About-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/radiation/zh

輻射

某些波長的輻射（稱為電離輻射）具有足夠的能量來破壞DNA並引起癌症。 電離輻射包括ra，X射線，伽馬射線和其他形式的高能輻射。 尚未發現低能，非電離形式的輻射，例如可見光和手機的能量，會導致人患癌症。

氡

on是岩石和土壤釋放出的放射性氣體。 當放射性元素鐳分解時會形成。 當放射性元素鈾和or分解時，又形成了鐳。 ra含量高的人患肺癌的風險增加。

如果您生活在該國岩石和土壤中high含量高的地區，則不妨測試一下此氣體。 家用don測試易於使用且成本不高。 大多數五金店都出售測試套件。 有許多方法可以將房屋中的ra量降低到安全水平。 有關ra的更多信息，請參見Radon頁面以及Radon and Cancer情況說明書。

X射線和其他輻射源

High-energy radiation, such as x-rays, gamma rays, alpha particles, beta particles, and neutrons, can damage DNA and cause cancer. These forms of radiation can be released in accidents at nuclear power plants and when atomic weapons are made, tested, or used.

Certain medical procedures, such as chest x-rays, computed tomography (CT) scans, positron emission tomography (PET) scans, and radiation therapy can also cause cell damage that leads to cancer. However, the risks of cancer from these medical procedures are very small, and the benefit from having them is almost always greater than the risks.

Talk with your doctor if you think you may be at risk for cancer because you were exposed to radiation. People considering CT scans should talk with their doctors about whether the procedure is necessary for them and about its risks and benefits. Cancer patients may want to talk with their doctors about how radiation treatment could increase their risk for a second cancer later on.

For more information, see the fact sheets on Accidents at Nuclear Power Plants and Cancer Risk and Computed Tomography (CT) Scans and Cancer.