proton-beam ana nazarin su a cikin yara ƙanana don ganin idan tasirin radiation akan girma da ci gaba ya ragu.

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy magani ne na cutar kansa wanda ke amfani da magunguna don dakatar da haɓakar ƙwayoyin kansa, ko dai ta hanyar kashe ƙwayoyin ko ta hana su rarraba. Lokacin da ake shan chemotherapy ta baki ko allura a cikin jijiya ko tsoka, magungunan suna shiga cikin jini kuma zasu iya kaiwa ga kwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin jiki duka (systemotherapy chemotherapy).

Ana gwada sababbin nau'ikan magani a gwajin asibiti.

Wannan ɓangaren taƙaitaccen bayani yana bayanin jiyya waɗanda ake nazarin su a gwajin asibiti. Yana iya ba ambaci kowane sabon magani ana nazarin. Ana samun bayani game da gwaji na asibiti daga gidan yanar gizon NCI.

Ciwon da aka yi niyya

Targeted therapy wani nau'in magani ne wanda yake amfani da magunguna ko wasu abubuwa don afkawa ƙwayoyin kansar. Ieswararrun hanyoyin kwantar da hankali yawanci suna haifar da toarancin cutarwa ga kwayoyin al'ada fiye da chemotherapy ko maganin radiation.

Ana nazarin ilimin da aka yi niyya don maganin raunin yara wanda ya sake dawowa (dawo).

Jiyya don ƙwararrun yara na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa.

Don bayani game da illolin da ke farawa yayin magani don cutar kansa, duba shafin Gurbinmu.

Hanyoyi masu illa daga maganin ciwon daji wanda zai fara bayan jiyya kuma ya ci gaba tsawon watanni ko shekaru ana kiransa sakamako na ƙarshe. Sakamakon sakamako na maganin kansa na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Matsalolin jiki, gami da matsaloli tare da:

• Ci gaban hakori.

• Jin aiki.

• Kashi da ci gaban tsoka da ci gaba.

• Ayyukan thyroid.

• Buguwa

• Canje-canje a cikin yanayi, ji, tunani, ilmantarwa, ko ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.

• Cancer na biyu (sababbin nau'ikan cutar kansa), kamar kansar thyroid ko sankarar kwakwalwa.

Wasu maganganun ƙarshen ana iya magance su ko sarrafa su. Yana da mahimmanci a yi magana da likitocin ɗanka game da illar da cutar kansa za ta iya yi wa ɗanka. (Dubi taƙaitaccen bayanin akan ƙarshen tasirin Jiyya don Ciwon Childhoodan yara don ƙarin bayani.)

Marasa lafiya na iya son yin tunani game da shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti.

Ga wasu marasa lafiya, shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya zama mafi kyawun zaɓin magani. Gwajin gwaji wani bangare ne na aikin binciken cutar kansa. Ana yin gwaje-gwajen asibiti don gano ko sabbin maganin cutar daji suna da lafiya da tasiri ko kuma sun fi magani na yau da kullun.

Yawancin yau da kullun na yau da kullun don cutar kansa sun dogara ne akan gwajin asibiti na farko. Marasa lafiya da ke cikin gwaji na asibiti na iya karɓar daidaitaccen magani ko kuma su kasance cikin farkon waɗanda za su karɓi sabon magani.

Marasa lafiya da ke shiga cikin gwaji na asibiti suma suna taimakawa inganta hanyar da za a bi da kansar a nan gaba. Koda lokacin gwajin asibiti bai haifar da sababbin magunguna ba, sau da yawa sukan amsa mahimman tambayoyi kuma suna taimakawa ci gaba da bincike gaba.

Marasa lafiya na iya shiga gwajin asibiti kafin, lokacin, ko bayan fara maganin cutar kansa.

Wasu gwaji na asibiti kawai sun haɗa da marasa lafiya waɗanda ba su sami magani ba tukuna. Sauran gwaje-gwajen suna gwada jiyya ga marasa lafiya waɗanda cutar kansa ba ta samu sauki ba. Hakanan akwai gwaji na asibiti da ke gwada sabbin hanyoyin dakatar da cutar kansa daga sake dawowa (dawowa) ko rage tasirin maganin kansar.

Gwajin gwaji na gudana a sassa da yawa na ƙasar. Bayani game da gwajin asibiti wanda NCI ke tallafawa ana iya samun shi akan shafin binciken gwaji na NCI. Ana iya samun gwajin gwaji na asibiti wanda wasu kungiyoyi ke tallafawa akan gidan yanar gizon ClinicalTrials.gov.

Ana iya buƙatar gwaje-gwaje na gaba.

Za a iya maimaita wasu gwaje-gwajen da aka yi don gano cutar kansa ko don gano matakin cutar kansa. Za a maimaita wasu gwaje-gwaje don ganin yadda magani ke aiki. Shawarwari game da ci gaba, canji, ko dakatar da magani na iya dogara ne da sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen.

Wasu daga cikin gwaje-gwajen za a ci gaba da yi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci bayan an gama jiyya. Sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya nuna idan yanayin ɗanku ya canza ko kuma idan ciwon daji ya sake dawowa (dawo). Wadannan gwaje-gwajen wasu lokuta ana kiran su gwaje-gwaje na gaba ko dubawa.

Gwaje-gwaje na ci gaba na ƙananan yara sun haɗa da MRI (hoton maganadisu) na kwakwalwa da lakar kashin baya a tazara mai zuwa:

• Na farko shekaru 2 zuwa 3 bayan jiyya: Kowane watanni 3 zuwa 4.

• Shekaru hudu zuwa 5 bayan jiyya: Kowane watanni 6.

• Fiye da shekaru 5 bayan jiyya: Sau ɗaya a shekara.

Jiyya na Yara Myxopapillary Ependymoma

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Jiyya na sabon binciken yara myxopapillary ependymoma (sa na I) shine:

• Tiyata. Wani lokaci ana ba da magani na radiation bayan tiyata.

Jiyya na Ependymoma na Yara, Anaplastic Ependymoma, da RELA Fusion-tabbatacce Ependymoma

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Jiyya na sabon cututtukan yara da aka gano (aji na biyu), anaplastic ependymoma (aji na uku), da RELA fusion-tabbatacce ependymoma (aji na biyu ko aji na uku) shine:

• Tiyata.

Bayan tiyata, shirin don ƙarin magani ya dogara da masu zuwa:

• Ko kowane kwayar cutar kansa ta rage bayan tiyata.

• Ko cutar daji ta bazu zuwa wasu sassan kwakwalwa ko laka.

• Shekarun yaron.

Lokacin da aka cire kumburin gaba daya kuma kwayoyin cutar kansa basu yadu ba, magani na iya hada da masu zuwa:

• Radiation far.

Lokacin da wani ɓangare na ƙari ya kasance bayan tiyata, amma ƙwayoyin kansar ba su bazu ba, magani na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Tiyata ta biyu don cire yawancin ragowar ƙwayar cuta yadda ya yiwu.

• Radiation far.

• Chemotherapy.

Lokacin da kwayoyin cutar kansar suka bazu a cikin kwakwalwa da lakar, jiyya na iya hada da masu zuwa:

• Radiation far zuwa kwakwalwa da laka.

• Chemotherapy.

Jiyya ga yara 'yan ƙasa da shekara 1 na iya haɗa da masu zuwa:

• Chemotherapy.

• Radiation far. Ba a ba wa yara fyaɗe ba har sai sun girmi shekara 1 da haihuwa.

• Gwajin gwaji na 3-dimensional (3-D) tsarin aikin fida na zamani ko kuma maganin fitila mai haske.

Jiyya na pendananan yara Ependymoma

Don bayani game da jiyya da aka jera a ƙasa, duba sashin Kula da Zaɓin Jiyya.

Jiyya na sake dawo da ƙananan yara na iya haɗuwa da masu zuwa:

• Tiyata.

• Radiation na radiation, wanda zai iya haɗawa da aikin tiyata na stereotactic, farfadowa mai sauƙin jujjuyawa, ko maganin fure-fure mai cike da iska.

• Chemotherapy.

• Gwajin gwaji wanda ke bincikar samfurin ƙwayar cutar mai haƙuri don wasu canje-canje na asali. Nau'in maganin da aka yiwa niyya wanda za'a baiwa mai haƙuri ya dogara da nau'in canjin halittar mutum.

Don Moreara Koyo Game da Tananan inwayoyin inwalwa

Don ƙarin bayani game da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar yara, duba masu zuwa:

• Consortium Brain Tumor Consortium (PBTC) Fita daga Sanarwa

Don ƙarin bayani game da cutar sankarar yara da sauran albarkatun kansar gaba ɗaya, duba masu zuwa:

• Game da Ciwon daji

• Ciwon Yara

• Binciken Cure don Ciwon Childrenan yara

• Matsayi na Late na Jiyya don Ciwon Yara

• Matasa da Samari da Ciwon daji

• Yara da Ciwon daji: Jagora ga Iyaye

• Ciwon daji a cikin Yara da Matasa

• Tsayawa

• Yin fama da Ciwon daji

• Tambayoyi don Tambayar Doctor game da Ciwon daji

• Don Tsira da Kulawa