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| 有关护理决策和寿命终止计划的更多信息,请参阅NCI的《规划向晚期癌症的寿命终止护理过渡》。 | | 有关护理决策和寿命终止计划的更多信息,请参阅NCI的《规划向晚期癌症的寿命终止护理过渡》。 |
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− | === Talking with Your Health Care Team === | + | === 与您的医疗团队交谈 === |
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− | Your health care team needs to know what you want to know. Many people have a team of health care providers who work together to help them. This team may include doctors, nurses, oncology social workers, dietitians, and other specialists. They need to know your goals for care at this stage of your cancer and how you would like to proceed. Tell them what is most important to you now. For example is it:
| + | 您的医疗团队需要知道您想知道什么。 许多人拥有一支由医疗服务提供者组成的团队,他们共同努力以帮助他们。 该团队可能包括医生,护士,肿瘤社会工作者,营养师和其他专家。 他们需要知道您在癌症现阶段的护理目标以及您希望如何进行。 告诉他们什么对您现在最重要。 例如: |
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− | *Controlling symptoms and feeling comfortable? | + | *控制症状并感到舒适? |
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− | *Receiving care at home? | + | *在家接受护理? |
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− | *Being open to experimental treatments? | + | *是否接受实验治疗? |
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− | '''Let them know about any questions you have'''. Their answers will help you know what to expect both now and in the future. | + | '''让他们知道您有任何问题'''.他们的答案将帮助您知道现在和将来会发生什么。 |
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− | It's important to have good communication and an understanding of your goals with those who will be caring for you. Here are some topics you may want to discuss with your doctor or other members of your health care team:
| + | 与将要照顾您的人进行良好的沟通并了解您的目标非常重要。 您可能需要与您的医生或医疗团队的其他成员讨论以下主题: |
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− | *'''Decision-making''' | + | *'''做决定''' |
− | :Some people want to know all the details about their care. Others prefer to know as little as possible. Some patients want to make all the decisions, while others want family members to make most of their decisions. What would you prefer? Decide what you want to know, how much you want to know, and when you’ve heard enough. Choose the amount of information that is most comfortable for you, and tell your doctor and family members. Ask that they follow your wishes.
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− | *'''Pain or other symptoms'''
| + | :有些人想知道有关其护理的所有详细信息。 其他人则希望尽可能少地了解。 一些患者希望做出所有决定,而另一些患者希望家人做出大部分决定。 您想要什么? 确定您想知道的内容,想知道的内容以及何时听到足够的信息。 选择最适合您的信息量,然后告诉您的医生和家人。 要求他们遵循您的意愿。 |
− | :Some people assume that there will always be severe pain with advanced cancer. This does not have to be the case. Pain can be managed throughout the course of the disease. People whose pain is managed are able to focus on enjoying life. They can sleep better, enjoy friends and family, and focus on the daily activities they enjoy It’s important to be honest and open about your pain. Tell your doctors if and where you have pain. | |
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− | *'''Know your family’s wishes''' | + | *'''疼痛或其他症状''' |
− | :Some family members may have trouble coping with your cancer prognosis. They may not want to know how far the disease has advanced or how much time doctors think you have. If you feel comfortable, ask your family members how much they want to know about your condition. Then let your health care team know their wishes. Do this as soon as possible. It will help avoid conflicts or distress among your loved ones. If you haven't done so already, it is important to fill out advance directives. | + | :有人认为晚期癌症总是会带来严重的疼痛。 并非必须如此。 可以在整个疾病过程中控制疼痛。 管理好痛苦的人能够专注于享受生活。 他们可以睡得更好,可以和朋友和家人在一起,并专注于他们喜欢的日常活动。诚实和坦诚地对待自己的痛苦非常重要。 告诉您的医生是否以及在何处感到疼痛。 |
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− | '''No One Knows the Future''' | + | *'''了解家人的愿望''' |
| + | :一些家庭成员可能无法应付您的癌症预后。 他们可能不想知道疾病已发展到什么程度或医生认为您患有疾病的时间。 如果您感到舒适,请询问您的家人,他们想了解您的病情多少。 然后,让您的医疗团队知道他们的意愿。 尽快执行此操作。 这将有助于避免您所爱的人之间的冲突或困扰。 如果您还没有这样做,那么填写高级指令很重要。 |
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− | It's normal for people to want to know how long they will have to live. It's also natural to want to prepare for what lies ahead.
| + | '''没有人知道未来''' |
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− | But predicting how long someone will live is difficult. Your doctor has to take into account the type of cancer, treatment, past illnesses, and other factors. Your doctor may be able to give you an estimate. But keep in mind that it's a guess. Every patient is different.
| + | 人们通常想知道他们必须活多久是正常的。 想要为即将发生的事情做准备也是很自然的。 |
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− | Some patients live long past the time the doctor first predicted. Others live a shorter time. Also, an infection or other complication could happen and change things. Even the doctor can't know the answer for sure. And doctors don't always feel comfortable trying to predict how long someone will live.
| + | 但是很难预测某人的寿命。 您的医生必须考虑癌症的类型,治疗,过去的疾病和其他因素。 您的医生可能会给您一个估计。 但是请记住,这只是猜测。 每个病人都是不同的。 |
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− | In truth, none of us knows when we are going to die. Unexpected events happen every day. The best we can do is to try and live fully and for today.
| + | 一些患者的寿命超过了医生最初预测的时间。 其他人的寿命较短。 另外,可能会发生感染或其他并发症并改变情况。 甚至医生也无法确定答案。 而且,医生并不总是能轻易预测某人的寿命。 |
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− | === Talking with Family and Friends ===
| + | 实际上,我们谁都不知道何时会死。 意外事件每天发生。 我们能做的最好的事情就是努力并为今天而活。 |
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− | Your loved ones may need time to adjust to the advanced stage of your illness. They need to come to terms with their own feelings. These may include:
| + | === 与家人和朋友交谈 === |
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− | *confusion | + | 您所爱的人可能需要时间来适应疾病的晚期。 他们需要适应自己的感受。 这些可能包括: |
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| + | *混乱 |
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| *shock | | *shock |
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− | *helplessness | + | *无助 |
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− | *anger | + | *愤怒 |
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− | *sadness | + | *悲伤 |
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− | Knowing that everyone copes with bad news in their own way will help you and your loved ones deal with their feelings. Let them know that the best thing they can do for you is to be themselves and feel at ease with you. Ask them to listen when you need it, rather than try to solve every problem. Many people are comforted by sharing feelings and taking the time to say what they need to say.
| + | 知道每个人都以自己的方式应对坏消息将有助于您和您所爱的人处理自己的感受。 让他们知道,他们可以为您做的最好的事情就是成为自己,与您一起放松。 让他们在需要时倾听,而不是尝试解决所有问题。 分享感觉并花时间说出他们需要说的话,使许多人感到安慰。 |
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− | Keep in mind that not everyone can handle the thought that they might lose you. Or some people may not know what to say or do for you. As a result, relationships may change. This isn't because of you, but because others have trouble coping with their own painful feelings.
| + | 请记住,并非每个人都能处理可能失去您的想法。 或者某些人可能不知道该为您说些什么或为您做些什么。 结果,关系可能会改变。 这不是因为您,而是因为其他人难以应付自己的痛苦感受。 |
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− | Some things you could do:
| + | 您可以做的一些事情: |
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− | *Tell them that you’re still the same person you always were. | + | *告诉他们您仍然和以前一样。 |
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− | *Let them know if it's alright to ask questions or tell you how they feel. | + | *让他们知道是否可以提问或告诉您他们的感受。 |
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− | *Remind them that often just being there for you is enough. | + | *提醒他们,经常为您服务就足够了。 |
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− | It's also okay if you don’t feel comfortable talking about these issues. Sometimes certain topics are hard to discuss with others. If this is the case, you may want to talk with a member of your medical team or a trained counselor. You could also go to a support group where patients meet to share common concerns.
| + | 如果您不愿意谈论这些问题,也可以。 有时某些主题很难与他人讨论。 在这种情况下,您可能想与您的医疗团队成员或训练有素的辅导员交谈。 您也可以去一个支持小组,让患者见面以共同关心。 |
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− | '''Talking with Your Spouse or Partner''' | + | '''与您的配偶或伴侣交谈''' |
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− | Some relationships grow stronger during cancer treatment, but others are weakened. It’s very common for patients and their partners to feel more stress than usual as a couple. There is often stress about:
| + | 在癌症治疗期间,某些关系会变得更牢固,而其他关系则会减弱。 对于患者及其伴侣来说,夫妻俩比平常承受更大的压力是很常见的。 经常有以下方面的压力: |
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− | *Knowing how to give and get support | + | *知道如何给予和获得支持 |
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− | *Coping with new feelings that have come up | + | *应对出现的新感觉 |
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− | *Figuring out how to communicate | + | *弄清楚如何沟通 |
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− | *Having money problems | + | *遇到金钱问题 |
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− | *Making decisions | + | *做出决定 |
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− | *Changing roles in the family | + | *改变家庭角色 |
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− | *Having changes in social life | + | *改变社交生活 |
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− | *Coping with changes in daily routines | + | *应付日常变化 |
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− | Some people feel more comfortable talking about serious issues than others. Only you and your loved one know how you communicate. Some suggestions:
| + | 有些人谈论严重问题比其他人更自在。 只有您和您所爱的人知道您如何沟通。 一些建议: |
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− | *'''Talk things over'''. This may be hard for you or your partner. If so, ask a counselor or social worker to talk to both of you together. | + | *'''协商'''.这对您或您的伴侣可能很难。 如果是这样,请咨询师或社会工作者一起与您俩交谈。 |
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− | *'''Be realistic about demands'''. Your spouse or partner may feel guilty about your illness. They may feel guilty about any time spent away from you. They could also be under stress due to changing family roles. Try to be aware of how they're feeling. | + | *'''对需求要现实'''. 您的配偶或伴侣可能对您的病感到内gui。 他们可能会对离开您的任何时间感到内。 由于家庭角色的变化,他们也可能承受压力。 尝试了解他们的感受。 |
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− | *'''Spend some time apart.''' Your partner needs time to address his or her own needs. If these needs are neglected, your loved one may have less energy and support to give to you and others. Remember, you didn’t spend 24 hours a day together before you got sick. | + | *'''花一些时间分开。'''您的伴侣需要时间来解决他或她自己的需求。 如果忽略了这些需求,那么您所爱的人可能会减少给予您和他人的精力和支持。 请记住,您生病之前并不是一天24小时都在一起度过。 |
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− | '''Talking with Your Kids''' | + | '''与孩子交谈''' |
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− | Children of all ages can sense when things are wrong. Keeping your children's and grandchildren's trust is still very important at this time. It's best to be as open as you can about your cancer. They may worry that they did something to cause you to get sick. They may be afraid that no one will take care of them. They may also feel that you are not spending as much time with them as you used to.
| + | 所有年龄段的孩子都可以感觉到什么时候出了问题。 目前,保持孩子和孙子的信任仍然非常重要。 最好对癌症尽可能保持开放。 他们可能担心自己做了某些事情导致您生病。 他们可能担心没人会照顾他们。 他们可能还会觉得您没有像以前那样花很多时间在他们身上。 |
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− | Some children become very clingy. Others get into trouble in school or at home. Let the child's teacher or guidance counselor know what is going on. It helps to keep all the lines of communication open, both with your kids and with the other people in their lives.
| + | 一些孩子变得非常粘人。 其他人在学校或家里遇到麻烦。 让孩子的老师或辅导员知道发生了什么事。 它有助于保持与您的孩子以及生活中其他人的所有沟通渠道的畅通。 |
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− | Although you can't protect them from what they may feel, you can prepare them. If they ask if you are going to die, you can tell them the truth with comfort and understanding. What you tell them and how they take it will depend on their age and what they have gone through already in life. While you can't protect them from pain and loss, you can help them cope with it and understand it as part of life. Try to:
| + | 尽管您无法从他们的感觉中保护他们,但是您可以为他们做好准备。 如果他们问您是否要死,您可以安心和理解地告诉他们真相。 您告诉他们的内容以及他们的接受方式将取决于他们的年龄以及他们已经经历的生活。 虽然您无法保护他们免受痛苦和损失,但可以帮助他们应对并把它理解为生活的一部分。 尝试: |
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− | *'''Be honest'''. Tell them you are sick and that the doctors are working to help you feel comfortable. | + | *'''说实话'''. 告诉他们您病了,医生正在努力帮助您感到舒适。 |
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− | *'''Let them know that nothing they did or said caused the cancer'''. And make sure they know that they can’t catch it from you or others. | + | *'''让他们知道,他们所做的一切或所说的话均未引起癌症'''. 并且确保他们知道自己无法从您或其他人那里得到它。 |
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− | *'''Tell them you love the'''m. Tell them it’s okay to be upset, angry, or scared. Encourage them to talk. | + | *'''告诉他们你爱他们'''. 告诉他们生气,生气或害怕是可以的。 鼓励他们说话。 |
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− | *'''Be clear and simple'''. Children do not have the focus of adults. Use words they can understand. | + | *'''清楚简单'''. 儿童没有成年人的关注。 使用他们能理解的单词。 |
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− | *'''Let them know that they will always be taken care of and loved.''' | + | *'''让他们知道,他们将永远得到照顾和爱戴。''' |
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− | *'''Let them know that it’s okay to ask questions'''. Tell them you will answer them as honestly as you can. In fact, children who aren’t told the truth about an illness can become even more scared. They often use their imagination and fears to explain the changes around them. | + | *'''让他们知道可以提问'''. 告诉他们您将尽可能诚实地回答他们。 实际上,那些没有被告知疾病真相的孩子会变得更加害怕。 他们经常用自己的想象力和恐惧来解释周围的变化。 |
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− | '''Talking with Your Teenagers''' | + | '''与您的青少年交谈''' |
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− | Many of the things listed above also apply to teenagers. They need to hear the truth about an illness. This helps keep them from feeling guilt and stress. But be aware that they may try to avoid the subject. They may become angry, act out, or get into trouble as a way of coping. Others simply withdraw. Try to:
| + | 上面列出的许多内容也适用于青少年。 他们需要听到有关疾病的真相。 这有助于防止他们感到内和压力。 但是请注意,他们可能会尝试避免该问题。 他们可能会生气,表现出来或陷入困境以作为应对的一种方式。 其他人只是退出。 尝试: |
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− | *'''Give teenagers the space they need'''. This is especially important if you have to rely on them more than before to help with family needs. | + | *'''给青少年他们需要的空间'''. 如果您必须比以前更多地依赖它们来满足家庭需求,这一点尤其重要。 |
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− | *'''Give them time to deal with their feelings, alone or with their friends'''. | + | *'''给他们时间独自一人或与朋友相处的感情'''. |
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− | *'''Let your teenager know that they should still go to school'''. Tell them they should keep taking part in sports and other fun activities. | + | *'''让您的少年知道他们仍然应该上学'''. 告诉他们他们应该继续参加体育运动和其他有趣的活动。 |
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− | If you have trouble talking with your teen about cancer, you might want to ask for help. Try asking a close friend, relative, or health care provider for advice. You could also go to a trusted coach, teacher, or youth minister. Your social worker or doctor can help you as well.
| + | 如果您在与青少年谈论癌症时遇到问题,则可能需要寻求帮助。 尝试向密友,亲戚或医疗保健提供者寻求建议。 您也可以去找一位值得信赖的教练,老师或青年部长。 您的社工或医生也可以为您提供帮助。 |
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− | '''Talking with Your Adult Children''' | + | '''与成年子女交谈''' |
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− | Your relationship with your adult children may change now that you have advanced cancer. You may have to rely on them differently than you have in the past. It’s a normal reaction if you find that this is hard for you. Many people find this difficult. After all, you may be used to giving support rather than getting it. Or it may be hard for other reasons. Perhaps your relationship with your children has been a more formal or distant one.
| + | 由于您患有晚期癌症,您与成年子女的关系可能会改变。 您可能不得不以不同于以往的方式依赖它们。 如果您发现这对您来说很困难,那是正常的反应。 许多人发现这很困难。 毕竟,您可能习惯于提供支持而不是获得支持。 或由于其他原因可能很难。 也许您与孩子的关系是一种较为正式或疏远的关系。 |
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− | Adult children have their concerns, too. They may become fearful of their own mortality. They may feel guilty because they’re overwhelmed by the many demands of their lives as parents, children, and employees and unable to be there with you as much as they want.
| + | 成年子女也有他们的担忧。 他们可能会担心自己的死亡。 他们可能会感到内gui,因为他们对父母,子女和雇员一生的许多需求感到不知所措,无法按自己的意愿与您同在。 |
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− | As your illness progresses, it helps to:
| + | 随着疾病的进展,它有助于: |
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− | *Share decision making with your children. | + | *与您的孩子分享决策。 |
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− | *Involve them in issues that are important to you. These may include treatment choices, plans for the future, or types of activities you want to continue. | + | *让他们参与对您很重要的问题。 这些可能包括治疗选择,未来计划或您想要继续的活动类型。 |
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− | Reaching out to your adult children and openly sharing your feelings and wishes may help them cope with your cancer. It could bring you closer to them as well. It may also help lessen any fears or conflicts that may arise between siblings when important decisions need to be made.
| + | 与您的成年子女接触并公开分享您的感受和愿望可能会帮助他们应对您的癌症。 它也可以使您更接近他们。 当需要做出重要的决定时,它也可以帮助减轻兄弟姐妹之间可能产生的恐惧或冲突。 |
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− | For more detailed information on talking to children about cancer, see the NCI booklets, When Someone You Love Is Being Treated for Cancer and When Someone You Love Has Advanced Cancer.
| + | 有关与儿童谈论癌症的更多详细信息,请参阅NCI手册,当您所爱的人正在接受癌症治疗时以及当您所爱的人患有晚期癌症时。 |
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− | === Family Disagreements === | + | === 家庭分歧=== |
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− | Any problems your family may have had before the cancer diagnosis are likely to be more intense now. And relatives that you or your family members don't know very well or who live far away may be around more often, which may complicate things.
| + | 您的家人在癌症诊断之前可能遇到的任何问题现在都可能会更加严重。 而您或您的家人不认识的亲戚或者住在远方的亲戚可能会经常出现,这可能会使事情复杂化。 |
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− | It's common for families to argue over things such as:
| + | 家庭通常会为诸如此类的事情争论: |
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− | *Treatment options or whether to continue treatment at all | + | *治疗方案或是否继续治疗 |
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− | *When to use hospice care | + | *何时使用临终关怀 |
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− | *Feelings that some family members are helping more than others | + | *某些家庭成员比其他人更有帮助的感觉 |
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− | Although everyone may be trying to do what's best, some family members may disagree as to what this means. Everyone brings their own set of beliefs and values to the table, which makes these decisions hard. It’s common for families to ask their health care team to hold a family meeting or to help with communication in some way.
| + | 尽管每个人都可能尝试做最好的事情,但一些家庭成员可能对此表示不同意见。 每个人都将自己的信念和价值观带到餐桌上,这使这些决定变得困难。 家庭通常会要求其医疗团队举行家庭会议或以某种方式帮助进行沟通。 |
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− | === Ask for Help or a Family Meeting === | + | === 寻求帮助或家庭聚会 === |
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− | Often, talking with the people closest to you is harder than talking with anyone else. Some families are good at communicating with each other. And others have trouble expressing their needs to each other, even if they get along very well. Or sometimes families simply don’t get along.
| + | 通常,与最亲近的人交谈比与其他人交谈要困难。 一些家庭善于彼此沟通。 即使彼此相处得很好,其他人也很难互相表达自己的需求。 有时候,家人根本不相处。 |
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− | If you don't feel comfortable talking with family members, ask a member of your health care team to help start a conversation. You could also ask a social worker or other professional to hold a family meeting. This may help family members feel more comfortable to openly express their feelings. It can also be a time for you and your family to meet with your team to solve problems that may have arisen and set goals.
| + | 如果您不喜欢与家人交谈,请让您的医疗团队的成员帮助开始对话。 您也可以要求社会工作者或其他专业人员举行家庭会议。 这可以帮助家庭成员更轻松地公开表达自己的感受。 您和您的家人也可以与您的团队见面,以解决可能出现的问题并设定目标。 |
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− | It can be very hard to talk about the goals for care when someone has advanced cancer. But studies show that cancer care goes more smoothly when everyone stays open and talks about the issues.
| + | 当某人患有晚期癌症时,很难谈论医疗目标。 但是研究表明,当每个人都保持开放并谈论这些问题时,癌症护理会更加顺利。 |
谈论您的晚期癌症
一旦您被诊断出患有晚期癌症,或者您的疾病已经发展到这一点,您将有许多问题需要与您的亲人和您的医疗团队讨论。 您需要讨论未来的步骤以及预期的结果。
进行这些谈话可能并不容易。 但是,了解您的选择并与他人共享将使您更轻松地进行护理。 (您的亲人可能还想去我们的照料者部分,以获得更多有关晚期癌症的提示。)
有关护理决策和寿命终止计划的更多信息,请参阅NCI的《规划向晚期癌症的寿命终止护理过渡》。
与您的医疗团队交谈
您的医疗团队需要知道您想知道什么。 许多人拥有一支由医疗服务提供者组成的团队,他们共同努力以帮助他们。 该团队可能包括医生,护士,肿瘤社会工作者,营养师和其他专家。 他们需要知道您在癌症现阶段的护理目标以及您希望如何进行。 告诉他们什么对您现在最重要。 例如:
让他们知道您有任何问题.他们的答案将帮助您知道现在和将来会发生什么。
与将要照顾您的人进行良好的沟通并了解您的目标非常重要。 您可能需要与您的医生或医疗团队的其他成员讨论以下主题:
- 有些人想知道有关其护理的所有详细信息。 其他人则希望尽可能少地了解。 一些患者希望做出所有决定,而另一些患者希望家人做出大部分决定。 您想要什么? 确定您想知道的内容,想知道的内容以及何时听到足够的信息。 选择最适合您的信息量,然后告诉您的医生和家人。 要求他们遵循您的意愿。
- 有人认为晚期癌症总是会带来严重的疼痛。 并非必须如此。 可以在整个疾病过程中控制疼痛。 管理好痛苦的人能够专注于享受生活。 他们可以睡得更好,可以和朋友和家人在一起,并专注于他们喜欢的日常活动。诚实和坦诚地对待自己的痛苦非常重要。 告诉您的医生是否以及在何处感到疼痛。
- 一些家庭成员可能无法应付您的癌症预后。 他们可能不想知道疾病已发展到什么程度或医生认为您患有疾病的时间。 如果您感到舒适,请询问您的家人,他们想了解您的病情多少。 然后,让您的医疗团队知道他们的意愿。 尽快执行此操作。 这将有助于避免您所爱的人之间的冲突或困扰。 如果您还没有这样做,那么填写高级指令很重要。
没有人知道未来
人们通常想知道他们必须活多久是正常的。 想要为即将发生的事情做准备也是很自然的。
但是很难预测某人的寿命。 您的医生必须考虑癌症的类型,治疗,过去的疾病和其他因素。 您的医生可能会给您一个估计。 但是请记住,这只是猜测。 每个病人都是不同的。
一些患者的寿命超过了医生最初预测的时间。 其他人的寿命较短。 另外,可能会发生感染或其他并发症并改变情况。 甚至医生也无法确定答案。 而且,医生并不总是能轻易预测某人的寿命。
实际上,我们谁都不知道何时会死。 意外事件每天发生。 我们能做的最好的事情就是努力并为今天而活。
与家人和朋友交谈
您所爱的人可能需要时间来适应疾病的晚期。 他们需要适应自己的感受。 这些可能包括:
知道每个人都以自己的方式应对坏消息将有助于您和您所爱的人处理自己的感受。 让他们知道,他们可以为您做的最好的事情就是成为自己,与您一起放松。 让他们在需要时倾听,而不是尝试解决所有问题。 分享感觉并花时间说出他们需要说的话,使许多人感到安慰。
请记住,并非每个人都能处理可能失去您的想法。 或者某些人可能不知道该为您说些什么或为您做些什么。 结果,关系可能会改变。 这不是因为您,而是因为其他人难以应付自己的痛苦感受。
您可以做的一些事情:
如果您不愿意谈论这些问题,也可以。 有时某些主题很难与他人讨论。 在这种情况下,您可能想与您的医疗团队成员或训练有素的辅导员交谈。 您也可以去一个支持小组,让患者见面以共同关心。
与您的配偶或伴侣交谈
在癌症治疗期间,某些关系会变得更牢固,而其他关系则会减弱。 对于患者及其伴侣来说,夫妻俩比平常承受更大的压力是很常见的。 经常有以下方面的压力:
有些人谈论严重问题比其他人更自在。 只有您和您所爱的人知道您如何沟通。 一些建议:
- 协商.这对您或您的伴侣可能很难。 如果是这样,请咨询师或社会工作者一起与您俩交谈。
- 对需求要现实. 您的配偶或伴侣可能对您的病感到内gui。 他们可能会对离开您的任何时间感到内。 由于家庭角色的变化,他们也可能承受压力。 尝试了解他们的感受。
- 花一些时间分开。您的伴侣需要时间来解决他或她自己的需求。 如果忽略了这些需求,那么您所爱的人可能会减少给予您和他人的精力和支持。 请记住,您生病之前并不是一天24小时都在一起度过。
与孩子交谈
所有年龄段的孩子都可以感觉到什么时候出了问题。 目前,保持孩子和孙子的信任仍然非常重要。 最好对癌症尽可能保持开放。 他们可能担心自己做了某些事情导致您生病。 他们可能担心没人会照顾他们。 他们可能还会觉得您没有像以前那样花很多时间在他们身上。
一些孩子变得非常粘人。 其他人在学校或家里遇到麻烦。 让孩子的老师或辅导员知道发生了什么事。 它有助于保持与您的孩子以及生活中其他人的所有沟通渠道的畅通。
尽管您无法从他们的感觉中保护他们,但是您可以为他们做好准备。 如果他们问您是否要死,您可以安心和理解地告诉他们真相。 您告诉他们的内容以及他们的接受方式将取决于他们的年龄以及他们已经经历的生活。 虽然您无法保护他们免受痛苦和损失,但可以帮助他们应对并把它理解为生活的一部分。 尝试:
- 说实话. 告诉他们您病了,医生正在努力帮助您感到舒适。
- 让他们知道,他们所做的一切或所说的话均未引起癌症. 并且确保他们知道自己无法从您或其他人那里得到它。
- 告诉他们你爱他们. 告诉他们生气,生气或害怕是可以的。 鼓励他们说话。
- 清楚简单. 儿童没有成年人的关注。 使用他们能理解的单词。
- 让他们知道可以提问. 告诉他们您将尽可能诚实地回答他们。 实际上,那些没有被告知疾病真相的孩子会变得更加害怕。 他们经常用自己的想象力和恐惧来解释周围的变化。
与您的青少年交谈
上面列出的许多内容也适用于青少年。 他们需要听到有关疾病的真相。 这有助于防止他们感到内和压力。 但是请注意,他们可能会尝试避免该问题。 他们可能会生气,表现出来或陷入困境以作为应对的一种方式。 其他人只是退出。 尝试:
- 给青少年他们需要的空间. 如果您必须比以前更多地依赖它们来满足家庭需求,这一点尤其重要。
- 让您的少年知道他们仍然应该上学. 告诉他们他们应该继续参加体育运动和其他有趣的活动。
如果您在与青少年谈论癌症时遇到问题,则可能需要寻求帮助。 尝试向密友,亲戚或医疗保健提供者寻求建议。 您也可以去找一位值得信赖的教练,老师或青年部长。 您的社工或医生也可以为您提供帮助。
与成年子女交谈
由于您患有晚期癌症,您与成年子女的关系可能会改变。 您可能不得不以不同于以往的方式依赖它们。 如果您发现这对您来说很困难,那是正常的反应。 许多人发现这很困难。 毕竟,您可能习惯于提供支持而不是获得支持。 或由于其他原因可能很难。 也许您与孩子的关系是一种较为正式或疏远的关系。
成年子女也有他们的担忧。 他们可能会担心自己的死亡。 他们可能会感到内gui,因为他们对父母,子女和雇员一生的许多需求感到不知所措,无法按自己的意愿与您同在。
随着疾病的进展,它有助于:
- 让他们参与对您很重要的问题。 这些可能包括治疗选择,未来计划或您想要继续的活动类型。
与您的成年子女接触并公开分享您的感受和愿望可能会帮助他们应对您的癌症。 它也可以使您更接近他们。 当需要做出重要的决定时,它也可以帮助减轻兄弟姐妹之间可能产生的恐惧或冲突。
有关与儿童谈论癌症的更多详细信息,请参阅NCI手册,当您所爱的人正在接受癌症治疗时以及当您所爱的人患有晚期癌症时。
家庭分歧
您的家人在癌症诊断之前可能遇到的任何问题现在都可能会更加严重。 而您或您的家人不认识的亲戚或者住在远方的亲戚可能会经常出现,这可能会使事情复杂化。
家庭通常会为诸如此类的事情争论:
尽管每个人都可能尝试做最好的事情,但一些家庭成员可能对此表示不同意见。 每个人都将自己的信念和价值观带到餐桌上,这使这些决定变得困难。 家庭通常会要求其医疗团队举行家庭会议或以某种方式帮助进行沟通。
寻求帮助或家庭聚会
通常,与最亲近的人交谈比与其他人交谈要困难。 一些家庭善于彼此沟通。 即使彼此相处得很好,其他人也很难互相表达自己的需求。 有时候,家人根本不相处。
如果您不喜欢与家人交谈,请让您的医疗团队的成员帮助开始对话。 您也可以要求社会工作者或其他专业人员举行家庭会议。 这可以帮助家庭成员更轻松地公开表达自己的感受。 您和您的家人也可以与您的团队见面,以解决可能出现的问题并设定目标。
当某人患有晚期癌症时,很难谈论医疗目标。 但是研究表明,当每个人都保持开放并谈论这些问题时,癌症护理会更加顺利。