About-cancer/causes-prevention/research
==
Causes and Prevention Research
== NCI Study Finds Long-term Increased Risk of Cancer Death Following Common Treatment for Hyperthyroidism
Posted: July 1, 2019
Findings from a new NCI study of patients who received radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment for hyperthyroidism show an association between the dose of treatment and long-term risk of death from solid cancers, including breast cancer.
UK Clinical Trial Compares E-cigarettes, Nicotine-Replacement Products for Smoking Cessation
Posted: March 8, 2019 Researchers in the United Kingdom have found that e-cigarettes combined with counseling may be more helpful to smokers trying to quit tobacco than counseling and nicotine-replacement products, such as patches, gums, and lozenges.
BRCA Exchange Aggregates Data on Thousands of BRCA Variants to Inform Understanding of Cancer Risk
Posted: January 9, 2019 The BRCA Exchange, a global resource that includes data on thousands of inherited variants in the BRCA1/BRCA2 genes, is available to the public through a website and new smartphone app.
Study Finds Elevated Risk of Certain Rare Blood Cancers after Chemotherapy for Most Solid Tumors
Posted: December 20, 2018 In a new study, NIH investigators found that patients treated with chemotherapy for most solid tumors had an increased risk of tMDS/AML, a rare but often fatal blood cancer. The study, which used population-based data, was published in JAMA Oncology.
Vitamin D Supplements Don’t Reduce Cancer Incidence, Trial Shows
Posted: December 13, 2018 In the largest-ever randomized trial testing vitamin D for cancer prevention, the supplement did not lower the risk of developing cancer. The Vitamin D and Omega-3 Trial (VITAL) includes a nationally representative sample of nearly 26,000 participants.
Eight Factors May Link Disparities in Cancer Death Rates and Income
Posted: November 8, 2018 Eight factors may explain more than 80% of the relationship between poverty and disparities in cancer death rates at the county level, according to a new study. The largest mediator was a surprise to the researchers.
Studying “Total Diet” and Its Impact on Health, Including Cancer Risk
Posted: October 25, 2018 Researchers are shifting how they assess diet and cancer risk, looking beyond the impact of individual foods or nutrients on health, and taking a more holistic approach, considering dietary patterns across the lifespan.
Vaping Pods Produce High Nicotine Levels in Young Users
Posted: October 5, 2018 Adolescents who use pod-style e-cigarettes had higher levels of nicotine in their bodies than is typically found in adolescents who smoke conventional cigarettes, a new study has found. The study's findings are concerning for several reasons.
Cancer Prevention Message Is Key for HPV Vaccination Discussions with Parents
Posted: July 10, 2018 Health care providers should emphasize cancer prevention when discussing HPV vaccination with the parents of preteens who are due to receive the vaccine, results from a new study show.
HPV Vaccination Linked to Decreased Oral HPV Infections
Posted: June 5, 2017 A study of more than 2,600 young adults found that the prevalence of oral infection with four HPV types, including two cancer-causing types, was 88% lower in those who reported receiving at least one dose of an HPV vaccine than in those not vaccinated.
Aspirin to Reduce Cancer Risk
Updated: February 23, 2017 Even as a federal advisory panel has supported the use of aspirin to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer in some people, researchers are investigating how aspirin works against cancer and whether it may help reduce the risk of other cancers.
U.S. Cancer Mortality Rates Falling, But Some Regions Left Behind, Study Finds
Posted: February 21, 2017 A study of nationwide mortality data found that, while cancer deaths in the U.S. dropped between 1980 and 2014, disparities persisted, and in 160 counties cancer mortality rose substantially.
Shifts Seen in Tobacco Product Types Purchased in US
Posted: January 23, 2017 The consumption of cigarettes, small cigars, and chewing tobacco has declined over the past 15 years, according to a new study. These declines were partially offset by a rise in consumption of large cigars, pipe tobacco, and snuff.
No Safe Level of Smoking: Even low-intensity smokers are at increased risk of earlier death
Posted: December 5, 2016 People who consistently smoked an average of less than one cigarette per day over their lifetimes had a 64 percent higher risk of earlier death than people who never smoked.
CDC Updates Recommendations on HPV Vaccine Posted: November 14, 2016 Updated CDC recommendations advise those younger than age 15 need only two doses of the HPV vaccine instead of three.
Adolescents Who Wouldn’t Have Smoked May Be Drawn to E-Cigarettes
Posted: August 11, 2016 The findings from a recent study suggest that adolescents are not just using e-cigarettes as a substitute for conventional cigarettes but that e-cigarettes are attracting new users to tobacco products.
Setting the Stage for the Next Decade of Tobacco Control Research
Posted: July 5, 2016 A new report from an NCI working group lays out recommended priorities to help shape the institute’s future tobacco control research portfolio.
Increased Physical Activity Associated with Lower Risk of 13 Types of Cancer
Posted: May 16, 2016 A new study of the relationship between physical activity and cancer has shown that greater levels of leisure-time physical activity were associated with a lower risk of developing 13 different types of cancer; the risk of developing seven cancer types was 20 percent lower among the most active participants as compared with the least active participants.
Improving Public Health through Increased Tobacco Regulation
Posted: May 10, 2016 NCI’s Dr. Robert Croyle discusses the Food and Drug Administration’s release of a rule that extends its regulatory authority over tobacco products to include cigars, e-cigarettes, hookah (waterpipe) tobacco.
HPV Infections Targeted by Vaccine Decrease in U.S.
Posted: March 9, 2016 Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) types targeted by the quadrivalent HPV vaccine has declined by nearly two-thirds among teenage girls since HPV vaccination was recommended in the United States.
Mouse Study Points to Mechanism Linking Obesity and Colorectal Cancer Risk
Posted: February 8, 2016 A missing hormone in obese mice may help explain a longstanding association between obesity and an increased risk of colorectal cancer in humans.
Antioxidants Accelerate the Growth and Invasiveness of Tumors in Mice
Posted: November 12, 2015 Metastatic tumor cells are particularly sensitive to oxidative stress, and antioxidant supplementation increases their ability to grow and metastasize.
CRISPR: Genome Editing Comes of Age
Posted: September 23, 2015 A technique for gene editing known as CRISPR-Cas9 has made it much easier and faster for cancer researchers to study mutations and test new therapeutic targets.
Smoking’s Disease Burden: Worse than Previously Thought?
Posted: March 16, 2015 According to a new study, smoking may be responsible for far more deaths each year than previously thought.
Gardasil 9 Vaccine Protects against Additional HPV Types
Posted: March 2, 2015 In a large randomized clinical trial, a new human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine effectively prevented infection and disease caused by nine HPV types, including seven types that cause cervical and other cancers—five of which were not covered by the previously available HPV vaccines—and two types that cause genital warts.
Exposure to Secondhand Smoke Plummets, but Disparities Persist
Posted: February 13, 2015 Second-hand smoke exposure has fallen by 50 percent since 1999, a new study finds, but millions are still routinely exposed to secondhand smoke.
Study Shows Elevated Number of Cancers in US HIV Positive Population
Posted: February 9, 2015 In 2010, an estimated 7,760 new cancers were diagnosed among the nearly 900,000 Americans known to be living with HIV infection. According to the first comprehensive study in the United States, approximately half of these cancers were in excess of what would be expected if HIV-infected people had the same cancer risk as the general population.
Report Offers Comprehensive Look at Global Smokeless Tobacco Use
Posted: January 7, 2015 The first report of its kind finds that more than 300 million people worldwide use smokeless tobacco products and that they are linked to a number of cancers.
Debate, Research on E-Cigarettes Continue
Posted: December 11, 2014 Since they first began to be sold in North America in the mid-2000s, electronic cigarettes have been the subject of intense debate. NCI's Dr. Michele Bloch recently presented an update on some of the issues surrounding e-cigarettes.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccines: An Interview with Douglas R. Lowy, M.D.
Posted: November 20, 2014 NCI’s Dr. Doug Lowy discusses HPV vaccines, including their efficacy, safety, and the development of next-generation vaccines.
NCI scientists find protective mechanism against cancer in the cells of progeria patients
Posted: October 2, 2014 NCI scientists have studied cells of patients with an extremely rare genetic disease that is characterized by drastic premature aging and discovered a new protective cellular mechanism against cancer. They found that cells from patients with Hutchinson Gilford Progeria Syndrome (HGPS), who typically do not develop cancer, contain a tumor protection mechanism that is mediated by BRD4.
NCI study finds extreme obesity may shorten life expectancy up to 14 years
Posted: July 8, 2014 Extremely obese people have increased risks of dying from cancer and many other causes including heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and kidney and liver diseases, according to results of an analysis of data pooled from 20 large studies of people from three countries.
